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Results for “ANTISEPSIS”

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Role of antisepsis in the preventive chemo-antibiotic treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis].

A protocol associating chemoprophylaxis and two-agent flash antibioprophylaxis was performed for more than two years in order to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis in elective open-globe surgery. The aim of this study is to appreciate whether antibiotic therapy is really useful as a complement to chemoprophylaxis. Three successive conjunctival scrapings were performed in the operating room: two before surgery (one before and one after conjunctival disinfection by povidone iodine), and the third one at the end of the operation. The total number of positive scrapings significantly decreased after disinfection but, some changes appeared on the final scrapings positive and negative. The risks of a positive scraping after the disinfection are greater if the scraping was initially positive. The persistence of a positive scraping after disinfection is noted in about 20% of cases. Therefore, there is a risk for microorganisms to penetrate into the eye, still present on the conjunctiva after povidone iodine. This risk is an argument to carry on the flash antibiotic therapy before surgery, in order to obtain a high intravitreal concentration of antibiotics at the precise time when the bacteria may penetrate into the eye, and to stop their multiplication.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1993

[Umbilical colonization in normal newborns. A comparative study of 4 methods for umbilical antisepsis].

We report the results of a prospective study in which the effectiveness of 70% alcohol (A), mercurochrome (M), a solution of alcohol and mercurochrome (AM) and 1% chlorhexidine (C) as umbilical antiseptics was tested on 311 normal newborn infants. Similar results were obtained by using A, M, or AM; however, when C was used umbilical colonization was significantly reduced as compared to when the other three antiseptic agents were used. The umbilical cords that had been scrubbed with A, M or AM were detached by the 8th day after birth, whereas those treated with C took 14 days to fall off. The use of chlorhexidine resulted in a marked increase in pure cultures positive for Gram negative bacteria (Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.) which was not the case with the other three antiseptics tested.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1993

Review presentation on povidone-iodine antisepsis in the oral cavity.

Due to the great number of different micro-organisms present, the oral cavity is an important source of infection. Infections caused by these micro-organisms can occur as local infections of the oral mucous membrane, local infections of the soft tissues or the bones following surgical intervention, or endocarditis due to bacteraemia following dental surgery. In the therapy of periodontal diseases, the application of antiseptic solutions is indicated to inhibit or reduce plaque accumulation. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) solution will reduce inflammation and the progression of periodontal disease. The application of antiseptics in the oral mucous membrane is also indicated to prevent wound infections following surgical intervention in patients with leukaemia, AIDS, immunosuppressant therapy and patients undergoing anti-neoplastic radiation or chemotherapy. Some trials on the antibacterial efficacy of PVP-I in vivo showed reduction factors of log 2-3. PVP-I may therefore be recommended as an oral antiseptic. The irrigation of the gingival sulcus with an antiseptic solution is a useful complement to antibiotic prophylaxis in patients at risk of bacterial endocarditis. Many trials on the effectiveness of PVP-I on dental extraction bacteraemia have shown a significant benefit in the active group in comparison with the control group.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

[Results of a National survey on antibiotic prophylaxis and antisepsis in cataract surgery].

PURPOSE: We present the results of a national survey carried out in 1997 among French ophthalmologists on prophylactic antibiotic and antiseptic therapy in cataract surgery. METHOD: Among the 6050 questionnaires sent by post, 1082 answers recorded between January and February 1997. RESULTS: The results give precise details on French surgeons attitude as regards prophylactic antibiotics for: topical, subconjunctival, intra-ocular and systemic administration. CONCLUSION: This kind of study is frequent in English-speaking countries and is useful to help our profession to formulate important current questions and to collect answers.

Administration, Topical↗