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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Dairy operation management practices and herd milk production.

A national US survey collected data on herd milk production and management of Holstein herds. Step-wise selection identified management practices that were related to herd milk production using only operations that calculated herd milk production as well as using data from all operations. Results were similar. Milk production was highest in the West. Operations with < 100 dairy cows had lower production than did larger operations. Operations with > 25% registered cattle had higher production than operations with no registered cattle. Dairy operations that reported a mean BW > 545 kg at first calving had higher mean milk production than operations with a mean BW < or = 545 kg at first calving. Operations that reported mean age at first calving < 27 mo had higher mean milk production than operations with a mean age > or = 27 mo at first calving. In addition, use of the following management practices was associated with higher rolling herd average milk production: calves born in individual areas in buildings, calves hand-fed first colostrum, starter grain fed to preweaned calves, ionophores fed to heifers from birth to first calving, DHIA record-keeping system used, computerized records, and no new cattle introduced in the previous 12 mo.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2001

Connecting to success: practice management on the Net.

Profound changes in the way dental practices manage data, patient records, and communication are beginning to unfold. Sooner than most of us can imagine, secured patient medical and dental records will reside on the Internet. Additionally, communication between health care providers and patients will become virtually 100% electronic. As the Application Service Provider (ASP) dental models mature, practices will transition from paper to "paperless" to "web-based" management and clinical systems. This article examines and explains these future frontiers.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1993

Practice management--warts and all.

A recent survey, part of a Practice Management Study, asked 100 doctors how their businesses were going. From the responses, it was evident that there were many areas of concern, including working long hours looking after patients; no time for the family; the accountant does the tax, but that's all; and accountants, solicitors and consultants are too expensive. This article sets out some of the issues raised in the survey.

Australia↗
PubMed2005

Sustainability of farmers' soil fertility management practices: a case study in the North China Plain.

To ensure regional self-sufficiency and adequate rural livelihoods in the North China Plain (NCP), tremendous efforts were made over the last two decades by the Chinese government to raise the productivity of crops, despite increasing pressure on the land caused by a growing population. Emphasis was placed on high external input use, especially for wheat, maize and cotton, ignoring the particularities and limitations of the natural resource base. This study assesses the sustainability of current soil fertility management practices on the basis of selected location-specific indicators, such as fertilizer use, soil pH, soil organic matter content, levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the soil, and identifies determining factors of the yield and environmental impacts of inputs use. Data used for the analysis were gathered from soil tests, groundwater and chive plant tests, household surveys, and statistical yearbooks. Stepwise multiple regression analysis is applied to determine factors affecting the yields. The study revealed unbalanced use of nutrients. Organic fertilizers (manure, crop residues) and K are insufficiently applied, whereas N and P are considerably overused in comparison with recommended doses. The intensive cropping in the area using high-input technologies -particularly fertilizer- has resulted in a remarkable general enhancement of crop productivity and improvement of soil fertility over the years. The yield of wheat and maize has increased 173 and 180 kg ha(-1) annually from 1982 to 2000, respectively and soil fertility status also improved over the years and the values of the selected indicators are within the borderline for sustainability. Irrigation water, FYM application, and total labor used during the cultivation season (with the exception of cotton and chive) for production are the main factors determining the yields of four major crops under study, while popularly and overly used N did not appear to be a significant factor affecting the yield. Its overuse, however, leads to leaching of nitrate into groundwater and nitrate enrichment of vegetables. Of 20 groundwater samples, 16 showed nitrate levels between 55 and 180 mg l(-1), which exceeds recommendations for drinking water (<or=50 mg l(-1)), and 19 out of 20 chive plant samples had nitrate levels more than double the maximum permissible level of 700 mg kg(-1) which causes contamination of groundwater and vegetables. If the current methods of soil fertility management are continued, groundwater and food contamination will increase and jeopardize the sustainability of the current land use systems. Present soil fertility management practices at the farm level are not sustainable. However, there are possibilities to improve farmers' soil fertility management practices, for instance, it is necessary to recommend soil and/or plant testing to adjust fertilizer and/or manure application rates to crops to reduce excessive nutrient input, and to adopt appropriate decision support systems for efficient and sustainable management of production resources.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1988

Survey of milking management practices on large dairies and their relationship to udder health and production variables.

