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Results for “SOCIAL CONDITIONS”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Social conditions and paediatric day case tonsillectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a simple method for assessing the proportion of children referred to hospital for tonsillectomy in different areas likely to be suitable for day case treatment based on their medical and social characteristics. METHODS: Four patient suitability criteria were selected based on previous experience of successful day case surgery and a literature review of the prevalence of contraindications and postoperative complications, as follows: medical contraindications (at least American Society of Anesthetists grade ASA2 to be eligible); home circumstances (no telephone, no car and single parent households were ineligible); distance from the hospital (more than 10 miles resulted in ineligibility); and likelihood of postoperative complications. Data relating to the social criteria were collected prospectively from 500 children under 12 years of age reviewed in the outpatient department and under the care of one of the authors. In addition, the electoral ward UPA8 (Jarman 8) deprivation score relevant to each child was recorded and the sample was divided into quintiles according to mean UPA8 scores. In each quintile, the percentage of children with the appropriate social criteria for day case tonsillectomy was calculated. The relationship between deprivation score and social criteria for day case tonsillectomy was determined using logistic regression. RESULTS: The proportion of children deemed socially suitable for day surgery fell continuously from 95% in the least deprived quintile to 55% in the most deprived group (proportion passing the social criteria for suitability = -1.5035 + 0.0298UPA8). Using these findings and those from the literature review on the nature and prevalence of contraindications and postoperative complications, a simple formula for realistic day case tonsillectomy targets was specified as A x B x C x D x 100%, where A is the proportion of children with no additional medical problems, B is the proportion passing the social suitability criteria, C is the proportion living within 10 miles and D is the proportion with no postoperative complications. Values for A and D would be derived from local audits. CONCLUSIONS: The formula can be used by purchasers and hospital managers to set differential day case targets for hospitals related to the characteristics of their patients referred for tonsillectomy. In principle, a similar approach could be applicable to other procedures and other age groups.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1989

[The psychological and social condition of patients after total laryngectomy].

The paper reports on a group of 55 patients after total laryngectomy performed on average 6.5 years ago. Their average age was 62 years. The patients were given a questionnaire and answered 103 questions related to their psychic and social situation after the surgery, which necessitated the use of permanent endotracheal cannula. The patients' most common complaints were speech defects, then a feeling of insufficient air, or "being short of breath", loss of physical fitness, and limited job opportunities. Comprehensive rehabilitation starts well before surgery. Assistance of the family and friends is also considered important, especially during oesophageal speech. The authors recommend to take more advantage of comprehensive spa rehabilitation for patients with total laryngectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Physical, psychological and social conditions of patients with cancer as parameters in clinical examinations].

Measurement of the quality of life should be employed as a parameter of equal value to the response rate, duration of response and survival in clinically controlled investigations in cancer patients. The quality of life must be considered to be composed of a series of various key factors including functional status, physical symptoms, psychological problems, social interaction and the economical situation. Questionnaires which are completed by the patient are the best solution in clinically controlled investigations. These should be made specially for cancer patients and the questions should be made specially for cancer patients and the questions should have a limited number of well defined possible answers. Measurement of the quality of life is a technology under development and should, therefore, be assessed as regards validity and reliability. Investigations of the quality of life in cancer patients should be undertaken as longitudinal investigations among patients with the same diagnoses. Examples of measuring of the quality of life are Karnofsky & Burchenal's performance status which assesses the level of functional status, the Sickness Impact Profile which is a superior assessment of the general health and the "EORTC core questionnaire" which is an assessment of key factors of the quality of life adjusted specially for cancer patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Social condition affects the courtship behavior of male ring doves with posterior medial hypothalamic lesions.

Following bilateral lesions to the posterior medial hypothalamus (homologue of the mammalian ventromedial nucleus), adult male ring doves regain full courtship behavior and the ability to stimulate female egg-laying when housed continuously with females. Males with PMH lesions housed singly and only tested periodically with females continue to show deficits in courtship. These findings suggest that the social environment present in adulthood itself can directly influence recovery from brain lesions. They also demonstrate the importance of PMH in the mediation of male ring dove courtship behavior.

Animals↗