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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Newly recognized forms of colitis: collagenous colitis, microscopic (lymphocytic) colitis, and lymphoid follicular proctitis.

Based on pertinent data from the literature and on their personal experience, the authors present a clinicopathological review of collagenous colitis, microscopic (lymphocytic) colitis, and lymphoid follicular proctitis. The following aspects of these three newly recognized forms of colitis are emphasized: clinical features, light microscopy, histological diagnostic problems, immunological aspects, coexisting diseases, treatment, etiology, and pathogenesis. Special attention is paid to possible overlap between collagenous colitis and microscopic (lymphocytic) colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

5-Aminosalicylic acid suppositories in the maintenance of remission in idiopathic proctitis or proctosigmoiditis: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Thirty patients with distal ulcerative colitis in remission (17 proctitis, 13 proctosigmoiditis) were randomly given either 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) or placebo suppositories, 400 mg bid. During the 1-yr follow-up, patients were assessed clinically every month, and flexible sigmoidoscopy with a rectal pinch biopsy specimen and laboratory data were carried out every 3 months. Two patients in the 5-ASA group chose to withdraw from the study, one relapsed, and 12 remained in remission. In the placebo group, one patient chose to withdraw, 11 relapsed, and three remained in remission. The cumulative remission rate at the 12th month was 92% in the 5-ASA group and 21% in the placebo group. Log rank test showed a significant difference in the relapse rate between the two groups (chi 2 = 14.26, p less than 0.001). No side effects were observed. We conclude that 5-ASA in suppository form (800 mg/day), administered for 1 yr, is safe and effective in maintaining remission of distal ulcerative colitis.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1990

Proctitis.

An overview is given of the various aspects of idiopathic proctitis. Special emphasis is given on the diagnostic possibilities especially the endoscopic appearances. The list of other inflammatory conditions to be considered in the differential diagnosis is long and includes especially infectious disorders, Crohn's disease, post-radiation abnormalities, caustic damage and ischaemic damage. The mainstay of therapy is topical application of measalazine and corticosteroids. In general measalazine appears to be equally effective as corticosteroids.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chlamydial proctitis in homosexual men].

We present 3 homosexual male patients, with lesions confined to the rectum, produced by chlamydia trachomatis. In the 3 patients the lesions were confined to the first 10 cm from of the anal margin, they were nodular, ulcerated and with stenotic tendency, difficult to differentiate macroscopically from a neoplasm. Multiple biopsy specimens from all patients reported chronic unspecific proctitis. In the 3 patients the presence of chlamydia trachomatis was confirmed by staining with lugol and giemsa from samples obtained by rectal smear, two of them presented simultaneous infection by neisseria gonorrhoeae, all were positive for HBsAg and one for HIV. Symptoms were tenesmus rectal urge, pain, thin feces and mucosanguinolent discharge. Treatment with 100 mg. Doxycycline BID for 21 days resulted in total remission in two patients; one patient with significant clinical improvement needed rectal bougienage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ulcerative proctitis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus after ibuprofen treatment.

Rare side effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are recognized with increasing frequency. Ibuprofen rarely causes lower gastrointestinal adverse reactions but has been implicated in systemic and local side effects in patients with lupus. We describe a case of ulcerative proctitis after ibuprofen treatment in a girl with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cytomegalovirus primo-infection in a patient with idiopathic proctitis.

A young heterosexual man, suffering from a low-grade, idiopathic proctitis, who developed severe rectal ulcerations at the time of a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is described. CMV was cultured from the rectum on two occasions. Sero-conversion and the appearance of a specific IgM antibody response to CMV were documented, suggesting that this was a case of a primo-infection by CMV, and not one of reactivation of latent CMV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gold induced ulcerative proctitis: report and review of the literature.

A case of ulcerative proctitis complicating chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis and a literature review of gold induced enterocolitis is presented. Only 26 patients have been reported with this complication. No specific therapy is available, except supportive measures and cessation of gold therapy.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Oral acyclovir for treatment of first-episode herpes simplex virus proctitis.

Twenty-nine patients with first-episode rectal herpes simplex virus infection were enrolled in a double-blind trial of oral acyclovir, 400 mg five times daily, vs placebo treatment. Eighty percent of those receiving acyclovir compared with 25% of placebo recipients no longer had herpes simplex virus isolated from their rectal lesions three days after onset of therapy. The median duration of rectal lesions and viral excretion from rectal lesions (median, five and zero days, respectively) was significantly shorter in patients treated with acyclovir than in placebo-treated patients (14 and 11 days, respectively). Durations of local signs and symptoms of proctitis, such as rectal pain, discharge, and friability, were shorter in acyclovir recipients than in placebo recipients, but these differences were not statistically significant. Daily administration of 2 g of oral acyclovir for ten days alleviates some of the clinical signs of herpes simplex virus rectal infection.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1986

Formalin treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic proctitis.

