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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the Coulter STKS hematologic autoanalyzer].

PURPOSE: To express the results of an evaluation of the Coulter STKS blood cell counter. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The following data were collected: inaccuracy, carry-over, linearity, comparison with other systems, suspect morphology alarms, stability of calibration, time-stability of samples and working velocity. The protocol recommended by the ICSH was followed for the first four of the above. RESULTS: Good results were achieved for cell counts and derived parameters. The leucocyte differential count showed fair results for neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils; false basophilia was usually associated with the presence of abnormal lymphocytes. No differences were found between adult and paediatric samples. The usefulness of the suspect morphology alarms was also evaluated; they were found fairly sensitive for the presence of stabs, large amounts of atypical lymphocytes and blast cells, and moderately sensitive for erythroblasts and platelet clumps. The predictive value of alarms was found high in any type of pathology, but scarcely valuable when considering the pathology indicated by the alarm, such predictive value being noticeably increased upon associated alarms. CONCLUSION: The Coulter STKS cell counter appears as adequate for the haematology laboratory running daily high number of samples with high pathologic rates.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1975

The influence of physical activity on ligaments and tendons.

Using either a bone-ligament-bone or a muscle-tendon-bone preparation, numerous investigators have demonstrated that the usual site of separation is in the transitional zone between the ligament (or tendon) and bone; hence, the term junction strength or load at separation is used to describe functional changes in these preparations. Junction strength is decreased with inactivity (immobilization) and increased with chronic activity (training) provided that the exercise program is of an endurance nature. Training also increases junction strength in thyroidectomized and hypophysectomized rats. Besides in junction strength, training results in heavier ligaments and higher ligament weight/length ratios. However, water content, collagen concentrations/dry weight or collagen concentration per weight/length unit are not significantly influenced by repeated bouts of exercise. Although immobilization is associated with lower elastic stiffness values (kg/mm), training appears to have little influence on this measure in normal animals. Rats and dogs with surgically repaired ligaments are weaker and the strength results are markedly lower if the leg is immobilized. Exercise training improves the repair strength of ligaments but does not result in normal values twelve weeks after the surgery. Exogenous administration of ICSH or testosterone results in higher repair strength whereas TSH, thyroxine, ACTH and growth hormone decreases this measure. It was concluded that the mechanical stress produced by chronic exercise is an important determination of the strength of repaired ligaments and of the junctions between ligaments (or tendons) and bones.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An assessment of the operating characteristics of Coulter Counter Model S-Plus STKR.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The operating performance of the Coulter Counter S Plus STKR was evaluated in two hospital laboratories in Rome and in Florence. Experimental design conformed to both the ICSH and NCCLS Standards for the evaluation of hematologic analyzers, and to the ECCLS guidelines for the multicenter evaluation of analyzers in clinical chemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Cell counts in K3 EDTA were unchanged over 6 hours at room temperature and 72 hours at 4 degrees C, while MCV, MPV and leukocyte differentials were far less stable. Carry over, precision and linearity met the manufacturer's specifications, while a satisfactory relative accuracy was demonstrated by determining reference values on an adult reference group and by comparing the instrument with the previous model S Plus IV D. The accuracy of the leukocyte differentials was evaluated by the microscope reference method, and our results seemed to validate the hypotheses that the STKR model counts: i) eosinophils, basophils and banded neutrophils among GR; ii) variant lymphocytes among LY, and iii) various abnormal cells among mononuclear cells. However, in spite of this statistical significance, some difficulties in correctly classifying the mononuclear population were demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Inflammatory reaction and laboratory tests: hematologic examination].

The leukocyte count, the differential leukocyte count and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are the more commonly used tests for diagnosing or managing an inflammatory process. Measurements of acute-phase proteins has an advantage over that of the leukocyte count and ESR. Especially microscopic examination of peripheral blood smear can be time consuming, but the simple and inexpensive technique is still clinically useful when a high grade bacteremia is likely to be present. Although the results are examiner dependent, it should be reliable in the proper clinical setting. In the guidelines for the selection of laboratory tests for monitoring the acute phase response, published in 1988, the International Committee for Standardization in hematology (ICSH) considered the biohazzard of ESR. Therefore the ESR should not routinely be performed on blood samples from patients who show a positive test for hepatitis virus or human immunodeficiency virus. The subcommittee for laboratory tests in daily care situations in Japan Society of Clinical Pathology published the "Essential Laboratory Tests" in 1989. We conclude that the differential leukocyte counts and the ESR should be used to follow the activity and response to treatment of certain inflammatory disorders when other objective indicators are not available.

