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Patient expectations of dental services. Image affects expectations, and expectations affect perceived service quality.

The authors construct a theoretical model of the antecedents of expectations for dental services by analyzing survey responses from 240 dental patients. The patients' image of the dentist, tangible cues, situational factors, and patient satisfaction with prior service encounters have the greatest influence on expectations of service, whereas marketing variables, such as price and advertising, appear to have no effect.

Dental Health Services↗

[Drugs affect and are affected by body temperature].

There are several connections between drugs and cold. Drugs can lower body temperature; ambient temperature together with the adaptive capacity of the organism can influence various physiological and also pharmacological processes; furthermore, hypothermia can have an effect on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics which is of considerable clinical importance, since the application of hypothermia as a therapeutic adjuvant is on the rise. The present paper discusses different aspects of these problems, concluding with a proposal that it may now be time to ask for the results of a "cold effect test" before a new drug is accepted for common use, especially in hypothermic patients.

Body Temperature↗

Geochemistry of Bulgarian soils in villages affected and not affected by Balkan endemic nephropathy: a pilot study.

Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a chronic tubulointerstitial disease whose mosaic-like distribution throughout the Balkans has not changed significantly since its initial description. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that the occurrence of BEN is linked with the environmental geochemistry of villages. Soil samples were collected from BEN and non-BEN villages in the Vratza region of Bulgaria. Samples were digested in nitric acid and analyzed for 22 elements by hexapole, inductively coupled plasma, and mass spectrometry. Selected results are that: 1) absolute concentrations from both types of villages were not enriched above "background" concentrations; and 2) copper, molybdenum, lead, and cadmium concentrations were higher in BEN than in non-BEN soils, while selenium concentrations were lower. Although geochemical differences between BEN and non-BEN villages were found, not all differences were statistically significant, in part due to a limited number of samples.

Balkan Nephropathy↗