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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The reaction of monoamines and sex hormones on vibration pathology and correction of this pathology with anabolic steroids].

The experiment was held on two groups of 40 grown-up white male rats. After the tests had bean finished by means of high-performance liquid chromatography method the quantity of monoamines (norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine) was defined in hypothalamus, and the concentration of sex hormones (Follicle stimulating--FSH, Luteinizing hormone--LH, testosterone--T, estradiol--E(2)) was also defined by immunoferment method in the blood. The research showed that in both groups serotonin's level increased compared with the control group. In the first group its concentration increased to 147% and in the second one to 120%. As the rate of norepinephrine in the first group was increased by 41% against the background of anabolic steroid- -retabolil injections its concentration reduced to 90%. Its especially worth mentioning that as in the first case the concentration of dopamine was too reduced to 14% in the second case it made 70%. As a result of the research it was established that the concentration as T and E(2) as their regulator gonadotrophin hormones were decreased in the first group, but in condition of vibration pathology's correction with retabolil the rate of FSH and LH were within the norm, it follows that the rate of sexual steroids T and E(2) were within the norm.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1991

[The prevalence and clinical features of pathologically abnormal mitral valve leaflets (myxomatous mitral valve) in the mitral valve prolapse syndrome: an echocardiographic and pathological comparative study].

We studied the prevalence and clinical features of pathologically abnormal mitral valve leaflets (myxomatous mitral valve: MMV) in consecutive 142 patients with the mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVP). Our echocardiographic criteria for MMV were 1) thick leaflets 3 mm or greater, 2) redundant leaflet-motion, and 3) echo-density lower than that of the aortic walls. The echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular diastolic dimensions (LVDd), percent fractional shortening (%FS), mitral annular diameter (MAD), and LV mass were compared between MMV and non-MMV groups. Twelve patients (8%) were referred for surgery because of congestive heart failure, and two patients died during the observation periods. Gross morphology of the MMV was characterized by increased surface area, dome formation of the leaflet-body, and non-uniform leaflets in thickness, and histologic findings of the MMV were the infiltration of spongiosa layer into the fibrosa layer. The diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography for the MMV was examined in 14 patients underwent either surgery or autopsy, and it was high (78% in sensitivity and 80% in specificity). The progression of mitral regurgitation (MR) from mild to moderate grade or mild to severe grade was found in five of 26 patients during follow-up studies over 12 months (mean = 36 months). All of the five patients were aged 50 years and older. While, MR completely disappeared in a 17-year-old boy with marked physical development within three years of the observation period. Mitral annular diameter significantly increased in MMV with MR when compared to non-MMV with MR (4.1 +/- 0.7 vs 3.5 +/- 0.4). But no significant changes were noted in LVDd and LV mass between non-MMV with MR and MMV with MR. Of the 142 patients with MVP, 96 patients were non-MMV and 46 patients were MMV. Ruptured chordae tendineae were associated in 5/96 patients (5%) with non-MMV and 22/46 patients (48%) with MMV. Intracardiac vegetations were seen in four of the 96 patients (4%) with non-MMV. The prevalence of MMV in MVP was greater in older patients, and it reached nearly as high as 50% of MVP patients aged 60 years and older. In conclusion, the echocardiographic diagnostic criteria for MMV are reliable with high sensitivity and specificity, and are useful to predict the high risk patients in the MVP syndrome. MMV may be a potential etiology causing aggravation of mitral regurgitation and/or ruptured chordae tendineae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[An epidemiological study on dental-periodontal pathology in a sample of the school-age population of the city of Naples. I. Periodontal pathology].

The paper reports the results of a study of the prevalence of periodontal diseases found in a sample group, aged between 6 and 18, resident in Naples. The structure of the survey, the clinical methods of collecting data and the statistical processing of data were carried out according to WHO directives regarding the study of oral pathologies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pathology of the peripheral nervous system in polyarteritis nodosa: a clinico-pathological study of two autopsy cases].

Peripheral nerves from the two autopsied cases with polyarteritis nodosa were pathologically examined. Case 1 was a seventy-year-old female, complaining of numbness and weakness of the extremities. Sensory deficits in all modality with induced dysesthesia were distributed as a mode of overlapping mononeuritis multiplex in the distal portion of extremities. Motor involvement was also noted in extremities in disarray-accentuated pattern. Extensive steroid hormone therapy was performed and remarkable improvement in clinical sign was temporarily obtained. Relapse with bowel involvement was a cause of the death. In the post-mortem examination, central fascicular degeneration with the loss of large myelinated fibers were seen at the middle portion of upper limbs in median nerve and at the lower mid-thigh in sciatic nerve. In the distal portion of those nerves, diffuse extensive loss of large myelinated fibers in the fasciculus were observed. Some of small thin myelinated fibers in the central fasciculus or distal portion of nerves were thought to be regenerated in nature. Accumulation of cell organelles in the axonal swellings were frequently occurred in the proximal to the ischemic site. Case 2 was a seventy five-year-old female with a both motor and sensory involvement in the distal extremities. Right pulmonary effusion and extensive subcutaneous hemorrhage and necrotic gangrene in the leg was also noted. Post-mortem examination of peripheral nerves revealed a presence of central fascicular degeneration in the distal sciatic nerves and nearly complete loss of myelinated fibers in the distal nerves. Ventral and dorsal roots and dorsal root ganglia were well preserved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic pathology in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Surgical pathology and cytology experience with 67 patients.

