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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Comparison of the effectiveness of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) as protective agents against mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

The effectiveness of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on HgCl2-induced nephrotoxicity was studied in the rat. Seven groups of adult male rats were given a single sc toxic dose of HgCl2 (0.68 mg/kg) followed by 0.9% saline (positive control group), BAL (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) or DMSA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) administered ip at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h thereafter. Although the renal function of HgCl2-exposed rats was slightly improved after BAL administration, Hg concentrations in the kidney were only reduced at 60 mg/kg. In addition, the protective effect of BAL was not dose-related. In contrast to BAL, DMSA was effective in increasing the urinary excretion of Hg and in reducing the renal Hg content. These results show that DMSA would be more effective than BAL in preventing or in protecting against inorganic Hg-induced nephrotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Applications of nuclear medicine in genitourinary imaging.

Major advances in nuclear medicine instrumentation and radiopharmaceuticals for renal studies have occurred during the last decade. Current nuclear medicine methodology can be applied for accurate evaluation of renal function and for renal imaging in a wide variety of clinical situations. Total renal function can be estimated from the plasma clearance of agents excreted by glomerular filtration or tubular secretion, and individual function can be estimated by imaging combined with renography. A major area of radionuclide application is in the evaluation of obstructive uropathy. The introduction of diuretic renography and the use of computer-generated regions of interest offer the clinician added useful data which may aid in diagnosis and management. Imaging is of proven value also in trauma, renovascular hypertension, and acute and chronic renal failure. Methods for the evaluation of residual urine, vesicoureteral reflux, and testicular torsion have achieved increasing clinical use. These many procedures assure a meaningful and useful role for the application of nuclear medicine in genitourinary imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

SPECT images using 99mTc(V)-DMS in lung metastasis of osteosarcoma.

Color images of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using technetium-99m(V) dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc(V)-DMS) were demonstrated in a patient with lung metastases from osteosarcoma. SPECT image using 99mTc(V)-DMS could be useful for the detection of lung metastasis from osteosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Single photon emission computed tomography with Tc-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid in patients with upper urinary tract infection and/or vesicoureteral reflux.

By means of Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy, an established method for assessing renal cortical damage, we evaluated the pick-up rate for renal defects (scars) by single photon computed tomography (SPECT) and planar images of 10 normal volunteers, and 58 patients (70 scintigrams) with upper urinary tract infections, most of whom had a history of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The positive study rate for renal defects depended on the severity of VUR. The overall positive rates for renal cortical defects obtained by DMSA SPECT imaging and DMSA planar imaging were 60% and 43%, respectively, and the difference between these was significant (p less than 0.005). The mean absolute individual renal uptake (/injected dose) at 2 hours post-injection was decreased in kidneys with defects detected by SPECT alone. The positive study rate for intravenous urography (IVU) depended on the grade of VUR and was 15% overall. DMSA SPECT imaging detects renal cortical defects at greater frequency than previously achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Phantom kidney: a CT correlation.

The phantom kidney is a "kidney-like" apparition which may be seen in dynamic renal scintigraphy typically in post-nephrectomy patients or in patients with unilateral renal agenesis. We report a case of a phantom kidney demonstrated in the angiographic phase of renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) in a patient who was nephrectomized 14 years previously. After comparison with the CT images, we conclude that our patient's finding was caused by an increased mesenteric vascularity, possibly postprandial. Several conditions which may cause the phantom kidney effect, have been reported, but increased mesenteric vascularity seems to be the most common cause.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Positive imaging of cardiomyopathy with 99mTc(V)-DMSA.

A case of histologically proven dilated cardiomyopathy and a case of clinically diagnosed cardiomyopathy (cardiac amyloidosis was strongly suspected but was not confirmed) were examined with 99mTc(V)-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). 99mTc(V)-DMSA accumulation in the damaged myocardium was clearly demonstrated. These results suggested the possibility that 99mTc(V)-DMSA could be used as a positive agent for cardiomyopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Increased bone marrow uptake on Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy in a patient with renal osteodystrophy.

A 16-year-old male patient was evaluated with Tc-99m Diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and Tc-99m 2-3 Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy for renal failure secondary to renal calculi. The uptake in the renal cortex was significantly decreased both on DMSA and DTPA studies. Uptake calculation on DMSA scintigraphy in the kidneys disclosed values of less than 5%. The activity in the liver and bone was significantly increased. A bone scan performed with Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) revealed increased bone uptake with decreased soft tissue activity. Findings on bone scan were compatible with super scan, most likely due to renal osteodystrophy. This case illustrates the altered biodistribution of Tc-99m DMSA and a shift of the radiopharmaceutical to the bone marrow which is not likely related to colloid formation due to changes in mineral balance in patients with renal failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

67Ga citrate and 99mTc(v)-DMSA scintigraphy in a case of maxillary sinus liposarcoma.

