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PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of degradation of flavonols in the mutants of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)].

We studied flavonol-degrading activity of cell-free extracts from petals of the flower color and structure mutants. The relationship between degradation of flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin) and biosynthesis of anthocyanins has been revealed. The highest flavonol-degrading activity has been revealed in white flower mutants towards all substrates, particularly, quercetin. The mutations inhibiting synthesis of an anthocyanin pelargonidin provide for synthesis of various quantities of cyanidin in the petals. The flavonol-degrading activity considerably increases with the content of cyanidin. A similar relationship has been revealed in the mutants synthesizing both cyanidin and pelargonidin. The plants accumulating considerable quantities of pelargonidin in their petals have accordingly higher flavonol-degrading activity and predominantly hydrolyze kaempferol. The plants forming additional pods in their flower (pistillody) have higher flavonol-degrading activity as compared to the anther-in-petal and doubleness mutants.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed2005

Genetic studies on collar rot resistance in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.).

The collar rot disease has been reported recently and occurs at the 10-12-leaf stage of plants of opium poppy. Infected plants topple down and dry prematurely due to fast rotting at the collar region. The inoculum for this study was multiplied on the cornmeal-sand culture. Genetic ratios were calculated by the chi-square test. Inheritance studies on this disease show a monogenic pattern of segregation with the ratio of 3 : 1 at F2, 1 : 2 : 1 at F3 and 1 : 1 at the backcross. Such genetic ratios clearly indicate that a single recessive gene (rs-1) is responsible for disease resistance in opium poppy. The inference drawn on the basis of the present study will be a great help in the future breeding programme of opium poppy for collar rot resistance.

Chromosome Segregation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Environmental effects on morphine content in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.).

Ten cultivars of opium poppy were tested for morphine content during the past five years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. Techniques employed to determine the adaptive potential (Finlay and Wilkinson, 1963; Eberhart and Russel, 1966), relative stability and environmental interaction showed the significant varietal differences when the cultivars' mean square was tested over pooled deviations as the error term. Significant V- X -E (linear) component suggests the existence of genetically conditional differences in the stability of cultivars. Highest morphine content was observed in cultivar H and least in R. Four cultivars exceeded the grand mean. Within the five-year study period three were observed to have given the highest morphine content.

Drug Stability↗