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PubMed1985

Treatable sensorineural hearing loss.

Sensorineural hearing loss is generally felt to be an untreatable medical condition. However, in some cases, prompt diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition may reverse the deafness. This article summarizes various treatable forms of sensorineural hearing loss and provides illustrative cases histories of patients who have had sensorineural hearing losses that were improved by medical or surgical intervention. Patients with reversible sensorineural deafness due to inadvertent aminoglycoside over-dosage, congenital cholesteatoma, Meniere's syndrome, blood coagulopathy, and perilymphatic fistula all had improvements in auditory function after medical or surgical intervention. Recent experimental studies on animals may explain the basic mechanisms behind hearing loss and recovery. Aminoglycoside ototoxicity appears to have an initial reversible step, followed by a permanent process. Early endolymphatic hydrops and fistulas may cause mechanical effects in the cochlea which can be corrected. Coagulopathy may cause hypoxia which reverses after anticoagulation. These observations reveal that animal experiments can be useful in explaining human auditory dysfunction of the reversible type.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Surgical management of otitis media and otitis interna.

Surgical management of otitis media and otitis interna includes the following options: lateral bulla osteotomy, ventral bulla osteotomy, or curettage of the tympanic cavity. Because otitis media frequently accompanies chronic nonresponsive otitis externa, one of the above procedures may be combined with operative procedures of the external ear canal. Also, gentle selective curettage of the tympanic cavity may be combined with either lateral or ventral bulla osteotomy in the treatment of otitis media and interna. The choice of surgical procedure(s) should be based on the condition of the external ear canal (vertical and horizontal parts), the duration of clinical signs, response to previous surgery, and the familiarity of the surgeon with the different approaches and techniques. With the increased reporting of long-term results following surgical management of otitis externa, media, and interna, more meaningful conclusions concerning selection of surgical procedure may be made in the future.

Animals↗