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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of intensive immunosuppression on the course of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

39 patients with chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis were treated with a short course of intensive immunosuppression in high doses of cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The follow-up period varied between 1 and 5 years with a mean of 21/2 years. Progression of the disease ceased in 27 patients for varying periods, with a mean of two years. In 13 patients the progression ceased during the whole follow-up period. The treatment gave the most favourable results in patients who were DRw2 positive in histocompatibility testing, whose disease started at an early age (around 28 years), whose disease duration before treatment was short (6 years), whose progression was fast and whose disability before treatment was low. If CSF levels of IgG3 months after the treatment remain low, this is a sign of good prognosis.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1992

Long-term follow-up after transplantation of insulin-producing pancreatic islets into patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Purified human islets and a kidney from the same donor were transplanted into four patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Two of the patients received additional islets that were isolated from multiple donors, cryopreserved, and stored in a tissue bank. The islets were embolized into the liver via the portal vein. Immunosuppression was induced with antilymphocyte globulin and maintained with azathioprine, prednisone and cyclosporine. In the first two patients, fasting serum C-peptide rose to levels of 0.5-2.0 ng/ml during the first 4-8 weeks and mixed meal feeding elicited increases to 2-3 ng/ml. C-peptide secretion persisted for 8 months, but at progressively lower levels and insulin therapy could not be withdrawn. In the next two patients who received cryopreserved islets in addition to fresh islets, serum C-peptide levels (fasting/post-meal) rose to 4-7 ng/ml and serum glucose was more stable, allowing withdrawal of insulin therapy after 69 days in one patient, and reduced insulin doses in the other. The insulin-independent patient has maintained normal fasting glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance at 1 year following cessation of daily insulin therapy. Episodes of renal graft rejection occurred in three patients, including the insulin-independent patient. High-dose steroid therapy reversed the rejection in all instances, with apparent preservation of C-peptide secretion. These data show that transplantation of purified freshly-prepared and cryopreserved islets into Type 1 diabetic patients results in prolonged insulin secretion, and that sufficient function could be provided in one patient to sustain euglycaemia in the absence of insulin therapy at 1 year of follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Arthropathy in idiopathic hemochromatosis].

In 22 of 35 patients (63%) with idiopathic hemochromatosis arthropathy could be demonstrated. In 20 patients the metacarpophalangeal joints (mainly II and III) with preference of the right hand were affected. Chondrocalcinosis of the wrist and knee was found both in two patients with metacarpophalangeal joint disease and in two patients without metacarpophalangeal disease. Further joints affected were the wrists (14), the other finger joints (11), and the knees (6). The dominant clinical complaint was pain in motion. Swelling and redness were rare findings only in case of acute exacerbations. The radiologic changes in the metacarpophalangeal joints were narrowing of the joint spaces, subchondral cysts, sclerosis of subchondral bone of metacarpal heads, and marginal osteophytic appositions at the joints. In one third of the patients arthropathy was evident before the diagnosis of idiopathic hemochromatosis was made. Histocompatibility testing confirmed that HLA-A3 is significantly more frequent in patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis than in normal persons. A statistically significant difference concerning HLA-phenotypes between patients with arthropathy and patients without arthropathy could not be detected. There was no case of arthropathy when 98 relatives of the patients were examined. However, idiopathic hemochromatosis was first detected in ten persons of this group.

Chondrocalcinosis↗
PubMed1986

A standard microcytotoxicity technique for quantitative analysis of lymphocyte subsets. A comparison with indirect immunofluorescence, evaluated by microscopy or flow cytometry.

A standard complement-dependent microcytotoxicity (CDC) technique was used for quantitative analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets in human peripheral blood and the results compared to those obtained by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8 were used in the CDC method for detection of total-T cells, T-helper and T-suppressor cells respectively. The CDC technique provided reproducible results (CV, 3-7%) correlating well with both immunofluorescence techniques. This observation was valid both for healthy persons (n = 21) and for patients (n = 10) with immunological disorders. The correct antibody dilution, correction for background and the use of eosin staining are considered critical for the usefulness of this technique. The method has several advantages: it is widely used for histocompatibility testing, only simple equipment is necessary, and the amount of monoclonal antibody required per test is small.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Molecular complexity of HLA-DQw3: the TA10 determinant is located on a subset of DQw3 beta chains.

