Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Persons with Psychiatric Disorders”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Mental health as rational autonomy.

Rather than eliminate the terms "mental health and illness" because of the grave moral consequences of psychiatric labeling, conservative definitions are proposed and defended. Mental health is rational autonomy, and mental illness is the sustained loss of such. Key terms are explained, advantages are explored, and alternative concepts are criticized. The value and descriptive components of all such definitions are consciously acknowledged. Where rational autonomy is intact, mental hospitals and psychotherapists should not think of themselves as treating an illness. Instead, they are functioning as applied axiologists, moral educators, spiritual mentors, etc. They deal with what Szasz has called "personal, social, and ethical problems in living." But mental illness is real.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Ethical principles governing research in child and adolescent psychiatry.

This paper examines the ethical principles governing research in child and adolescent psychiatry. The guidelines for protection of children and adolescents are research subjects are discussed. These include the principle of nonmaleficence and beneficence (the risk-benefit ratio), the principle of autonomy (informed consent and confidentiality), and the principle of justice (fair distribution of benefits and burdens of research). In the light of recent national efforts to help promote responsible research practice, the ethical standards relating to the protection of scientific integrity as well as research advocacy, training, and stewardship are also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Autonomy, guardianship and mental disorder: one problem, two solutions.

The law in England and Wales governing both the provision of medical care in the case of adults with incapacity and the provision of care and treatment for mental disorder presents serious problems for the principle of patient autonomy. The adult with incapacity has no competence either to consent to or refuse medical treatment but the law provides no statutory structure for substitute decision making on that adult's behalf. On the other hand the law does allow a person with mental disorder to be treated for that disorder despite his or her competent refusal. The nature of these inconsistencies is considered and the implications which flow from the singling out of mental disorder are examined with reference to experience in two Australian jurisdictions. The current proposals for reform of the Mental Health Act are then considered in the light of the conclusions drawn.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Informed consent and the refusal of medical treatment in the correctional setting.

Authors note that the legal framework courts use for analyzing patients' decisions to refuse treatment does not accommodate the ethical issues arising when such decisions are made by patients in correctional settings. In lieu of the traditional model, they propose a more cautious approach when inmates refuse life-sustaining medical treatment.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1987

Moving forward with deinstitutionalization: lessons of an ethical policy analysis.

The formulation, implementation, and evaluation of public policies do not typically include formal ethical analysis. Reconceptualizing from an ethical standpoint the historical and contemporary dilemmas created by the deinstitutionalization policy underscores the need for attention to distributive justice and respect for individuals in developing programs for the chronically mentally ill and in selecting and measuring successful outcomes.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1995

Suicide: the interaction of clinical and ethical issues.

Although bioethical principles such as beneficence, nonmaleficence, and autonomy increasingly guide clinical decision making, in good clinical practice none of these principles is absolute. The authors describe how clinical and ethical issues interact in prioritizing principles in the treatment of suicidal patients. For the acutely suicidal patient, beneficence must be given primacy, as it should for the chronically suicidal patient who is unable to control self-destructive impulses. However, some chronically suicidal patients may be capable of resisting these impulses, and in such situations, respecting patients' autonomy facilitates clinical work and prevents the therapist from being drawn into a role that encourages regression. The successful management of the suicidal patient illustrates the need for dynamic, rather than rigid, application of ethical principles.

Beneficence↗
PubMed1997

Adolescents and mental disorder: who consents to treatment?

Although English law recognises that developing adolescents may acquire the capacity to make decisions about medical treatment themselves it does not address the problem of mentally disturbed or disordered adolescents. This article examines the nature of adolescent refusal of treatment and suggests that a line be drawn between three categories of adolescent disturbance--the competent young person who refuses treatment that an adult too may refuse, the rebellious teenager whose refusal is triggered by simple teenage angst, and the mentally ill teenager whose refusal is triggered by mental illness. It suggests that adolescent autonomy needs to be more fully understood and the Mental Health Act more readily used in treating young people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Suicide and voluntary active euthanasia: why the difference in attitude?

It appears that the attitudes of health professionals differ towards suicide and voluntary active euthanasia. An acceptance of, if not an agreement with, voluntary active euthanasia exists, while there is a general consensus that suicide should be prevented. This paper searches for a working definition of suicide, to discover ethical reasons for the negative value that suicide assumes, and also to provide a term of reference when comparing suicide with euthanasia. On arriving at a working definition of suicide, it is compared with voluntary active euthanasia. An analysis of utilitarian and deontological considerations is provided and proves to be inconclusive with respect to the ethical principles informing the attitudes of professionals. Therefore, a search for other influences is attempted; this indicates that psychological influences inform attitudes to a greater degree than ethical principles.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

The short-form Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ-SF): a validation study with federal offenders.

The 12-item short form of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ-SF) was originally developed by Bryant and Smith (2001) and modified and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis with mentally ill offenders by Diamond, Wang, and Buffington-Vollum (2005). In the current study, construct validity of the BPAQ-SF was assessed with a sample of 1,181 male and 435 female general population federal offenders. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the four-factor structure. Tests confirmed factorial invariance across gender for all loadings and covariances. Reliabilities were found to be adequate and comparable to those found in the studies cited above. Concurrent validity was supported by high correlations between the subscales of the BPAQ-SF and several relevant subscales on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). In addition, those offenders with prior history of violence, head injuries, childhood abuse, residential treatment, custody, or foster care as a child had higher scores on the BPAQ subscales.

Aggression↗
PubMed1998

Introduction.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Behavioral Research↗
PubMed1998

Vulnerability: reflection on its ethical implications for the protection of participants in SAMHSA programs.

The vulnerability of participants in Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) programs is a consequence of the illnesses that they are experiencing; ethical guarantees must be in place that ensure the dignity of the persons involved in such programs. Dignity is more than an individual concern; it has individual, institutional, and societal dimensions. An ethical framework is proposed that involves the interrelated vulnerabilities and needs of individuals and communities and our societal response to them. Among the issues given particular attention are individual and community stigmatization, target population involvement in program planning, balance with regard to confidentiality and privacy, the place of proportionality grounded in a rich sense of community as a guiding ethical priniciple, and guidelines for SAMHSA programs.

Alcoholism↗