A 71-year-old man developed severe hemorrhagic proctitis 1 year after pelvic irradiation for carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Conservative treatment as well as performance of a colostomy failed to control the rectal bleeding. After irrigation of the rectum with a formalin solution the bleeding stopped, and no recurrence has been observed for the next 14 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical symptoms and morphology of ischemic proctitis (author's transl)].

Obliterating arteriosclerotic lesions of pelvic vessels may induce inflammation and fibrosis of the rectum and subsequently ischemic proctitis. This may lead to damage of the sphincter muscle and to complete incontinence. Clinical symptoms are pain and bloody stools, as in ischemic colitis. The combination of periproctitis and perianal necrosis may be misinterpreted as anal fistulas. An anus praeter sigmoideus is to be recommended for palliation. A case report of this particular disease is given including clinical, angiographic and morphological data.

Colostomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Primary syphilitic proctitis associated with liver involvement (author's transl)].

A primary syphilitic proctitis histologically simulating a Crohn's disease, has been found in a 34 year-old-man, who is married and father of three children. He presents also a biological and histological liver involvement. He completely recovered wih antibiotics. Review of the literature is done. Syphilitic serology studies and treponems research in rectal discharges should be done in case of anorectal lesions, histologically benign, but of uncertain etiology, if the patients is known as homosexual or not.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Proctitis after fecal diversion in Crohn's disease and its elimination with reanastomosis: implications for surgical management. Report of four cases.

Diverting the fecal stream has been considered to affect the course of Crohn's disease favorably. Adverse effects on the distal segment have not previously been distinguished from clinical signs and symptoms. The course of four patients with Crohn's disease who underwent fecal diversion with an in situ rectum were observed in whom sigmoidoscopy was initially normal at the time of the diversion, became distinctly abnormal during the year after the diversion, and then returned to normal within 3 mo following reestablishment of intestinal continuity. The entity of nonspecific diversion proctitis might account for this phenomenon independently or by accelerating the Crohn's disease process. The inflammation present was nonspecific and did not show the stigmata of Crohn's disease. Continuity of the intestinal tract should be maintained in the course of Crohn's disease surgery if feasible. If a diversion is clinically warranted, reanastomosis should be considered as early as possible despite evidence of inflammation in the rectal mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Rectal biopsy in early Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis.

Two cases of early Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) proctitis are presented, with discussion of the histopathologic findings of the rectal biopsy specimens. Emphasis is placed on the need to recognize this condition in the early stage of inflammation, before the development of stricture, so that complete cure can be effected.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of acute proctitis.

Acute proctitis is a nonspecific disease secondary to many specific causes. These include ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, enteric infections, venereal disease, antibiotics, ischemia, and radiation therapy. Clinicians should avoid making a diagnosis until appropriate tests such as sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy, and stool analysis have been done.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Proctitis and Sexually Transmissible Diseases of the Colon.

In patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of anal-receptive intercourse, a careful but explicit history concerning sexual preferences and practices is required. Clinically, four infectious syndromes can be distinguished: perianal disease, proctitis, proctocolitis, and enteritis. Each of these syndromes may be caused by a certain range of pathogens. In immunocompromised patients, additional diseases must be considered. Clinical examination, a rectal swab with incubation in specific transport media, as well as a Gram stain of mucus or pus from a rectal swab, in combination with a rectosigmoidoscopy are helpful in differentiating specific diseases. Stool cultures and serologic examinations may identify specific causes of colitis or enteritis, but are of minor importance in the case of anorectal disease. Good treatments are available for most sexually transmitted anorectal diseases. An additional role for the treating physician and other healthcare providers is to educate and counsel patients and their sex partners on ways to adopt safer sexual behavior.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[Proctitis of diversion on an excluded rectum in patients with hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

OBJECTIVES: Diversion colitis is characterized by inflammatory lesions affecting colon or rectum excluded from the fecal stream for varied etiologies. These lesions may mimic both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The aim of our study was to examine the excluded rectum in patients with ulcerative colitis, and to study the evolution of the pathological lesions after ileo-rectal anastomosis. METHODS: Eighteen patients with ulcerative colitis treated by total colectomy before ileo-rectal anastomosis were studied. The pathological features i.e. glandular alteration, inflammatory infiltrate and mucosal ulceration or fissure, were studied during 3 periods: initial colectomy, excluded rectum at surgery for anastomosis and rectal biopsies after anastomosis. RESULTS: We observed on the excluded rectum a follicular lymphoid hyperplasia (18 cases), granulomas with giant cells (9 cases), mucosal fissures (9 cases). The inflammation extended to the submucosa in all cases and was occasionaly transmural. These lesions disappeared after the anastomosis and then seemed to be connected with the rectal diversion. CONCLUSIONS: The pathological changes of diversion proctitis that includes mucosal fissures, granulomas with giants cells or transmural inflammation, may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of Crohn's disease. The review of the previous colectomy is then mandatory to confirm the initial diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. These lesions disappear after anastomosis.

Adolescent↗