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PubMedDate not supplied

Biomedical publishing and the internet: evolution or revolution?

The Internet is challenging traditional publishing patterns. In the biomedical domain, medical journals are providing more and more content online, both free and for a fee. Beyond this, however, a number of commentators believe that traditional notions of copyright and intellectual property ownership are no longer suited to the information age and that ownership of copyright to research reports should be and will be wrested from publishers and returned to authors. In this paper, it is argued that, although the Internet will indeed profoundly affect the distribution of biomedical research results, the biomedical publishing industry is too intertwined with the research establishment and too powerful to fall prey to such a copyright revolution.

Authorship↗
PubMed2005

[Hierarchical structure of authors collaboration. An analysis of papers on imaging diagnosis published by hospital radiology departments in Comunidad Valenciana (1994-2001)].

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the different contribution of hierarchical categories in the papers published by radiologists of hospitals belonging to Comunidad Valenciana along the period 1994-2001, as well as their distribution in the different journals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the recovery of the papers sample we have designed specific search profiles for EMI and Medline databases. Hierarchical category of the authors was identified through personal interviews. RESULTS: We have analyzed 417 works, with 1,321 authors distributed in the following form: chief of service, 8.8%; chief of section, 12.4%; assistant physician, 50.7%, and resident, 28%. Hierarchical groupings with participation of residents were more consistent for publishing papers along all the study period (1994-2001). Higher percentage of papers (21%) corresponded to < > grouping. Radiología was the most productive journal (42% papers). All results were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Radiodiagnosis residents of Comunidad Valenciana hospitals showed an active participation in research papers published along the period 1994-2001, in collaboration with the rest of the hierarchical categories, basically with the assistant physician. Assistant physicians contributed most of papers. Chief of section and chief of department contributed fifth of papers.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed1990

Propensity of health administration faculty to publish in scholarly research journals.

Health administration faculty are interested in publishing activities in academic research journals. Perceived institutional quality and faculty professional advancement are strongly influenced by faculty's propensity to publish articles in scholarly journals. A five-year review of 10 of the health administration field's research-oriented journals showed that between 1983 and 1988 publication activity was heavily concentrated among four to seven institutions. These institutions also tended to publish in a greater breadth of journals selected by our criteria.

Faculty↗
PubMed1998

Built out of books: lesbian energy and feminist ideology in alternative publishing.

This paper chronicles the birth of lesbian-feminist publishing in the 1970s, a significant but often overlooked chapter of American alternative publishing history, and one that would help create the circumstances supporting a flourishing lesbian and gay literature in the 1980s and 1990s. Between 1968 and 1973, over 500 feminist and lesbian publications appeared across the country, and what would become an organized network of independent women's bookstores began to appear. In 1976, a group of feminist trades-women-printers, booksellers, and others-would meet in the first of a series of Women in Print conferences that would give a name to the fledgling alternative press movement. Fueled by the energy of the women's movement, lesbians were instrumental actors in a variety of feminist publishing enterprises that, taken together, constituted a unique brand of print activism that illuminated and revised categories of identity; empowered individuals to overcome social isolation and discrimination; and informed nascent lesbian and feminist communities about strategies of resistance.

Civil Rights↗
PubMed2005

Poor formulation information in published pediatric drug trials.

OBJECTIVE: The International Conference on Harmonisation Steering Committee recommends that appropriate formulations be used in pediatric drug trials. However, a lack of formulation research and/or economic constraints means that appropriate formulations are not always used. It is important for investigators who report the results of pediatric drug trials to provide sufficient information on the formulation and method of administration to ensure that the results can be reproduced in other clinical studies (reliability) and, more important, implemented in clinical practice (validity). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether pediatric formulation information was adequately reported in recent published trials of oral medicines that included children who were younger than 12 years. METHODS: Studies that were published between July 2002 and June 2004 in 10 highly cited journals (5 pediatric and 5 general medicine) were hand-searched and data were extracted independently by 2 reviewers according to a protocol. Papers that reported oral medication studies that included children who were younger than 12 years were classified as containing adequate, some, or no information on drug formulation. RESULTS: Of 3992 papers reviewed, 76 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Only 28 (37%) gave adequate information for the study to be reproduced accurately, and 20 (26%) did not state the formulation used. When the formulation was reported, only 37 (49%) studies used a pediatric formulation (liquid, chewable tablet, granules). No significant differences between pediatric and general medical journals were seen, and no single journal consistently met the criteria for adequate information. CONCLUSION: Highly cited journals seem to permit inadequate formulation information in pediatric drug trials that they publish, impairing their validity and reliability. Authors should provide full formulation information in all pediatric clinical trial reports.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Application of gender perspective in papers published between 2000 and 2003 from four National Institutes of Health journals].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the application of gender perspective in public health papers in four journals published by the Mexican National Health Institutes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 999 papers published in the four journals between 2000 and 2003 was reviewed. Two levels of analysis were considered: (a) data presented by sex, providing description of differences between women and men, and (b) the analysis of these differences from gender perspective. RESULTS: One quarter (25.4%) of the articles described results by sex. The largest percentage was published in Salud Pública de México (48.8%) and the smallest in Revista de Investigación Clínica (16.1%). Gender perspective was used in only 4.2% of papers; of these, drug addictions, health behaviour and violence were the topics that occurred most frequently. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to assess the application of gender perspective in Mexican health articles. Similarly to other countries, a very small percentage of authors analyzed sex differences, and a smaller proportion applied gender perspective. Results demonstrate the importance of promoting interdisciplinary research that may promote the elucidation of health inequalities between men and women.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed2001