A survey of 91 milking management practices and 5 measures of udder health and production was conducted on 50 randomly selected dairies in Tulare County, CA. Data were collected by a combination of interview and site visit. On many dairies, there was inconsistent application of recommended milking practices such as careful teat dipping attending liner slips, maintaining treatment records, efficient parlor usage as measured by throughput, and use of paper towels. Thirteen of 91 practices were associated with at least one measure of udder health or production; the categories of practices that appear to have the most influence ae practices related to environmental management and practices related to milking procedures. the implications of the study are that better preventive medicine education programs are needed as well as better analytical tools to permit producers to evaluate quantitatively the economic benefit of preventive medicine practices.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1995

Airway management practices in emergency medicine residencies.

The Core Content for Emergency Medicine (EM) recommends that all emergency physicians be trained to manage the airway, including administering paralytic agents for endotracheal intubation. This study analyzed compliance with the recommendations by reviewing airway management practices at EM residencies. All 96 EM residency directors were sent a 10-item survey characterizing airway management practices at residency-affiliated emergency departments (EDs). The 91 respondents (95%) represented residencies with 120 affiliated hospitals. Paralytic agents routinely were used during intubations in 114 of the EDs (95%). Forty-nine of the Eds (41%) never requested an anesthesiologist for intubations, and 8 Eds (7%) mandated anesthesiology presence during paralytic agent administration. The Department of Anesthesiology never performed quality assurance (QA) evaluations in at least 64 EDs (53%). The Department of Emergency Medicine performed QA checks less than two thirds of the time in at least 44 EDs (36%). The majority of EM residencies are complying with the Core Content recommendations by actively performing intubations using paralytic agents. Anesthesiologists are infrequently consulted in residency-affiliated EDs. Quality assurance of ED intubations is not rigorously monitored by emergency and anesthesiology departments.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The 1996 and 1997 National survey of physician asthma management practices: background and study methodology.

OBJECTIVES: To collect national baseline information on asthma management practices by physicians, and to compare these practices with the recommendations of the Canadian Asthma Consensus Conference ('the guidelines'). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of representative samples of physicians in Canada in late 1996 and early 1997. POPULATION STUDIED: Five specialty types of physicians who manage asthma patients: respirology, pediatrics, internal medicine, allergy and clinical immunology, and general practice and family medicine. Stratified sampling by province and specialty was used to select physicians for the study. Weighting was used in the analysis to generalize the results to the national level for the five specialty groups of physicians. METHOD: Mailed questionnaire, self-administered by the respondent; three mailings of the questionnaires were used to increase the response rate. MAIN RESULTS: The frequency with which each of the five specialty types chose specific asthma management choices was determined, using weighted percentages representative of the specialty groups on a national basis. ANOVA determined the statistically significant differences among the five specialties in choosing particular asthma management actions. Then, logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios showing an association between the characteristics of the physician respondents and specific asthma management choices that they made in the survey. CONCLUSIONS: The data analysis demonstrated significant variations among physicians in asthma management practices, according to specialty type and other characteristics. The initial report was released in April 1998, and manuscripts for journal submissions are being prepared.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Model of data structure and flow in general practice: a guide to evaluation of practice management software.

Despite its benefits, the computerisation of Australian general medical practices has been delayed, partly due to user concerns about the format of data dictated by available software and the portability of such data. This article proposes certain essential criteria for practice management software, which may provide a framework for its evaluation by users. A set of simple guidelines for database maintenance is also proposed. The author believes that users should become familiar with basic software architecture and drive the market to develop packages that conform to these minimal criteria.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1999

Using an effective business model for group practice management.