Blood Sedimentation↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of an automatic analyzer of reticulocytes: the Sysmex R-1 000].

The microscopic enumeration of reticulocytes is a tedious assay with poor reproducibility. Its results provide only fragmentory information on the kinetics of erythropoiesis. Thus, attempts have been made for its automation. This study presents results of an evaluation of the first machine exclusively devoted to reticulocyte analysis. The Sysmex R-1 000 uses flow cytofluorometry with argon laser, after precipitation of nucleic acids by auramine-O. The whole study was performed according to ICSH recommendations. At least 2,500 erythrocytes were examined in the microscopic reference technique, after 1 p. cent brilliant cresyl-blue staining. Within and between-batch precision studies gave CV not exceeding 5.46 and 8.72 p. cent respectively for reticulocyte numbers. In dilution study it was shown that no measured result was over 4 p. cent of the expected value, in the range 4-400 x 10(9)/l. There was no significant carry-over in the range tested (35-510 x 10(9)/l). Accuracy testing proved that the significant difference observed when microscopic enumeration was performed in routine conditions disappeared when at least 5,000 erythrocytes were examined. Keeping the samples at 4 degrees C limited the decrease of the reticulocyte number to less than 10 p. cent after 24 hours. Analysis of some particular clinical situations demonstrated the risk of spurious results in case of massive Plasmodium infestation, and the usefulness of obtaining the percentage of newly emerged reticulocytes, i.e. the most fluorescent, for a better estimate of the kinetics of erythrocyte production. This evaluation testifies the quality of the Sysmex R-1 000, and underlines the potential benefit of such analyzers in the equipment of the modern hematology laboratory.

Erythrocyte Count↗
PubMed1977

[Rapid determination of serum iron concentration using bathophenanthroline sulfonate in a formate buffered system].

A simple accurate and very reproducible procedure for measuring serum iron concentration without precipitating serum proteins is described. In the same time, iron is released from serum transferrin, reduced and determined at 535 mn by incubation in a water bath at 55 degrees for five minutes within a formate buffered system (pH 2,6; i = 0,05) including bathophenanthroline sulfonate. This method yields values very similar to those obtained by that of the International Committee for Standardization in Hematology (ICSH).

Buffers↗
PubMed1981

The effect of zeranol implantation on some endocrine glands and gonads in fat-tailed lambs.

The present work was carried out to study the effect of zeranol on the pars distalis of 39 male fat-tailed lambs about 8 months old. The examined animals were classified into 3 groups. The group I was considered as control, group II and III were implanted subcutaneously in the back side of ear with 3 doses each of 12 mg zeranol at 40 - days intervals. Groups I and II were fed on concentrate mixture containing 70.45% starch and 14.42% digestible protein, while that of the group III containing 70.44% starch value and 7.92% digestible protein. Zeranol implants have been shown to increase body weight of animals group II and III. A significant difference was found in the number of the pars distalis cells as well as the histochemical changes in their properties have been observed in zeranol implanted lambs. The STH-cell showed a significant increase in number and signs of cellular hyperactivity. The ICSH-cells, FSH-cells and TSH-cells were significantly decreased in number and exhibited signs of less activity compared with the propriate cells of the nonimplanted animals. It is concluded that Zeranol improve gain, stimulate STH-cells and inhibit the GTH-cells as well as TSH-cells in the pars distalis of zeranol implanted animals.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

Studies on pyruvate kinase deficiency, pyrimidine 5-'nucleotidase deficiency and adenosine deaminase overproduction.

Using recently established ICSH recommended methods, red cell pyruvate kinases (PK) of 20 patients with PK deficiency were characterized and 7 new PK variants were found. Analysis of partially purified red cell pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) from a patient with P5N deficiency provided the evidence for a structural alteration of the enzyme protein. Red cell adenosine deaminase (ADA) from a patient with 40-fold increase in ADA activity associated with hemolytic anemia was purified and compared with that from normal subjects. It is most conceivable that the increased ADA activity represents increased amount of structurally normal enzyme.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Local morphological and functional changes in patients with obstructed testicular excretory ducts].

