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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Opposite clear corneal incisions on the steep meridian in phacoemulsification: early effects on the cornea.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of on-axis opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCIs) in phacoemulsification on reducing preoperative corneal astigmatism and to predict the astigmatic outcome of the incisions. SETTING: Royal Eye Infirmary, Dorset County Hospital, and Winterbourne Hospital, Dorchester, Dorset, and the Department of Ophthalmology, East Somerset Hospital, Yeovil, Somerset, United Kingdom. METHODS: This prospective study included all patients (n = 103) who had on-axis OCCIs as a part of routine phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation performed by 1 surgeon during 2000. Keratometry was done 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively. The differences in the preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism and corneal spherical equivalent (SE) were recorded. Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was calculated using vector analysis. RESULTS: The mean reduction in corneal astigmatism was 0.50 diopter (D) (P<.001). The mean SIA was 1.57 D (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42 to 1.71). There was a weak association between the SIA and the patient's age and axis of preoperative astigmatism. The mean change in SE was +0.02 D (95% CI, -0.08 to +0.12). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that on-axis OCCIs are a reliable and practical way of reducing preexisting corneal astigmatism. The change in SE was negligible and thus can be ignored during biometry.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Texture segmentation along the horizontal meridian: nonmonotonic changes in performance with eccentricity.

In 3 experiments, subjects were required to detect the presence of a small region of disparate texture embedded in a larger background at a range of eccentricities. Detection performance always peaked several degrees from fixation. Experiment 1 showed that the location of the peak was not retinally specific; scaling the display changed the location of the performance peak. Experiment 2 showed that poor foveal performance could not be explained by cross-frequency interference; filtering out high spatial frequencies did not lead to improved foveal performance. Experiment 3 showed that the effect is not unique to textures comprising left and right oblique line segments. A parsimonious account of these data is that, at the fovea, there is a mismatch between the scale of the texture and the scale of the mechanisms responsible for encoding texture differences. This mismatch diminishes as the textures are moved further into the periphery.

Attention↗
PubMed1974

Behavioural contrast sensitivity of the cat in various visual meridians.

1. The contrast sensitivity of the cat as a function of the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus was determined by using behavioural techniques.2. No statistically significant difference was found for the contrast sensitivity thresholds at various orientations of the stimulus.3. A comparison of the contrast sensitivity curve of the cat with that of the human shows that the two species have rather different characteristics of visual spatial resolution.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Clinical observations on several meridian loci in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis in comparison with those in female neurovegetative disorder, pregnancy, and the steroid side-effects syndrome.

Patients with chronic hepatitis showed various grades of the pinch-pressure pain (P-p pain) at the right Ch'ü-Ch'üan (Li-8) locus. Sometimes the P-p pain also appeared at the left locus (Li-8) as well, but in such cases the tendency is towards a stronger reactivity at the right side than at the left, and the P-p pain does not appear at the left side alone. These findings offer a noticeable contrast to those seen in pregnant women and in steroid-treated patients affected with an obvious side effect where the stronger reactivity is to be seen at the left rather than at the right. The P-p pain grades were inclined to decrease in severe cases, especially in liver cirrhosis. In general, the variability of the P-p pain of grades correlated well with the process of the findings of the liver function test and of the chief subjective complaints. Therefore, the P-p pain test is useful for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis. Regarding the grade distribution patterns of P-p pain at the Li-8, LI-4, LI-11, and SI-11 loci, patients with chronic hepatitis showed a pattern of higher grades of P-p pain reactivity at the right Li-8 and SI-11 loci, and at the left LI-4 and LI-11 loci, while patients with the so-called female neurovegetative disorder, pregnant women, and patients affected with steroid side-effects showed a perfectly reversed reactivity pattern. These findings can be useful for the differentiation between chronic hepatitis and those groups of diseases showing subjective signs deceptively similar to those of chronic hepatitis and those groups of diseases showing subjective signs deceptively similar to those of chronic hepatitis. The comparison of the skin temperature between the right and the left loci showed lower levels at the right than at the left, and the comparison of the skin pH between the both sides showed a more elevated level at the right than at the left. The mechanisms of these phenomena are discussed and what seems to be the most appropriate explanation at present is offered.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1999

Applied studies of the plant meridian system: II. Agri-wave technology increases the yield and quality of spinach and lettuce and enhances the disease resistant properties of spinach.

Agri-wave technology is composed of both a special frequency sound wave and a microelement fertilizer. In both components, the effect of sound waves on plants is more than that of fertilizers, but the best function is a combination of the two. Treatment by Agri-wave technology stimulated the growth rate and increased the yield of spinach. In small plot tests, the length and width of the treated spinach leaf was 50.8 cm and 20.3 cm, respectively, whereas the untreated leaves were 29.20 cm and 8.9 cm. The fresh weight of treated spinach was 0.42 kg. This was 5.5 times higher than that of the untreated spinach. In large area testing (17 hectares), the results of two tests show that the yields of the treated spinach were increased 22.7% and 22.2% over those of the control group. Sugar content of the treated spinach was increased by 37.5%, vitamin A, C, and B were increased 35.63%, 41.67% and 40.00%, respectively, above the levels of the control group. Niacin content was decreased by 7.69%. Of 33 elements analyzed in the spinach, 29 elements were increased by Agri-wave technology. The spinach was infected with "rot disease" in the control group while there was no disease present in the treated group. In greenhouse testing, the average weight of 3 species of lettuce treated by Agri-wave technology was increased 44.10% over that of the control group (P < 0.0001). The average weight of 3 species of lettuce by only sound and only fertilizer treated separately increased 29.92% and 16.19% above that of the control group (P < 0.0001). Sampling survey results in the field test were comparable to the above mentioned greenhouse test. The fresh weight of treated lettuce by Agri-wave technology was increased 41.67% over that of the control group (P < 0.0001). The fresh weight of treated lettuce by only sound and only fertilizer was increased 30.88% and 19.61%, respectively, over the control group (both P < 0.0001).

Agriculture↗
PubMed1984

Experimental meridian line of stomach and its low impedance nature.

Applying electrical impulse stimuli at the Jing point (St. 45) and then tapping on the skin surface along the vertical lines crossing the channel of the stomach, the line of latent propagated sensation along channel (LPSC) was determined in 51 patients at the acupuncture clinic. Of the cases examined, 98 percent were found to have positive LPSC lines which were basically coincident with the classical stomach channel. Using a low frequency skin impedance detector, the skin impedance of the entire lines of LPSC was found to be lower than its adjacent areas.

Acupuncture Therapy↗