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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Serum prolactin levels in normal women and in women with disorders of menstruation.

The mean (+/-SD) serum prolactin (PRL) level of 78 normal premenopausal women was 10-6+/-3-0 ng/ml, and this was significantly different from that of post-menopausal women (8-2+/-4-0 ng/ml) and women taking combined oral contraceptive preparations (12-2+/-4-0 ng/ml). No significant differences were found between follicular and luteal phase PRL levels. Serum PRL levels higher than the ranges given above were found in 31 of 87 patients with secondary amenorrhoea and two of 41 patients with oligomenorrhoea. Nine of the 33 patients with hyperprolactinaemia did not have galactorrhoea. Only two of the patients with hyperprolactinaemia had pituitary tumours evident on skull X-ray films. Serum PRL levels were of value in predicting the likely success in achieving ovulation with clomiphene citrate or CB-154; clomiphene citrate was less likely to be successful in the presence of hyperprolactinaemia, whereas the reverse applied for treatment with CB-154.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Prevalence of menstrual and eating disorders among infertile women].

Menstrual disorders are among the most frequent somatic complications and symptoms of eating disorders. Since 1972 amenorrhea has been registered among the diagnostic criteria of anorexia nervosa (AN). Although such a criterion is not essential for establishing a case of bulimia nervosa (BN), international research has, on several occasions, described menstruational disorders (in 95% of the cases) and amenorrhea (in 20% of the cases). This study was designed to assess the prevalence of eating disorders connected to menstruational disturbances having no organic causes. Our method was the following: the test was carried out via questionnaires (ANIS, BCDS, BITE, EDI, BDI) completed by patients of endocrine surgery of two gynecological out-patient wards. We have found the following (n = 75) prevalence figures: AN: 4%, BN: 12% while the total prevalence of clinical and subclinical eating disorder syndromes was at 44%. Our findings, are in line with other international findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Medical, reproductive and psychosocial experiences of women diagnosed with von Willebrand's disease receiving care in haemophilia treatment centres: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the medical, gynaecological and reproductive experiences of women with von Willebrand's disease (VWD) and to evaluate the impact of VWD on mental health and life activities. METHODS: A total of 102 women with VWD who were registered in haemophilia treatment Centres (HTCs) in the United States and 88 controls were interviewed regarding medical, gynaecological and reproductive history, life activities and symptoms of depression. Symptoms of depression were measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). RESULTS: Excessive bleeding symptoms were reported in 74% of VWD cases compared with 6% of controls. Women with VWD had a higher prevalence of menorrhagia, excessive postpartum bleeding, other gynaecological conditions, arthritis and migraine headaches than did controls. More VWD cases than controls reported that menstruation had a negative impact on overall life activities. No difference in the prevalence of depression was found between cases and controls. DISCUSSION: Women with VWD experience menorrhagia and other gynaecological conditions at a higher frequency than women without bleeding disorders. Menstruation in women with VWD has a negative impact on life activities. The prevalence of depression was not elevated in this group of women whose VWD is being managed in an HTC.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1999

GnRH analogue in everyday gynecology: is it possible to rationalize its use?

BACKGROUND: The study was an audit of patients who attended the Menstrual Disorders Clinic at Glasgow Royal Infirmary over a five year period, and received gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa). We aimed to identify the clinical indications for the use of GnRHa, and the effect of the latter in terms of symptom resolution and ultimate outcome. We aim to use this information to formulate a strategy for the use of GnRHa by targeting this expensive therapy to those situations where maximum benefit will be achieved. METHODS: A retrospective case review analysis of 201 patients. RESULTS: Thirty-eight percent of women presented with pelvic pain, 33% with disordered menstruation and 26% with premenstrual symptomatology. Overall, 74% of patients reported a beneficial effect of GnRHa. In the non-cyclical pelvic pain group, those patients with adhesions constituted a much greater proportion of those who did not derive benefit from GnRHa than those who did (43% vs. 16%; p<0.05; data not shown). In those patients with disordered menses, there was no difference between the diagnosis in those who did or did not derive benefit from GnRHa. Also with the exception of endometrial preparation prior to ablation and in the correction of anemia, the ultimate outcome was no different in the two groups. Of the patients with premenstrual symptomatology, the greatest proportion of those deriving benefit from GnRHa (41%) ultimately had an operative resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Our results enable us to use GnRHa as a first line in those clinical situations where maximum benefit will be achieved, either in terms of symptom resolution or as a tool to identify the most appropriate therapeutic option. We can therefore rationalize our prescribing both to the benefit of the patient and to our budget.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of the detection of early pregnancy factor for monitoring normal and disordered early pregnancy].