Following a short introduction to the physiology and function of gonads in men, the authors present their material and exploration methods. the study covered 39 patients with azoospermia of obstructive origin. The obstruction of v. deferens developed in 29 patients after a non-specific inflammatory reaction, in 7 patients after a trauma, in 2 patients after vasectomy, and one patient was a case of congenital anomaly. Concentrations of FSH and ICSH in the plasma of the patients studied did not show any major deviations. Histological analysis showed normal morphological spermatids and primary spermatocytes with degenerative changes in later stages in 29 patients. In the remaining 10 patients, most probably due to the inflammatory reaction and as the result of congenital anomaly, the destruction of the germinal epithelium was evident. Spermagglutinins in the serum of the patients were detected in 56.8%. Such a high percentage of antispermatic agglutinins is meant to be the result of obstruction and the presence of the inflammatory agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of 3 automatic systems for measurement of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate].

PURPOSE: To evaluate three automated devices for measuring the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (VES-MATIC 60, Menarini(R); SEDISCAN Becton-Dickinson(R) y SEDIMATIC, Ral(R)) by comparison with the Westergren method (WM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1576 whole blood samples (VM: 694, SC: 316 and SM: 566) from patients of the Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona were included in this study. In all the specimens, the ESR was determined following the ICSH recommendations (WM). The Student's t test for paired data and linear regression analysis were used for inaccuracy study. Reproducibility was assessed after five measurements of three different samples and establishing the coefficient of variation (CV). RESULTS: Significant correlation was found between the systems studied and th WM. Moreover, for ESR > 21 mm/h (groups II, III and IV) the results provided by VM system were not significantly different from those of WM. Finally, all the systems presented a good reproducibility, although the lower values of CV were obtained with the VM method. CONCLUSIONS: The automatic systems for measurements of the ESR demonstrate important advantages and, from this analysis, we concluded that the VM could be the alternative method to conventional Westergren for the ESR determination.

Automation↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of exposure to TNT on sex hormones in male workers].

Field investigation on labour hygiene in two plants producing trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Henan Province showed most air TNT levels in the workplace exceeded national maximum allowable concentration (MAC 1 mg/m3) and the skin of the workers exposed to TNT was severely contaminated. Determinations of serum levels of sex hormones showed those of testosterone were lower, but those of interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH or LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were higher in workers exposed to TNT than that in controls with statistical significance (P < 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1976

In vitro-metabolism of 3H-progesterone in human testicular tissue: I Adult males.

Androgen biosynthesis in the male gonads may be analysed in some detail by means of in vitro incubation of minor testicular biopsy specimens with various radiolabelled steroid precursors. We have investigated nine adult human male voluteers without apparent gonadal dysfunction with regard to their in vitro metabolism of 3H-progesterone. The following metabolic compounds were recovered: 20a-dihydroprogesterone, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone, 20a, 17a-dihydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone. No significant amounts of 5a-reduced delta4-3-oxo-steroids or oestrogens were found. The major metabolites formed were 20a-dihydroprogesterone and 17a-hydroxyprogesterone, which accounted for 13-49 per cent and 17-47 per cent, respectively, of all newly synthesized steroid compounds. Radiolabelled delta4-3-oxo-C19-metabolites were recovered in minor amounts only, possibly due to metabolic interference with the endogenous pool of cold mass compounds. The individual steroid metabolic patterns were found to be poorly related to the individual levels of FSH, ICSH (LH) and testosterone in the peripheral circulation. Adequate knowledge of the steroid metabolic pathways generally utilized in ordinary testicular tissue in vitro is a prerequisite for the evaluation of steroid metabolism in males with various types of gonadal dysfunction.

20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone↗
PubMed1975

Action of some pituitary hormones on the work capacity in rats.

FSH (50 mu/rat X 12 days), ICSH (in the same dosis) and gonadotropinum sericum (20 U/rat X 13 days) have a prevailing inhibitory influence on the motor activity in untrained or/and trained rats. TSH raises the motor performance but significantly only in great doses (1.5 IU/100g body weight X 13 days). GH (0.1 and 0.5 mg/rat X 16 days) reduces the favourable effects of moderate training on the run performance. A part of these results could be explained by the studied biochemical changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate in healthy North Nigerian university students.

