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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Determination of the ovulation date in stimulated cycles with Clostilbegyt].

Modern sterility therapy presupposes a precise ovulation timing in stimulated cycles. The different contribution and importance clinical hormono-analytical and ultrasonographic methods to and for the determination of the ovulation date were tested in 137 cycles of 84 women with a Clostilbegyt therapy as well as in a control group of 27 spontaneous cycles. It was stated that the results ascertained by ultrasonography are of special importance. Nevertheless the determination of 17 beta-estradiol and the LH estimation must not be neglected as functional criteria. In order to supervise the corpus luteum phase determinations of progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol and prolactin during the second part of the cycle are to be included into a control program.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Parameters of ovulation in clomiphene citrate treated cycles. The effect of pre-ovulatory administration of oestrogen and human chorionic gonadotropin].

This study was undertaken to evaluate the parameters used for monitoring ovulation in patients on clomiphene citrate treatment for the induction of ovulation. The mean serum oestradiol level for every follicle larger than 17 mm on the day before ovulation was 1 885 pmol/l. This value is significantly higher than the value found in spontaneous cycles. The maximum average pre-ovulatory follicle size was 22 mm, also significantly larger than in spontaneous cycles. The maximum pre-ovulatory cervical mucus score is significantly lower than that found in spontaneous cycles. The average midluteal serum progesterone and oestradiol values were significantly higher than in spontaneous cycles. These differences should be taken into consideration in interpreting the results of patients treated with clomiphene citrate for ovulation abnormalities and before in vitro fertilization. Seven patients with a healthy cervix had poor cervical mucus scores in spite of high pre-ovulatory serum oestradiol levels; scores did not improve with administration of exogenous oestrogen, but became optimal with subsequent human menopausal gonadotrophin treatment. Poor cervical mucus despite ovulation and adequate pre-ovulatory serum oestradiol levels in patients on clomiphene treatment should therefore be considered as an indication for gonadotrophin treatment. Pre-ovulatory administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin had no effect in increasing midluteal serum progesterone and oestradiol levels.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1985

[Enzymatic determination of urinary estrogens. A 5-year experience in a hospital milieu].

The enzymatic method for urinary estrogens determination from Nicolas et al. has become a useful tool for the management of infertility problems. It can be used for: investigation of ovarian by establishing the urinary estrogens profile during menstrual cycle, useful to: understand anomalies of the spontaneous cycle, explain some therapeutic failures during IVF attempts or artificial inseminations (AID or AIC); prediction of failures during IVF attempts during spontaneous cycles, and monitoring ovarian response during stimulated cycles in order to determine the trigger with hCG; monitoring ovulation during induction of ovulation in anovulatory patients stimulated with various drugs (clomiphene citrate, pure FSH combination of FSH and LH, GnRH ou analogs...) under various conditions of prescription and administration (oral, IM, intermittent pulsatile administration with portable pump with or without hypophyseal down regulation). This technique allows also exploration of androgens after changing main androgens (delta 4 A, T, DHEA, DHEA S) into estrogens through the action of placental aromatase, as well as appreciation of aromatase activity of some tissues in the presence of androgenic substrates. This paper gives the conclusions after 5 years of practice with this method and summaries different works published by the biologists who developed the method and by the clinicians who used its results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Principle and practice of in vitro fertilization. Role in the treatment of female sterility].

In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) appear to constitute a revolution in the reproductive sciences rather than merely a new technique in the treatment of sterility. Principle of IVF: IVF accomplishes in vitro the process than normally occurs in the oviduct between the ovulation of oocyte II and embryo implantation in the endometrium. This 4 day period (under normal conditions in the woman) involves 4 steps: recovery, fertilization, segmentation and transport. Performance of IVF: Recovery of the oocytes: The oocytes are recovered under celioscopic or echographic observation when they have completed cytoplasmic maturation and their first meiosis. A precise monitoring of ovulation (spontaneous or induced) should be performed using estrogen and LH assays. IVF provides an opportunity for evaluating the methods of ovulation induction and monitoring, as a function of the maturation of the oocytes recovered. Fertilization: When the oocyte has achieved maturing after several hours of incubation, fertilization is obtained 15 h contact with washed and capacitated spermatozoa (100 000/ml). This step is highly dependent on gametocyte quality: oocyte maturity and fecundity of spermatozoa, which can be estimated from the percentage of survival in the insemination medium. Segmentation occurs in culture at pH 7.28 in the presence of 5 per cent CO2 at 37 degrees C (pronucleus 15th, 2 blastomeres 26 h, 4-8 blastomeres 52 h). Embryo transfer is carried out when an embryo is present at 52 h. Only 1/10 of the embryo transfers result in successful implantation, which depends on the quality of the embryo; the quality can only be indirect criteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cell Division↗
PubMed1979

[Possibilities of ovulation synchronization in puberty-induced gilts].