Scintigraphic images with 67Ga citrate and 99mTc(v)-dimercaptosuccinic acid and MR image of a 16-year-old male with maxillary sinus liposarcoma (predominantly myxoid type) are reported. The MR image clearly indicated the exact location, size and anatomical relationship of the tumor. Scintigraphic evaluation was useful in suggesting the malignant nature of the tumor and showed no distant metastasis. Both examinations were effective in treating this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of Tc-99m(V) DMSA for imaging inflammatory lesions: an experimental study.

The present study evaluated 99mTc(V) DMSA as an agent for the visualization of inflammatory lesions in comparison to 99mTc(III) DMSA and 99mTC-HIG. All three radiopharmaceuticals were prepared with commercial kits. 99mTc(V) DMSA was prepared at neutral pH by the addition of first bicarbonate and then pertechnetate to the kit contents. The labeling efficiency was 99% as determined by ITLC. Abscesses were induced by i.m. injection of 50 microliters turpentine into the right thighs of 36 Swiss albino mice. Six days later 3.7 MBq of each radiopharmaceutical was i.v. administered to 12 mice. The mice were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h later. Scintigrams were obtained with a gamma camera. The abscesses were better visualized on scintigrams with 99mTc(V) DMSA compared to 99mTc(III) DMSA, starting at 1 h. The animals were dissected and the organs were removed, weighed and the radioactivity determined with a gamma counter. The abscess to other tissue ratios were higher with 99mTc(V) DMSA than the other radiopharmaceuticals. The max. abscess/muscle ratios were 9.46 +/- 3.20 (24 h), 4.19 +/- 1.39 (6 h) and 5.98 +/- 1.17 (24 h) and max. abscess/blood ratios were 6.22 +/- 1.41, 4.09 +/- 0.84 and 0.914 +/- 0.351 all at 24 h for 99mTc(V) DMSA, 99mTc(III) DMSA and 99mTc-HIG, respectively. Experimental arthritis was produced in New Zealand white rabbits by intra-articular injection of ovalbumin. Four days later 37 MBq of 99mTc(V) DMSA and 99mTc-HIG were each i.v. administered to 3 rabbits. Scintigrams obtained at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h clearly demonstrated arthritic joints. ROI's over arthritic joints were compared to contralateral normal joints (A/C). The max. A/C ratios were 2.10 +/- 0.31 (3 h) and 2.92 +/- 0.99 (24 h) for 99mTc(V) DMSA and 99mTc-HIG, respectively. Our results indicated the feasibility of imaging inflammatory lesions with 99mTc(V) DMSA.

Abscess↗
PubMed1997

Scan findings of various myocardial SPECT agents in a case of amyloid polyneuropathy with suspected myocardial involvement.

A 31-year-old male having familial amyloid polyneuropathy underwent a Tc-99m(V)-DMSA study to evaluate the myocardial involvement. The patient also underwent T1-201, I-123-BMIPP and I-123-MIBG myocardial SPECT studies to evaluate blood perfusion, fatty acid metabolism and sympathetic function of the heart, respectively. Tc-99m(V)-DMSA SPECT showed uptake to the myocardium indicating myocardial involvement of amyloidosis. Both T1-201 and I-123-BMIPP studies showed normal uptake indicating normal blood perfusion and fatty acid metabolism but I-123-MIBG SPECT showed no uptake to the heart, indicating severe impairment of sympathetic function.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1997

Visualization of uveal amelanotic melanoma with technetium-99m(V) dimercaptosuccinic acid.

The possibility of using technetium-99m(V) dimercaptosuccinic acid, Tc-99m DMSA, in the evaluation of uveal amelanotic melanoma was assessed in this study. Both planar and SPECT images clearly demonstrated the tumor. Following confirmation of our results by contemporaneous ultrasonography and MRI the patient was treated with Iodine-125 brachytherapy. In combination with other diagnostic tests, Tc-99m(V) DMSA scintigraphy may play a role in the detection of uveal melanoma and its possible systemic metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome: scintigraphic appearance of kidneys.