The technique recommended by the International committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) was utilized for determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 'healthy' young Nigerian students living in the northern part of the country. Ninety-five point eight percent of a sample of 188 cases showed values within the Westergren norm for the first hour viz. 2.6 mm for males and 8.4 mm for females. A detailed follow up during the second hour revealed that 80% were within the norm for the second hour. The second hour elevations in apparently healthy subjects never exceeded 42 mm into the pathological range which would invalidate its use as a screening test in Nigeria for a young student population. The effects of standardization of technique and the changing age-nutrition parameters of populations on the phenomenon of erythrocyte sedimentation is evaluated in the context of the view that the 'African normal' is higher than in temperate countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency in Jordan.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The clinical and biochemical aspects of two cases of PK deficiency associated with chronic hemolytic anemia in two unrelated patients are reported. The residual erythrocyte PK enzymes in both patients were characterized by the recommended methods of the International Committee for Standardization in Hematology (ICSH). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Patient (W.Q.) had 60% residual PK activity and may be considered homozygous on the basis of consanguinity in the family. This patient suffered from moderate hemolytic anemia that improved after splenectomy. The enzymatic properties were: low activity, moderate thermal stability, reduced affinity for phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP), and normal electrophoretic mobility. Patient (E.O.) had 42% residual PK activity and may be considered compound heterozygous since his parents are not related. He suffered from moderate hemolytic anemia. The enzymatic properties were: low activity, moderate thermal stability, reduced affinity for PEP and minimal retardation in electrophoretic migration. Theses two cases of PK deficiency are the first to be discovered in Jordan and probably the first in any Arab country.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Suggested reference ranges in clinical chemistry for apparently healthy males and females of Pakistan.

Seven hundred and eighty six apparently healthy males (418) and females (368) aged 0-69 years were randomly selected for estimation of reference ranges of 24 serum analytes at the clinical chemistry laboratory of The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). Of the total study samples, 56% (439/786) were in the paediatric age group (0-14 years) and 44% (347/786) in the adult (15 > or = 60 years) group. Beckman Astra Ideal Autoanalyzer was used for all the estimations. Mean and standard deviations (SD) were calculated for each of the age groups. Reference ranges were calculated following standard methods of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) and International Committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Enumeration of platelets by multiparameter flow cytometry using platelet-specific antibodies and fluorescent reference particles.

The correct enumeration of platelets is still an elusive matter. This is mainly due to the fact that commercial instruments which are used for platelet counting cannot discriminate platelets from other cellular particles and precipitates that cause similar signals. Visual (chamber counting) methods are still frequently used in routine laboratories to verify low automated platelet counts (< 50 x 10/l) despite obvious technical and statistical drawbacks. The following report shows how platelet counts can be measured by multiparameter flow cytometry with the help of reference particles (fluorescent latex beads) and platelet-specific antibodies i.e. anti-GPIIb/IIIa(CD41a), anti-GP Ib-alpha (CD42b) and anti-GP IIIa (CD61). The linearity of this method was highly satisfactory and the observed imprecision was within acceptable limits. At a platelet concentration of 10 x 10(9)/l the coefficient of variation (CV, n = 10) ranged from 5.3% (PCV = 0.456) to 5.6% (PCV = 0.148). Accuracy was evaluated by comparing results to the ICSH-selected method for platelet counting. The correlation of both methods was significant (P < 0.005) and Passing-Bablok's linear regression analysis showed no systematic differences between the two methods. Comparisons of this new platelet counting technique were also performed with routine visual methods, automated blood analysers (Technicon H-1, Sysmex E-5000) and a different flow cytometric method using only forward and side light scatter properties of platelets for their discrimination. The linear correlation of all methods was significant (P < 0.01) at platelet concentrations above 50 x 10(9)/l. At lower platelet concentrations, our new platelet counting technique correlated significantly only with the visual and the forward/side scatter methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies↗
PubMed1995

The role of standardization in quality assurance.

The main organizations involved in standardization of laboratory medicine are described. At the international level these are mainly: ISO, IEC, WHO, ICSH, IFCC and COWS/WASP, while at the European level CEN, CENELEC and BCR are involved in standardization activities in Europe. At the present the European Commission is preparing a directive on in vitro diagnostic. This document will rely, for its implementation, on standards prepared by CEN/CENELEC.

Europe↗