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[Construction of plasmids integrating into the Bacillus subtilis chromosome through homologous recombination and their use as integration vectors].

We constructed a number of plasmids which integrate into the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis through homology recombination. Plasmids consist of pBR322 replicon, different fragments of Bac. subtilis chromosomal DNA, Cm resistance marker from pBD64 plasmid. Frequency of transformation was 10(-4) per bacterial cell. Foreign DNA (genes for tryptophan metabolism of Bac. mesentericus) was introduced into the chromosome of Bac. subtilis with the help of these plasmids.

Bacillus subtilis↗

Integrated management of childhood illness by outpatient health workers: technical basis and overview. The WHO Working Group on Guidelines for Integrated Management of the Sick Child.

This article describes the technical basis for the guidelines for the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI), which are presented in the WHO/UNICEF training course on IMCI for outpatient health workers at first-level health facilities in developing countries. These guidelines include the most important case management and preventive interventions against the leading causes of childhood mortality--pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, measles and malnutrition. The training course enables health workers who use the guidelines to make correct decisions in the management of sick children. The guidelines have been refined through research studies and field-testing in the Gambia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and United Republic of Tanzania, as well as studies on clinical signs in the detection of anaemia and malnutrition. These studies, and two others from Uganda and Bangladesh, are presented in this Supplement to the Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Ambulatory Care↗

Rural Integrated Primary Care Psychiatry Programme: a systems approach to education, training and service integration.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of a rural primary care psychiatry programme, within a stepped collaborative care model. CONCLUSION: Development of a system-wide approach to the provision of mental health services offers the opportunity to increase the proportion of people with mental health problems who receive effective treatment. In addition, it enables allocation of resources and matching of interventions to patient preference and clinical need. This is particularly important in rural areas where there is a shortage of specialist mental health services and practitioners.

Community Health Workers↗

[New forms of management in dermatology. Integrated in-patient-out-patient prevention of severe occupational dermatoses: cornerstones for an effective integrated management in clinics and practices].

Occupational dermatoses (OD) are the most frequent occupational diseases in Germany and amount to more than 25% of all suspected occupational diseases. Preventive measures have proven to be very effective in recent years, especially measures of primary and secondary prevention as components of a complex hierarchical prevention concept in wet work occupations. If employees are in danger of loosing their job due to a severe OD, intensive interdisciplinary measures of tertiary individual prevention (TIP) are required. TIP comprises 2-3 weeks of in-patient treatment plus intensive health-pedagogic counselling, followed by 3 consecutive weeks (or longer) of out-patient treatment by the local dermatologists ("Osnabrueck model"). Each patient will stay off work for a total of at least 6 weeks to allow full barrier-recovery. It could be shown that 2/3 of the patients successfully remained in their workplaces because of TIP. TIP reveals remarkable pertinent options for interdisciplinary disease management in severe OD in all risk professions. In Germany recently, a multi-centre study was started which will further standardise such preventive measures and evaluate their long-term success.

Ambulatory Care↗