We report the pathologic findings in specimens submitted for histologic and cytologic evaluation from 67 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A wide variety of opportunistic pathogens were identified in 41 patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare evoked only a mild host response: granulomas, if present, were poorly formed. Biopsy specimens showing cytomegalovirus gastroenteritis required sections at multiple levels to demonstrate inclusions. Combined histologic and cytologic evaluation can increase the diagnostic yield in pulmonary and esophageal infections. Kaposi's sarcoma was found in biopsy specimens from 29 patients. Early lesions were often extremely subtle, yet distinct from, benign vascular proliferations in involuted lymph nodes. Malignant lymphoma was diagnosed in ten homosexual men who were suspected of having the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The lymphomas were characterized by B-cell origin, a diffuse pattern, frequent extranodal presentations, and an aggressive clinical course with prominent central nervous system involvement.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Pathology and prognosis of colorectal cancer in Chinese young patients--an analysis of 319 cases. National Cooperative Group on Pathology and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer].

The clinicopathologic factors that may influence the survival rate of colonic cancer were analyzed in 319 cases under 30 years old. These patients comprised 10.1% of 3147 cases collected from 13 institutions in the cooperative group. The 5 year survival rate was 40.1% which is apparently higher than that reported in the western literature. Although similar in the primary site of the tumor between the young and elderly patients, their histopathologic features and the number of metastasis in the lymph nodes are different. In the young patients, the main pathologic patterns are moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma but they are well or moderately differentiated in the elderly. The number of lymph nodes involved in the young patients is more than that in the elderly. These result in poorer prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1987

Current aspects of osteoarticular pathology in patients undergoing hemodialysis: study of 80 patients. Part 2. Laboratory and pathologic analysis. Discussion of the pathogenic mechanism.

Clinical and radiological analysis of a population of 80 patients undergoing hemodialysis showed a high incidence of joint symptoms and radiological abnormalities which could not with certainty be attributed to renal osteodystrophy (Part 1). In this same population, laboratory and pathologic studies were performed. Blood chemistry proved abnormal in most cases (fibrinogen, aluminum, beta 2 microglobulin). Histopathologic studies (bone or synovial) were performed in 20 samples. Amyloid deposits were found in 8 samples, and crystal deposits in 3. We consider the idea that amyloid may be responsible for the observed lesions to be an interesting possibility. A better understanding of the behavior of different dialysis membranes may clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Central problems in the general pathology and pathologic anatomy of shock].

From the results of detailed clinico-anatomical studies of traumatic, exotoxic, burn, cardiogenic, bacterial, hemorrhagic, and other kinds of shock (1500 observations) and the data of the literature, the paper analyses some disputable aspects of shock: the role of neurogenic factors and vasomotor disorders in its pathogenesis, shock and collapse relationship, possibilities of shock diagnosis at autopsy, the concept of shock organ and shock cell. The importance in the pathoanatomic diagnosis of shock of hemodynamic disorders (sequestration of blood in the microcirculatory bed, shunting of the bloodstream in vital organs) and of hemocoagulation (liquid state of cadaver blood, DIBC) as well as of rapid mobilization of glycogen from tissue depots (liver) and circulatory-hypoxic injuries to the internal organs. The specific features of the individual kinds of shock are determined by different combinations of the above signs or predominant involvement of some internal organ. The lack of a single complete definition of the shock organ concept is indicated. The importance in the pathogenesis of shock of hemodynamic disorders, complications of the main disease, and pathology of therapy (the third factor) is emphasized.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1983

Pathologic processing of vitrectomy specimens. A comparison of pathologic findings with celloidin bag and cytocentrifugation preparation of 102 vitrectomy specimens.

Specimens obtained from 102 vitrectomies were processed by cytocentrifugation and celloidin bag techniques. The histopathology obtained with each procedure was compared with respect to cellular and tissue findings. Forty-five percent of cases had identical findings by the two techniques. Quantitative analysis of the discrepancies revealed better cellular recovery and identification by cytocentrifugation, and similar rates for the recovery and identification of tissue elements. Qualitative analysis showed better demonstration of tissue histopathology using celloidin bag thin sections. Thus, pathologic analysis was more complete when the two techniques were used together than when either was used alone.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1998

The morphological variants of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: a clinico-pathological study--AFIP experience. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

Many variants of papillary carcinoma of thyroid have been described. Identification of some of these may have prognostic implications. Eighty-two cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid diagnosed at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi over a six year period were reviewed with the aim of identifying these variants. Fifty-eight (70.7%) were classical papillary carcinoma. Thirteen (15.9%) had follicular variant, 6 (7.3%) columnar cell variant and 3 (3.7%) had tall cell variant. The mean age at diagnosis was 27 years for classical papillary carcinoma, 46 years for follicular variant, 61 years for columnar cell variant and 52 years for tall cell variant. The columnar cell variant had a more aggressive clinical presentation than others. Tall cell, columnar cell and diffuse sclerosing variant have a poor prognosis. An effort should be made to identify them on histopathology so that specific therapy can be planned.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Diagnosis of celiac disease and sprue. Recommendations of the German Society for Pathology Task Force on Gastroenterologic Pathology].

The diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) is based upon histological findings in duodenal or jejunal biopsy specimens. In recent years it has been seen that the development of CD lesion in the small bowel is a dynamic process which may present in various histological forms. At one end of the spectrum is a mucosa with normal architecture and an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes; at the other end is the classical flat mucosa. Histological features supporting the diagnosis of CD are architectural changes of the villi and/or crypts, an increase in lamina propria cell density, and an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes counts. Exact histological classification of the histological findings is required for diagnostic purposes and for monitoring of CD patients. This has become possible by using a modified Marsh classification. We present both the histological presentation of CD and the modified Marsh classification, and the most important differential diagnoses.

Biopsy↗