Technology and archives in radiology research: a sampling analysis of articles published in the AJR and Radiology. American Journal of Roentgenology.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the use of advanced technology and archiving and the contribution of countries other than United States in the articles published in the American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR) and Radiology. We analyzed the association of these features with the type of research, the main technical features of the modalities used, and the countries of origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined the proportion of articles published in 18 randomly selected issues of the AJR and Radiology that required advanced imaging techniques and relied on the analysis of archived data. "Advanced technology" was defined as imaging techniques that serve a purpose other than simple anatomic imaging or that are not widely available because of the high cost of the technology, such as functional imaging and computer programming designed for an individual study or simulation studies. We analyzed the association of these features with the country of origin, the topic, and the methodology used. RESULTS: Sixteen percent of the studies required advanced technology. MR imaging, CT, and sonography were the most frequently used modalities (31%, 27%, and 15% of studies, respectively). Archiving was used in 37% of the studies, and 67% of the original articles were prospective. The articles most commonly originated in North America (67%), Europe (20%), and Asia (12%). CONCLUSION: Only a small percentage of published research studies required advanced technology and approximately one third of the studies used archiving. These results may suggest that other criteria, such as the design of the study, its relevance for daily clinical use, and the originality of the paper, have a major impact on the acceptance of papers in clinically oriented radiology journals.

Periodicals as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Where should family medicine papers be published - following the impact factor?

Academic institutions weigh the research contribution of family physicians and take this factor into account when determining eligibility for the candidates' promotion. Among other parameters, these institutions consider the journals in which family physicians publish. In this respect, the impact factor (IF) has gained a foothold as one of the most accepted means to measure this contribution. The IF may be a measure of the main importance of a scientific journal. IF has a huge, but controversial, influence on the perception and evaluation of published scientific research. It is important for family physicians to understand and be aware of the importance of the IF and the way it is calculated. The IF is one consideration in the decision-making process of a researcher as to where to publish because the IF of most family medicine journals is less than 2.0. Thus publication in these journals might not yield the proper "score" for academic promotion in many institutions. On the other hand, publication in journals with higher IF that are not necessarily widely read by primary care physicians could result in a small impact of their findings on direct patient care.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing the validity of published randomized controlled trials in podiatric medical journals.

The purposes of this study were to develop an instrument to assess the validity of randomized controlled trials and to report on the differences in the validity of randomized controlled trials between two podiatric medical journals and a mainstream medical journal. The study demonstrated that after adequate training, there can be agreement among reviewers evaluating the quality of published randomized controlled trials using an established instrument and guidelines. The results of the study indicate that randomized controlled trials published in podiatric medical journals are less credible than those published in a mainstream medical journal.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Medical faculty use of the journal literature, publishing productivity and the size of health sciences library journal collections.

OBJECTIVES: This 1990-1991 study explored the relationship between the size of health sciences library journal collections and the number of different journals cited by medical school faculty in departments of biochemistry and medicine. METHODS: Two regression equations, including variables associated with a national stratified sample of 622 faculty who published articles during those two years, were used to explore factors correlated with variations in faculty use of the journal literature and faculty publishing productivity. RESULTS: Results suggest that, after controlling for other variables in the models, neither the number of different journals those faculty cited, nor the number of articles they published, had statistically significant correlations with the number of journals in the health sciences library collection. CONCLUSION: The traditional view that the size of an academic health sciences library's journal collection is a good measure of how well that library is positioned to support faculty research may not be entirely accurate.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1999

[The identification and description of clinical trials published in Spanish journals of general and internal medicine during the period of 1971-1995].

BACKGROUND: When faced with a therapeutic issue, the practice of evidence-based medicine requires efficient access to information derived from controlled clinical trials. The objectives of the study were to locate, with the greatest possible exhaustivity, all controlled clinical trials published in Spanish journals of general medicine, between 1971 and 1995 (25 years), to characterize them, and to incorporate them into the worldwide database of clinical trials maintained by the Cochrane Collaboration. METHODS: The controlled clinical trials have been identified by a systematic, manual review of all the Spanish journals of general and internal medicine. The results obtained have been compared with an exclusive electronic search in MEDLINE. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the localized controlled clinical trials was done. RESULTS: 68 journals of general and internal medicine have been identified, only 6 being indexed in MEDLINE. A search carried out exclusively using MEDLINE would imply the loss of one third of all controlled clinical trials. About 16 controlled clinical trials per year have been published in Spain in the area of general and internal medicine, most of them with important missing information. CONCLUSIONS: The limitations of searching only in MEDLINE have been shown once again. There are few controlled clinical trials published in Spain in the area of general and internal medicine, and in order to improve their quality and their diffusion is recommended that authors and editors adhered to the international consensus initiatives that are under way.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Descriptive study of statistical methods in the original article published on the cigarette smoking habit in four Spanish medical journals (1985-1996)].

