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Application of polarography to the study of chemical radiosensitization of DNA components.

The half-wave reduction potentials of a range of nitroheterocyclic compounds were measured polarographically and compared with their radiosensitizing abilities in a simple radiation biochemical assay for damage to 5'-GMP. The chemical enhancement ratio for sensitization of inorganic phosphate release from irradiated 5'-GMP, increased with sensitizer electron affinity, but in a non-linear manner. An onset of sensitization was observed for nitroheterocyclics with half-wave potentials less negative then -0.05V vs. standard calomel electrode and maximum sensitization, approaching the oxygen effect, was obtained at a sensitizer half-wave potential of -0.25 V vs. standard calomel electrode. Nitroheterocyclic sensitizers with half-wave potentials in this range may be potential clinical radiotherapeutic agents.

DNA↗

High-sensitive determination of coenzyme Q(10) in iodinate-beta-cyclodextrin medium by inclusion reaction and catalytic polarography.

A novel polarographic method for the determination of coenzyme Q(10) in beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and iodinate system is proposed. The stability of coenzyme Q(10) to light was improved by the formation of coenzyme Q(10)-beta-CD inclusion complex. In addition, the sensitivity for the determination of coenzyme Q(10) was enhanced by both the formation and the polarographic catalytic wave of the inclusion complex in the presence of iodinate. In 0.1 mol/L HAc-NaAc (pH 4.7)-5.0 x 10(-5) mol/L beta-CD-1.2 x 10(-3) mol/L potassium iodinate-ethanol/water (60:40, v/v) medium, coenzyme Q(10)-beta-CD inclusion complex yielded a sensitive association/parallel catalytic wave. The second-order derivative peak current of the catalytic wave was proportional to coenzyme Q(10) concentration in the range of 6.0 x 10(-8)-2.5 x 10(-7) mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.0 x 10(-8) mol/L. The proposed method has high analytical sensitivity and is allowed to determine coenzyme Q(10) under light.

Catalysis↗

Determination of the antimalaria drug artemether in pharmaceutical preparations by differential pulse polarography.

A differential pulse polarographic method has been developed for the determination of artemether in its pharmaceutical formulations. The polarographic behaviour of artemether was examined in various buffer systems over the pH range 3.0-10.0. In phosphate buffer pH 5.5/methanol solution (7:3, v/v) the differential pulse polarograms displayed reproducible peaks at Ep-0.01 V versus Ag/AgCl. Under these conditions strict linearity between artemether concentration and peak height was observed in 3.4x10(-7)-3.0x10(-5)mol/L concentration range (R=0.9998). The detection limit was calculated to be 32 ng/mL. The polarographic method was applied to the determination of the content of artemether in tablets and capsules by using the standard addition method. The analysis of tablets containing 20mg artemether showed a mean value of 19.73 mg with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of +/-1.01%. A content of 39.74 mg artemether was found in 40 mg capsules with a relative standard deviation of +/-0.53%. The polarographic method is characterised to be cheap, precise and not time-consuming and can therefore be used for routine analysis of artemether in its pharmaceutical preparations.

Antimalarials↗