Puberty was induced in 39 clinically prepuberal gilts (two groups of three sub-groups each) by parallel but locally separated application of 500 IU PMSG ("Maretropin") and 250 IU HCG ("Gonadex"), with the view to testing ways to synchronise ovulation. Seventy-two hours were allowed to elapse, before 24 animals received another application of 500 IU HCG and 15 animals 250 IU HCG. The animals were slaughtered in consecutive groups of study ovulation and histolotically examined to disclose endometrial processes. Ovulations were found to be well synchronised in the recipients of a second injection of 500 IU HCG. Only sub-threshold effects with no synchronised ovulation were recorded from the animals that had received a second dose of 250 IU HCG. A second injection of 500 IU HCG should be given not until something between 78 and 82 hours after puberty induction for optimum follicle maturation and adequate proliferation of the endometrium.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Results of donor artificial insemination (AID) in 415 couples.

During a 4.5-year period 415 spouses of infertile males were treated by artificial insemination with donor semen, resulting in 210 pregnancies (51%). An average of 7.1 insemination cycles and 11.5 inseminations was required to achieve a pregnancy. Thirty-six percent of the pregnancies occurred in the first cycle of treatment, 71.5% after three cycles of treatment, and 91.5% in six cycles. The abortion rate was 15%, comparable to that in the fertile population. The sex ratio of deliveries at time of reporting was 60 males to 62 females. For selected couples suffering from male sterility, artificial insemination with donor semen provides a reliable and therapeutically effective alternative to adoption.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1983

A new protocol for individualized hMG therapy by estrogen priming and cervical mucus monitoring.

A new protocol of estrogen-priming and cervical mucus monitoring for individualized hMG therapy was devised. Prior to treatment, the amount of cervical mucus ("a" mm3) should be determined. Then the peak value ("b" mm3) on the amount of cervical mucus resulting from the exogenous 2-day injection of 1 mg of estradiol benzoate is confirmed. After a decrease of the amount of cervical mucus is noted, daily dose of 225(1 - a/b) IU of hMG is administered until the amount of cervical mucus reaches or exceeds the "b" value. hCG is given 36 hours later than the last previous injection of hMG. This new individualized hMG therapy induced 51 ovulations (69.9%), 9 pregnancies (17.6%), and no multiple pregnancies (0%) out of 73 treated anovulatory cycles. This new protocol appears promising for prevention of multiple pregnancy due to hMG therapy, perhaps based on the mechanism of estrogen priming and individualization of both daily dose and duration of hMG administration.

Anovulation↗
PubMed1984

Direct solid-phase fluoroenzymeimmunoassay of 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha, 20 alpha-diol-3 alpha-glucuronide in urine.

A competitive solid-phase fluoroenzymeimmunoassay has been developed for rapidly measuring 5 beta-pregnane-3 alpha, 20 alpha-diol-3 alpha-glucuronide (Pd-3G) directly in diluted specimens of pre-breakfast urine. The assay involves use of an antiserum to Pd-3G and enzyme-labeled antigen prepared by chemically linking glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) to Pd-3G. Antibody-bound and free antigen are separated by use of a solid-phase double antibody: sheep anti-rabbit gamma-globulin coupled to cellulose particles. The solid phase, isolated by centrifugation, is washed free of labeled antigen and endogenous enzyme interferences. Enzyme activity in the bound fraction is then measured fluorometrically with glucose 6-phosphate as the substrate and generated NADPH as a fluorogenic indicator of enzyme activity. The assay is sufficiently sensitive (30-35 pg per assay tube), specific, and reliable for routine use, and results correlate well (r = 0.98) with those by an established specific radioimmunoassay. Because it is suited to routine use, this assay may be applied to detecting ovulation, assessing the function of corpus luteum, and monitoring early pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Monitoring of follicular growth. Significance of echography].

Follicular growth and ovulation may be estimated by various techniques: basal body temperature charts, cervical score and vaginal smears examination, gonadal steroids or gonadotropin measurement and more recently, pelvic echography. Echographic monitoring permits the determination of the number and the size of ovarian follicles and the prediction of the time of ovulation. 1065 cycles of patients consulting in an artificial insemination with donor semen program have been analyzed. Follicular growth is superimposable in spontaneous and hMG-induced cycles, but clomiphene treatment leads to the formation of larger follicles. Only one dominant follicle (greater than or equal to 15 mm) is generally observed in spontaneous cycles; multiple dominant follicles are visualized in respectively 11,8 and 24,3% cycles treated with either hMG or clomiphene. These follicles are localized in only one ovary in half of the cases. Consecutive monitoring in several cycles shows that the ovaries do not alternate systematically. While this type of monitoring does permit a reduction in the number of straws used, it does not improve the success rate of artificial insemination.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasound in the management of infertility.

Ultrasound provides precise measurement of follicular growth and thus is important in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility in women. It is also important in in vitro fertilization and in the treatment of women undergoing ovulation induction with HMG-HCG. Plasma E2 and ultrasound are complementary techniques.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis of follicle maturation and ovulation following hormonal stimulation using ultrasonography].

10 patients with normal cyclus, 22 patients with FSH/HCG stimulated cyclus and 15 patients previous to laparoscopic puncture underwent ultrasound examination of follicle growth. The results were good reproducible. Ultrasonic examination of growing follicle should be done established continuously in cases of hormonal stimulation before laparoscopical puncture with regard to extracorporal fertilisation.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