BACKGROUND: Being the tobacco use a high-priority subject of investigation and having itself increased the utilization of statistical techniques in biomedical publication the used statistical techniques are described and the statistical accessibility is quantified in the original articles on tobacco use published in four Spanish medical journals. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study of 154 original articles on the cigarette smoking habit published in 1985-1996 in the journals Atención Primaria, Medicina Clínica (Barcelona), Revista Española de Salud Pública and Revista Clínica Española. An only observer codified the statistic techniques in 14 categories in agreement with the classification processed by Carré et al (1995) from the classification settled down by Emerson and Colditz (1983). The knowledge of bivariable techniques, to simple lineal regression, was stablished as the reference for the study of statistical accessibility. RESULTS: 81.8% original articles used inferential statistics. The most frequently used categories were "Contingency tables" (37.0%), "Descriptive statistics" (18.2%) and "Life tables and analysis of survival" (9.7%). A reader familiarized with bivariable techniques has statistical access to 96.0% for the originals of Revista Española de Salud Pública, 86.2% of Atención Primaria, 66.7% of Medicina Clínia (Barcelona) and 33.3% of Revista Clínica Española. The same reader had statistical access to 100% for the originals published from 1985 to 1987 and 68.1% from 1994 to 1996. CONCLUSIONS: The use of statistical methods depends on the investigation subject and design, the journal and the year of the publication. The decrease of the statistical accessibility recommends to identify the profile of the standard reader in Spain, to adjust his knowledge to the current biomedical literature demand.

Habits↗
PubMed2000

[Online publishing in the Internet age].

The availability of full text medical journal articles is rapidly increasing with the increased availability of the Internet. The potentials of the new technology present researchers, publishers, and librarians with new problems and challenges. Some resources are made available free of charge, whereas others are distributed as parts of large licences negotiated between publishers and consortia of research libraries. How can researchers maintain an overview of the constantly changing resources? How can libraries cope with tasks rapidly redefined by the technology? And how can publishers survive when production and distribution of literature information, including the handling of peer reviewing, might just as well be performed by the researchers themselves or their organisations? The present paper presents some of the resources available and discusses both national and international projects and activities that deal with these questions.

Internet↗
PubMed2000

Electronic publishing: the movement from print to digital publication.

This article provides an overview of electronic publishing, describes how information increasingly is being exchanged within the scientific community, and discusses the scholarly qualifications of electronic venues. The following content is included: a.definition of electronic publishing; b.uses and types of electronic publishing; c.uses of electronic journals in nursing and health care; d.advantages and disadvantages of electronic journals; e.advantages and disadvantages of print journals; and f.the authors' projections for the future. Hotlinks to a variety of Internet resources on electronic resources are integrated throughout the article.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1995

[Medical books published in North Korea].

In those days, commercial and cultural exchanges between South Korea and North Korea become more active than before. But in medicine, there has been no activities of exchange and we don't know much about medicine in North Korea. We have some information on medical systems in the North, but we know little about how the medical activities are, what achievements they have made and what kind of medical books have been published. The authors classified 575 books according to their specialties and publishing years and analysed the characteristics and tendencies of medical books publishing in North Korea.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[SciELO: method for electronic publishing].

It describes the SciELO Methodology Scientific Electronic Library Online for electronic publishing of scientific periodicals, examining issues such as the transition from traditional printed publication to electronic publishing, the scientific communication process, the principles which founded the methodology development, its application in the building of the SciELO site, its modules and components, the tools use for its construction etc. The article also discusses the potentialities and trends for the area in Brazil and Latin America, pointing out questions and proposals which should be investigated and solved by the methodology. It concludes that the SciELO Methodology is an efficient, flexible and wide solution for the scientific electronic publishing.

Libraries↗
PubMed1995

[Publishing in the native tongue?].

This study investigates the motives of Dutch dental researchers to publish their scientific data either in international journals, written in English, or in Dutch dental journals. Questionnaires were sent and 115 of them were completed and returned (response 57.5%). 108 of the respondents strongly preferred publishing in international dental journals. This option is connected with the researchers' own interests and the perceived importance for their field of study. 42% of the respondents consider publishing in Dutch newspapers more profitable than writing articles for Dutch dental journals. The Journal of Dental Research is considered the journal with the highest recognition.

Dental Research↗
PubMed2002

[Western books on nursing published in modern China].

In 1905, the Hu bing yao shu (Essentials of Nursing) by Chinese Medical Association is the earliest nursing book was published. Beginning from 1920, there are professional nursing books published. After the setting up of Chinese Nursing Association, nursing curricula, examination, registration were unified, and Guangxie Bookstore was the Press to publish nursing monographs, which played an important role in promoting nursing education. In 1949, about 100 kinds of such books were recorded. Among them, most translated books or compiled translations were influential.

China↗