Managing a group practice effectively can improve the practice's bottom line as well as attract a capital partner, if necessary. By addressing issues such as culture, values, governance, role definition, and expectations, group practices can clarify their vision and goals and run their business in an organized, efficient manner. When a group practice's physicians are committed to the success of the practice, they can work as a team to implement efficient operational procedures and optimize revenues. Effective business model components should be considered by both fledgling and mature practices.

Financial Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Financial capital and intellectual capital in physician practice management.

Medical groups need financial resources yet most retain no earnings and have no reserves. Physician practice management (PPM) companies have recognized the need for investment and the scarcity of indigenous capital in the physician sector and are rushing to fill the void. Resources are being contributed by venture capitalists, bond underwriters, private investors, pharmaceutical manufacturers, health plans, hospital systems, and public equity markets. The potential contribution of PPM firms is to nurture the intellectual capital of leading physician organizations and diffuse it throughout the health care system. The risk is that short-term financial imperatives will impede necessary long-term investments.

Capital Financing↗
PubMed2005

The evolution of cotton pest management practices in China.

The development of cotton pest management practices in China has followed a pattern seen for many crops that rely heavily on insecticides. Helicoverpa armigera resistance to chemical pesticides resulted in the unprecedented pest densities of the early 1990s. Transgenic cotton that expresses a gene derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been deployed for combating H. armigera since 1997. The pest management tactics associated with Bt cotton have resulted in a drastic reduction in insecticide use, which usually results in a significant increase in populations of beneficial insects and thus contributes to the improvement of the natural control of some pests. Risk assessment analyses show that the natural refuges derived from the mixed-planting system of cotton, corn, soybean, and peanut on small-scale, single-family-owned farms play an important function in delaying evolution of cotton bollworm resistance, and that no trend toward Bt cotton resistance has been apparent despite intensive planting of Bt cotton over the past several years.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Soil phosphorus, management practices, and their relationship to phosphorus delivery in the Iowa Clear Lake agricultural watershed.

Clear Lake is on Iowa's list of impaired water bodies because of high P concentration. This study assessed soil-test phosphorus (STP), management practices, and P loads from its agricultural watershed. Management practice histories and STP for eight basins were surveyed in 1999. Soil samples (15-cm depth) were analyzed for STP with agronomic [Bray P1 (BP), Olsen (OP), Mehlich 3 (M3P) and environmental [iron oxide-impregnated paper (FeP) and water extraction (WP)] tests. Total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in water discharge from five basins were measured during two years, and TP loads were measured for two basins. The agronomic P tests showed that 46 to 83% (depending on the test) of the area tested above optimum for crops. Correlations among tests were high for OP, M3P, and FeP (r > 0.96) and lower for BP and WP (r = 0.88-0.93). Moldboard- and chisel-plow tillage predominated (82% of the area). Applied P (mainly fertilizer) averaged 15 kg P ha(-1) yr(-1), and 40% of the high-testing area (M3P test) was being fertilized. The mean annual water TP concentration across five basins was 275 to 474 microg L(-1). The two-year mean TP loads for the two gauged basins were 1504 and 1510 g P ha(-1) yr(-1). Water TP concentration increased linearly with increasing STP. Relationships were stronger for M3P and FeP (R2 = 0.96-0.97 for annual means and 0.77-0.79 for storm-flow events) than for BP or WP (R2 = 0.88-0.91 and 0.59-0.69, respectively). Improving P and soil conservation practices in high-testing areas could reduce P loads to the lake.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed2007

Disability management practices in Ontario health care workplaces.

BACKGROUND: Workplace disability management programs are important in managing injury and disability. METHODS: A stratified random sample of 188 employers in health care workplaces (71 hospitals, 48 nursing homes, 42 private clinics, and 27 community clinics) completed a mailed Organizational Policies and Practices (OPP) questionnaire. The OPP asked questions about eight workplace disability management practices. This article compares disability management practices across the four types of health care workplaces. RESULTS: A one-way analysis of variance for each of the eight practices demonstrated significant differences across facility types for all practices, except ergonomic practices. For unionized versus non-unionized workplaces, there were significant differences in all practices, except ergonomic practices. For workplaces with formal policies versus those without policies, there were significant differences in all practices, except people-oriented culture and safety diligence. CONCLUSION: Variations in disability management practices in health care workplaces need to be addressed to provide more effective prevention and treatment of work-related injuries and disability.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2006

Improvement in asthma management practices in child care services: an evaluation of a staff education program.