We report a 7-year-old child with Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome, an autosomal recessive syndrome, with impaired renal function detected by means of technetium-99m diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (Tc-99m DTPA), technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc-99m DMSA) scintigraphy, and ultrasonography. The altered renal morphology and decreased renal functions are documented.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Scintigraphic evaluation of two cases with alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Two cases of alveolar soft part sarcoma were examined with gallium-67 citrate (67Ga), technetium-99m-methylenediphosphate (99mTc-MDP) and technetium-99m(V)-dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc(V)-DMS) to compare the sensitivity of these three radiopharmaceuticals. All scintigrams were positive with primary tumor, and images with Tc(V)-DMS were the best. Skull metastasis could be also detected by all agents, but scintigrams with lung metastases were negative. In scintigraphic evaluation of alveolar soft part sarcoma, Tc(V)-DMS may be a better agent than 67Ga or 99mTc-MDP.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Scintigraphic detection of recurrence of medullary thyroid cancer.

A case of recurrent medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) was evaluated with 123I-MIBG, 99mTc(V)-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), and 201Tl scintigraphy. This patient had been operated on for MTC in the right thyroid. Recently a left neck mass was noticed, and was suspected of being a recurrence of MTC based on increased plasma calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). He was operated on for the neck mass which revealed MTC, and papillary thyroid cancer was incidentally found in the left thyroid, but the CT and CEA levels remained high, and remaining MTC tumor was suspected. But the location of the tumor was unknown. Although 99mTc(V)-DMSA scintigraphy is generally believed to be superior in sensitivity to 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, it did not demonstrate the tumor site but 201Tl and 123I-MIBG did. Furthermore, 123I-MIBG scintigraphy has greater specificity for tumors which arise in the neural crest. Judging from the results of this case and cases reported in the literatures, both 123I-MIBG and 99mTc(V)-DMSA should be performed in the detection of recurrent MTC.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1995

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of renal parenchymal damage by 99mTc-DMSA planar and SPECT scintigraphy.

The initial 99mTc-DMSA studies carried out over a four year period in 229 patients with various heterogenic causes of lower urinary tract abnormalities were reviewed. Anatomical damage to the renal parenchyma was graded by means of planar and SPECT studies into a six group classification proposed by Monsour et al.: grade 0 (normal), I (equivocal), II (single defect), III (more than 2 defects), IV (contracted or small) and V (no visualization). Parenchymal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was quantitated from planar images at 2 hours postinjection by a computer assisted gamma camera method. SPECT studies could enhance the pick-up rate for parenchymal uptake defects by a factor of 1.5 in comparison with planar imaging. The incidence of anatomical damage to the renal parenchyma increased with a high radiological grade for VUR, and renal uptake per injection dose of 99mTc-DMSA by the individual kidney significantly decreased in grades III and IV of the anatomical classification. These data revealed that 99mTc-DMSA planar is still useful for evaluating gross structural damage and for quantitative evaluation of the kidney with computer assistance. SPECT scintigraphy is more effective in disclosing anatomical damage to the renal parenchyma than planar, although it needs further discussion as to whether SPECT may increase sensitivity with minimal or no adverse affect on specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A comparative study of evaluating renal scars by 99mTc-DMSA planar and SPECT renal scans, intravenous urography, and ultrasonography.

The purpose of this prospective study is to compare 3 types of 99mTc-DMSA renal scan [(a) planar, (b) x-ray type film static SPECT presentation (SPECT-1) and (c) dynamic three-view display of SPECT slices (SPECT-2)], intravenous urography, and ultrasonography in the diagnosis of renal scars. All these studies were performed in 130 pediatric patients, with urinary tract infection (42 patients), vesicoureteral reflux (37), and unilateral or bilateral small kidney(s) (51). The number of renal scars detected was highest with the 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT-1 scan and next came the 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT-2 studies. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the ability of planar and SPECT-1 to recognize renal defects. However, SPECT-2 may provide the best stereotactic localization and image quality of all the methods.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

99mTc(V)-DMSA and 99mTc-MDP uptake and no 67Ga-citrate uptake in a case of primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma.

Tumor scintigraphy with 67Ga-citrate, 99mTc(V)-DMSA and 99mTc-MDP were performed on a patient with rare primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma. While 67Ga-citrate accumulation to the tumor was not recognized, 99mTc(V)-DMSA and 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy showed relatively intense localization of the tracers in the lesion, and were very useful in suggesting the characteristics of the tumor.

Citrates↗