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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Cytotoxic effect of photodynamic therapy with Photofrin II on intimal hyperplasia.

This study evaluates the effect of photodynamic therapy using Photofrin II on prevention and treatment of intimal hyperplasia in a rabbit model of common carotid artery balloon injury. An established model was used. One week after injury (inhibition arm) or 6 weeks after injury (treatment arm), each common carotid artery was exposed to continuous external laser irradiation 48 hours after a 5 mg/kg intravenous dose of Photofrin II (fluency = 7.6 joules/cm2, lambda = 630 nm). Histologic evaluation was performed 6 weeks following therapy in the inhibition arm and 1 day, 1 week, and 6 weeks following therapy in the treatment arm. Each arm included four subgroups (N = 10/subgroup): control, drug only, laser only, and drug plus laser. The first two subgroups underwent sham reoperations without laser exposure. In the inhibition arm no effect was seen on intimal cell density or area stenosis 6 weeks after photodynamic therapy. In the treatment arm intimal cell density was markedly diminished in the drug plus laser subgroup sacrificed 1 day and 1 week (but not 6 weeks) after treatment as compared to the remaining subgroups. There was no significant impact on area of stenosis. A marked acute cytotoxic effect of photodynamic therapy on intimal hyperplasia was verified in vivo in the treatment arm. The extracellular matrix was not affected. Cellular repopulation of the treatment zone was observed. No sustained benefit was seen in either the inhibition or the treatment arm. Refinements in dosimetry will be necessary to achieve long-term benefits.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cost variation of hospitalization due to injuries: head trauma and fire arm accidents].

This article proposes two linear regression models on cost variation of hospitalization (based on data from the Brazilian National Unified Health System - SUS) for two types of injuries: head trauma and related cases (n = 98,156); fire arm injuries and related cases (n = 8,970). Data were collected from the 1997 standardized Hospital Admittance Forms covering all of Brazil. Explanatory variables were gender, age, hospital administration model (public, private, etc.), region of the country, hospitalization in a capital city, use of ICU, surgery, death, duration of hospitalization, most frequent procedures, special procedures, and interaction among certain variables. The two models adjusted well, with R2 = 0.7264 for the first and 0.7663 for the second. Explanatory variables in the first model were all significant, and only three variables in the second failed to show statistical significance. The two main variables in both models were use of ICU and surgery. Diagnostics for detection of outliers, multicolinearity, model specification error, and homoscedasticity were performed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2001

The interaction of projectiles with tissues and the management of ballistic fractures.

Wounds to the limbs are the commonest injuries seen during armed conflict and injury results from the transfer of energy from the missile to the tissues. There are a number of factors that determine the transfer of energy, and thus the extent of wounding. These include the velocity of the missile, its shape and stability, and the tissue through which the missile passes. Many of the wounds involve bone, and because of the interaction of missiles with bone, significant fractures can occur. In many previous conflicts amputation was considered the treatment of choice for many limb injuries, but with recent advances in the management of severe open fractures, many of these limbs are now salvageable. Whilst the basic principles of the initial débridement remain unchanged, techniques of fracture stabilisation and definitive soft tissue cover have changed, and it is necessary to consider these in relation to military fractures. Definitive soft tissue closure can be safely delayed until evacuation further down the medical chain, but stabilisation of the fracture must be considered at the time of initial surgery. Many of the advances in fracture management may be unsuitable for use in a military environment due to logistical constraints. In addition it is likely that wound infection will be more common with military injuries, and this will influence the treatment. This paper considers the interaction of missiles with soft tissue and bone, and discusses possible methods of fracture stabilisation in the military environment.

Arm Injuries↗