In twenty patients with the tentative diagnosis of disturbed early pregnancy, the early pregnancy factor (EPF) was estimated by means of the rosette inhibition test and the early pregnancy associated protein (EPAP) by rocket-immunoelectrophoresis. The results were compared with hCG concentrations in the urine, beta-hCG concentrations in the serum as well as with clinical and sonographical findings. In intact pregnancies, positive EPF values are an additional sign of embryonic viability. Negative EPF values can be an early indicator for pregnancy losses. The diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy can be confirmed by negative EPF values in spite of elevated hCG levels and uncertain sonographic findings. In cases of missed abortion the EPF estimation was always negative in contrast to other parameters of pregnancy. EPF detection may be helpful to differentiate menstruation disorders and early pregnancy losses. Because of its longer half-life, the EPAP is not such a sensitive parameter for early pregnancy disturbances as the EPF.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1993

[High-dose progestational contraception: side effects].

Progestational contraception (CMP) is rarely used. In France, its indications are not clearly defined. The prescription is justified when there is a contra-indication to estrogen use (uterus fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis, fibro-cystic disease of the breast). The side effects are menstruation disorders (metrorrhagias, amenorrhea), weight gain, atherogenic metabolic changes. Actually, nor-pregnane derivatives, which correctly block ovulation, do not seem to have a deleterious effect on glucide and lipid parameters. At last, it is not sure that CMP may be prescribed to a patient previously treated for a breast cancer.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1996

Ovarian function in premenopausal women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

PURPOSE: Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer causes significant changes in ovarian function. More young women survive breast cancer than ever before and they are at risk of the sequelae of early menopause. We attempted to (1) define menopausal status in the setting of adjuvant chemotherapy; (2) define chemotherapy-related amenorrhea (CRA); (3) document rates of permanent amenorrhea, temporary amenorrhea, and oligomenorrhea among different regimens; and (4) analyze variables that influence ovarian function. DESIGN: We reviewed reports of the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer on ovarian function in premenopausal women. We searched Medline and Cancerlit from 1966 to 1995 on the following terms: breast neoplasms; chemotherapy, adjuvant; menstruation disorders; premature menopause, and amenorrhea. Further references were obtained from reports retrieved in the initial search. RESULTS: A uniform definition of menopause and CRA is lacking. The wide range of CRA rates reported in adjuvant chemotherapy trials is a result, at least in part, of this problem. The average CRA rate reported in regimens based on cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) is 68% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66% to 70%), with a range of 20% to 100%. CRA incidence varies with age, cytotoxic agent, and cumulative dose. CONCLUSION: Ovarian damage is the most significant long-term sequela of adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal breast cancer survivors. We suggest a common definition of the following important terms: menopausal status, CRA (early and late), temporary CRA, and oligomenorrhea in the setting of adjuvant treatment. With uniform definitions in place, regimens can be more precisely compared with respect to this important complication.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of flurbiprofen, tranexamic acid, and a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device in the treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia.

Treatment with flurbiprofen (100 mg twice a day for 5 days), tranexamic acid (1.5 gm three times a day for 3 days and 1 gm twice a day for another 2 days), and an intrauterine contraceptive device releasing 20 micrograms levonorgestrel per day was compared in women with idiopathic menorrhagia. The menstrual blood loss during two control periods in 15 women subsequently treated with flurbiprofen and tranexamic acid was 295 +/- 52 ml and 203 +/- 25.2 ml in the 16 women later fitted with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device. Menstrual blood loss was reduced by all three forms of treatment. The reduction in menstrual blood loss expressed as a percentage of the mean of two control cycles for each form of treatment was as follows: flurbiprofen, 20.7% +/- 9.9%; tranexamic acid, 44.4% +/- 8.3%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 3 months, 81.6% +/- 4.5%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 6 months, 88.0% +/- 3.1%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 12 months, 95.8% +/- 1.2%. The reduction in menstrual blood loss achieved by the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device was greater than that recorded with flurbiprofen (p less than 0.001) and tranexamic acid (p less than 0.01), and was greater for tranexamic acid when compared with flurbiprofen (p less than 0.05). The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device was the only form of treatment to reduce mean menstrual blood loss below 80 ml per menstruation, the upper limit of normal menstrual blood loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Post-tubal sterilization syndrome.

This article presents a review of the literature on post-tubal sterilization syndrome. Although studies have shortcomings they suggest the majority of women undergoing tubal sterilization do not experience changes in menstrual patterns after the procedure, but a minority do. Suggestions are made for further research, conducted from a nursing perspective. Implications for practice are suggested, given the tentative information on post-tubal sterilization syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The origin of stress, its causes, symptoms and frequency of appearance among the students of Medical University of Lublin.

Students in some determined situations, for example before an examination in a new environment are exposed to many somatic and psychic reactions. Stress can be determined (or shown) as a syndrome of somatic and psychic changes which can be the consequences of difficult situations to overcome. Some symptoms of stress are: tachycardia, excessive perspiration, dyspeptic symptoms, sleep and menstruation disorders. Different types of reactions and their frequency due to stress among the students of Medical University of Lublin were examined by means of a questionnaire.

Adaptation, Psychological↗