In attempts to examine the relationships between serologic and structural polymorphisms of HLA-DQ molecules we have analyzed several monoclonal antibodies generated against polymorphic determinants on HLA-DQ molecules. One antibody, SFR20-DQw3, has a serologic reactivity like that of the previously characterized anti-DQw3-like monoclonal antibody, IVD12, but differs from IVD12 in its affinity for DQw3 molecules associated with DR4 and DRw9 haplotypes. Two other monoclonal antibodies have identical serologic and molecular specificity, and react with a subset of DQw3 positive cells; they have been designated SFR20-DQ beta 5. Biochemical analysis of the DQ molecules carried by DQw3-positive cell lines associated with different DR haplotypes (DR4, DR5, DRw8, DRw9, DRw12), reveal the presence of at least three different kinds of beta chains carrying the DQw3 epitope. All the cell lines bound by SFR20-DQ beta 5 (DR5, DRw8, and DRw12) possess DQ beta chains of indistinguishable electrophoretic mobility, which are different from the DQ beta chains of DQw3 cell lines not bound by this antibody while DQw3 beta chains carried by DR4 and DRw9 haplotypes are distinct from DQ beta 5-positive BLCL and from each other. The serologic reactivity of antibody DQ beta 5 correlates perfectly with an RFLP of the DQ beta gene designated DQw3.1 (Kim et al.: PNAS 828139, 1985), and with the serologic specificity TA10 as defined during the Ninth International Workshop (Schreuder GMT et al.: Histocompatibility Testing 1984). SFR20-DQ beta 5 reacts with a separated beta chain by Western blot analysis. The finding of indistinguishable beta chain electrophoretic mobility for all DQ beta 5/TA10 positive cell lines tested provide the molecular basis for these specificities, and strongly suggest that antibody SFR26-DQ beta 5 detects a single allele of the multiple DQ beta alleles which can contribute to the formation of the DQw3 specificity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2004

Embryo screening for tissue matching.

Parents with children who need a hematopoietic stem cell transplant are increasingly using preimplantation genetic diagnosis to have a well-matched sibling donor. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis may ethically be used for this purpose even if the resulting child is not at risk of inheritable disease.

Blastula↗
PubMed2000

Probability of finding HLA-mismatched related or unrelated marrow or cord blood donors.

Given recent improvements in the technology of transplantation and histocompatibility testing, it is now possible to contemplate using related or unrelated allogeneic hematologic stem cell donors with high degrees of HLA disparity. This paper is a follow-up of an earlier publication on the probability of finding a matched donor (Transplantation 60:778-783, 1995) and addresses the probability of finding a partially mismatched donor. Assuming that a four of six antigen HLA-A, -B, -DR match is acceptable, it is possible to find unrelated donors for patients of any race from a putative registry with fewer than 10,000 potential donors. Further, storing cord blood from newborns in families with a known genetic disease would yield an acceptable future stem cell transplant product in nearly 40% of cases. These results show the potential impact of cord blood donors and emphasize the importance of improvements in transplantation using partially mismatched donors.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1994

Red cell antibody screening, red cell antibody identification and compatibility testing with the Column Agglutination Technology (CAT). The Bio Vue system.

A new system for irregular antibody screening was described in 1993 by Reis K.J. This test is performed in a microcolumn prefilled with glass microbeads in suspension in a neutral or Anti Human Globulin isotonic solution. When the red cells are sensitized they are trapped by the microbead suspension during column centrifugation. 21365 irregular antibody screenings were performed with this Column Agglutination Technology (CAT) and the results were compared to those obtained with conventional manual tests. The CAT was more efficient than the manual tests. The number of positive samples containing specific antibodies was higher with CAT tests (924 samples) than with manual tests (802 samples). The CAT is easy to perform and the elimination of washing steps decreases the overall test time. It allows the use of this test for pre-transfusion compatibility testing particularly in emergency transfusion cases. The red cell age and more generally the red cell storage conditions seem to be an influential parameter on the percentage of unspecific reactions. In this study the unspecific reaction rate was low but we used only reagent red cells prepared every day. This new technology may be considered as an alternative technology to the Gel Test in Blood Transfusion security.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1999

A nucleotide deletion in exon 4 is responsible for an HLA-A null allele (A*0105N).

We report herein the identification of a new HLA-A null allele. This allele, A*0105N, was detected during histocompatibility testing of a cord blood donor and the respective mother. Serologic typing results contrasted those obtained with DNA typing that alone showed the presence of HLA-A*01. ThisA*0105N was due to a nucleotide deletion in exon 4 that altered the reading frame, causing a premature termination.

Alleles↗