ISSUES ADDRESSED: The aim of this study was to identify the strengths and weaknesses of asthma management in child care services in the Hunter region and to develop, implement and evaluate a health education program to address the deficiencies. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to the 190 child care services in the Hunter region in 1997 to assess their asthma management practices. Results of the survey were used to develop a two-hour training workshop for child care staff in the management of asthma. District-based workshops were conducted for 535 child care staff (representing 140 services) over two years. Participants completed pre- and post-workshop knowledge and confidence questionnaires. The survey was repeated in 2000. RESULTS: The baseline survey identified potential for substantial improvement in the management of asthma in child care services and in the training of staff. Training workshops significantly improved asthma knowledge and confidence in managing asthma (p<0.0001). The follow-up survey showed that an additional 50% (p<0.0001) of all child care services had implemented recommended asthma management practices. CONCLUSION: The program was effective in achieving vast improvements in the knowledge and confidence that child care staff require to manage asthma and has led to the broad dissemination and adoption of the appropriate policies and procedures for the management of asthma in child care services.

Asthma↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of the Agricultural Safety and Health Best Management Practices Manual.

The Agricultural Safety and Health Best Management Practices (ASHBMP) Manual was developed as an alternative intervention tool to help identify and correct farmwork hazards. A modified pretest-posttest control group experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the manual with three intervention groups and a control. Testing consisted of conducting baseline and post-intervention audits on 150 farms in Pennsylvania. Significant differences were found among groups of farmers who were given the ASHBMP Manual and those who were not given the manual. The results of the data analysis also showed a positive significant difference among farmers who reduced their farm hazard levels through use of the ASHBMP Manual over farmers who received the Control (traditional safety fact sheets). The data supports the conclusion that the ASHBMP Manual is an effective tool for helping farmers reduce workplace hazards.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The rise and fall of the physician practice management industry.

The dominant view among academic economists is that the financial markets value financial securities "efficiently," in the sense that the prevailing prices of widely traded securities fully and properly reflect, at any time, all publicly available information that bears on these securities. Although that theory has great intuitive appeal, it requires intellectual effort to reconcile it with the rise and fall of the physician practice management industry. This paper explores how acquisition-driven firms are valued in the financial markets and what structural factors may stand in the way of truly efficient security valuation.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed2001

Characteristics and management practices associated with milk production in dairy herds in Ohio enrolled in official Dairy Herd Improvement Association programs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine herd characteristics and management practices associated with milk production in dairy herds enrolled in official Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) programs in Ohio. SAMPLE POPULATION: 186 dairy farms in Ohio. PROCEDURE: All herds in official DHIA programs in 9 counties were invited to participate. Information regarding herd characteristics and management practices was obtained, using a standardized questionnaire. Bulk-tank milk samples were obtained for bacteriologic culture. Official DHIA test-day records were obtained, and associations were identified, using multivariable ANOVA procedures. RESULTS: Of 479 eligible producers, 186 (39%) participated, and consecutive bulk-tank milk samples were available for culture from 172 (36%). Streptococcus agalactiae and Mycoplasma spp were not recovered from bulk-tank milk samples, but Staphylococcus aureus was recovered from 64 (37%) herds. Mean (+/- SD) number of lactating cows in participating herds was 97+/-66, with 123 (66%) herds milking < 100 cows. The RHA was significantly associated with number of cows in milk, estimated percentage of herd detected in estrus, reported annual percentage of heifer calves born alive that died before 8 weeks old, percentage days in milk, use of bovine somatotropin during the preceding 2 years, and sex of the person completing the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this study, the strongest indicator of milk production was number of cows in milk. However, merely adding cows to a herd should not be considered to guarantee increased milk production, because other management traits could be confounded with increased number of cows in a herd.

Animal Husbandry↗