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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Effect of work of different types and intensity on changes in work capacity].

Changes in the current effort capacity following 4-hrs' performance of six types of work of different intensity and different muscular system engagement, have been evaluated. The studies involved two groups of women. Group I, consisting of 25 women, performed the dynamic, work on cycle-and manual-ergometers (Rr) and two types of static effort resulting from the shift of the load constituting 20% body weight (N) and maintenance of forced posture during manual weaving (T). Group II, consisting of 9 women, performed the dynamic work on cycle ergometer (R) and dynamic-static work, with an additional load, i.e. holding--in one's hand--2,5 kg (R2,5) and 5.0 kg (R5,0). The effort capacity was determined before and after work, basing on an ergometer test. Whatever the type of the previously performed work, the tolerance of fatigue was found to decrease, which was expressed by lower values of oxygen consumption and heart rate at which the women stopped the test effort. The intensity of the previously performed work (% VO2 max) might be estimated from the difference in the average test effort power, respiratory quotient value and amount of oxygen consumed per one power unit. The static load was evidenced by changes in the blood systolic pressure and increased heart rate during the effort test.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Working in an intensive or non-intensive care unit: does it make any difference?

OBJECTIVE: To compare intensive care unit and non-intensive care unit nurses regarding work situation characteristics (e.g., work pressure), reaction variables (e.g., job satisfaction), and individual and psychosocial characteristics (e.g., need for autonomy) to explore whether it is more stressful to work on an intensive care unit than on a non-intensive care unit. DESIGN: Descriptive, correlational study. SETTING: Sixteen randomly selected general hospitals in The Netherlands. SAMPLE: 561 intensive care unit and non-intensive care unit nurses from 36 nursing units. MEASUREMENTS: Subjects completed a survey questionnaire with items derived from the Job Diagnostic Survey, the Leader Behavior Questionnaire, the Organizational Stress Questionnaire, and the Utrecht Coping Questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures were work-related variables including work pressure, autonomy, feedback and clarity, job satisfaction, experienced job significance, health complaints, absence frequency, social support, need for autonomy, and coping strategies. MAIN RESULTS: The results of the study showed that nurses who work in intensive care units had more positive scores than nurses who work in non-intensive care units. Thus the assumptions that intensive care units present more stressful work situations and that intensive care unit nurses show more negative reactions to their work were not supported in this study. CONCLUSION: The results indicate non-intensive care unit nurses may have a greater need for interventions in the work situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Quantitative characteristics of the causes of functional overstrain of the hands].

Functional studies of hands strain covered 2351 women who performed multiple manual maneuvers with absent, mild and moderate efforts. Considered reasons of the functional strain were: number of the maneuvers per shift, applied efforts, work intensity, length of service, previous work hardiness, hand efforts beyond the worktime, specific traits of workers (age, health state). Functional strain of hands was assessed by means of an Articular Pain Index which is general evaluation of severity, intensity and frequency of pain in hand joints. The authors suggest norms for allowable and hazardous quantity of hand maneuvers in accordance with their structure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Glycogen depletion patterns during continuous and intermittent ice skating.

The glycogen depletion patterns in the vastus lateralis muscle were studied during ice skating using eight hockey players. For each subject, exercise consisted of either repeated bouts (10) of high intensity work (120% Vo2 max) or continuous work (60 min) of low intensity (55% Vo2 max). During continuous skating, glycogen showed a 29% decline (p less than 0.05) over the 60 min. In the intermittent condition, there was a two fold greater depletion (p less than 0.05) with the most rapid loss occurring during the first five, one min work bouts. Histochemical analysis by fiber type indicated that the most pronounced glycogen loss was from the Type I fibers during continuous skating whereas during the intermittent condition, a preferential loss occurred in the Type II fibers, most notably the Type IIB fibers. Measurements of muscle metabolites during continuous skating indicated no change for ATP from the rest condition at 30 or 60 min, a reduction (p less than 0.05) in CP (4.1 mmoles.kg-1) at 60 min and an elevation (p less than 0.05) in lactate (0.85 mmoles.kg-1) at 60 min. In the intermittent condition, reductions (p less than 0.05) in ATP (0.47 mmoles.kg-1) and CP (8.7 mmoles.kg-1) and elevations (p less than 0.05) in lactate (21.7 mmoles.kg-1) were found following 5 work bouts. Thereafter, no significant changes were observed. It is concluded that the glycogen depletion patterns and alteration in muscle metabolites are similar to those seen during cycling at similar percentages of Vo2 max.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Prolonged exercise in adolescent boys with juvenile diabetes mellitus. Circulatory and metabolic responses in relation to perceived exertion.

Seven well-trained adolescent boys with juvenile diabetes mellitus were studied. They were non-ketotic and performed a 60 min exercise in the afternoon at an average intensity of 58% of maximal working capacity. Blood glucose, blood lactate, plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide and 3-hydroxybutyrate, oxygen uptake and respiratory quotient were determined. The perception of exertion was scored as rate of perceived exertion. Healthy athletes of the same age were controls. Blood glucose, monitored continuously, decreased successively after 10-15 min of exercise with a significant correlation to the pre-exercise glucose value. Blood glucose decreased during exercise to the same level or below that of controls. Despite hypoglycemia with values of 2-3 mmol/l, the exercise continued. Plasma insulin was unchanged. The 3-hydroxybutyrate level was significantly higher in the diabetics, increased somewhat during exercise and still more during the recovery period. The diabetic subjects had significantly higher systolic blood pressure and heart rate during exercise despite a relatively equal work intensity and lower absolute workload. The rate of perceived exertion increased normally during exercise without interference of decreasing blood glucose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms in sheep breeders.

BACKGROUND: The European Farmers' Study has indicated that sheep farmers might be at risk for the development of respiratory symptoms. AIMS: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in sheep breeders and potential work related risk factors. METHODS: All sheep breeders listed in two regions of South Germany were asked to answer a mailed questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, work related respiratory symptoms (WRS), and details of farming. Overall, 325 sheep breeders keeping at least 10 sheep could be included in the survey (response rate 81.9%). The prevalences were compared to the results of the European Farmers' Study. RESULTS: Sheep breeders showed a significantly higher prevalence of asthma related symptoms (prevalence odds ratio (POR) 2.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.0), chronic phlegm (POR 4.0, 95% CI 2.8 to 5.9), and WRS (POR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.2) after adjusting for age, gender, smoking habits, full time farming, and study centre. In the multiple logistic regression model the risk for asthma related symptoms was doubled in full time farmers (POR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 4.3). The major predictor of WRS was full time farming (POR 1.6, 95% CI 0.93 to 2.7) and the use of chemical footbaths (POR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.7). CONCLUSIONS: Sheep breeders might be at high risk for the development of respiratory symptoms. These symptoms may be associated with work intensity and chemical exposure during work. Studies including objective measurements should be performed.

Adolescent↗