Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Hand Joints”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Tissue-derived macromolecules and markers of inflammation in serum in early rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to development of joint destruction in hands and feet.

We have previously shown that serum concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) are increased early in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who subsequently develop advanced large-joint destruction. A prognostic value for joint damage of serum concentrations of hyaluronan (HA) is also suggested by previous studies. In contrast, serum concentrations of bone sialoprotein (BSP) have not been useful for identifying patients with progressive large-joint destruction. In the present study, we have examined the hypothesis that serum concentrations of these tissue-derived markers are of prognostic value in RA for the development of radiographically detectable joint damage in hands and feet. Serum concentrations of COMP, HA and BSP were quantified in samples obtained from 62 patients within the first year after onset of RA and were related to the development of radiographically detectable damage in these joints after 5 yr. Neither the serum concentrations of COMP nor of BSP at inclusion predicted joint damage in hands and feet after 5 yr, and the concentration of these proteins did not change over the 5 yr period. However, the serum concentration of HA at inclusion correlated with the radiographic score at the 5 yr follow-up (r = 0.425, P < 0.01), but was not a better predictor in this respect than the erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein levels at inclusion. Thus, serum concentrations of the three studied tissue-derived macromolecules were in this study not useful for identifying patients prone to small-joint destruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Functional morphology of forelimb joints in the woolly monkey Lagothrix lagothricha.

This gross anatomical study of embalmed forelimb joints of the South American woolly monkey Lagothrix lagothricha focuses on the problem of determining in osteoligamentous preparations how the disposition of the capsular apparatus and the geometry of the articular surfaces govern the amount and types of movement permitted at a joint, and then correlates these findings with the use of the forelimb in the positional capabilities of captive wooly monkeys observed by this author. Data collection was by dissection, quantitative range of motion studies on osteoligamentous preparations, and by qualitative manipulations of these preparations and of disarticulated bones. Supplemental evidence was obtained from radiographs and from an estimate of angular values of articular surfaces. Presented for the shoulder, elbow, radioulnar, and hand joint complexes are the functional anatomy of the capsular apparatus and articular surfaces, the quantitative range of motion data, and proposed mechanisms of movement that combine the functional morphology with the observed use of the forelimb in activities by the animal. The structurofunctional framework of MacConaill is the basis for the joint analysis. The evidence suggests that the functional anatomy of these joints correlates well with the possible positional capabilities of Lagothrix. The morphology of the capsular apparatus and joint surfaces reflect both the arboreal quadrupedalism and forelimb suspension of the woolly monkey. The positions of maximum congruency and close-pack approximate the forelimb's weight-bearing stance during palmigrade arboreal quadrupedalism. During forelimb suspension, the taut and twisted capsular apparatus of close-packed joints maintains the integrity of forelimb links in tension. This is the first known report of the internal band of the collateral ligament of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the second through fifth digits being incorporated into the terminal tendon of the extensor assembly. This author believes this is a mechanism not only for maintaining the integrity of these joints during forelimb suspensory activities when the body is supported by the middle phalanges, but also for helping to coordinate the flexion-extension actions of the phalanges for smooth grasping and release maneuvers in an arboreal environment. When sufficient comparative data have been collected, such correlations of the functional morphology of joints with positional behavior may be used to postulate positional capabilities of fossil primates.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗
PubMed1989

[Role of orthosis in the treatment of stiffness of the hand].

The statistical analysis of results obtained with splinting treatment of finger and hand stiffness, and derived from a series of 635 motion range measurements taken on 249 hand joints, provided us with sufficient data to identify the various factors likely to have an impact on the therapeutic outcome. A mean increase of 25.8% in the range of movements is enough to justify the use of orthosis, although this figure actually varies substantially with the patient's age, the duration of the stiffness, the latter's degree and origin, the joint involved, and the duration of the orthotic treatment. An analysis of the time factor enabled us to establish the date beyond which changes for recovery are quite limited, whereby allowing to schedule surgical mobilization.

Hand Deformities↗
PubMed2001

Prevalence of hand x-ray abnormalities in female patients with osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to determine the patho-anatomical features of oseoarthritis by means of hand radiographs. METHODS: Individual hand joint radiographs of 38 female patients (33 bilateral, 5 unilateral, aged 50-80 years) were utilized for grade, incidence and localization of osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis and erosion. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that the most frequent osteophytes were in the distal interphalangeal of ring (38%), the least frequent ones in the proximal interphalangeal of little (1%). In addition, the joint space narrowing was most frequent found in the distal interphalangeal of little (93%), the least frequently in the metacarpophalangeal of ring (25%). Subchondral sclerosis was most frequently seen in the distal interphalangeal of index (70%), the least in the metacarpophalangeal of little 35%). Erosion was most prevalent in the distal interphalangeal of index (65%), and least in the metacarpophalangeal of thumb (1%). CONCLUSION: This study was carried out to determine the radiographic characteristics of osteoarthritis by means of hand radiographs.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Exercise effect on strength and range of motion of hand intrinsic muscles and joints.

The intrinsic muscles of the hand are largely neglected in training, mainly because certain biomechanical principles must be applied in order for these muscles to be involved in hand exercises. Following these principles, a system of stretching and isometric exercises was developed. Twelve men exercised for four weeks, three times daily. Significant improvement in seven out of the 12 strength measurements was noted. Exercise seemed to affect just the metacarpophalangeal joints range of motion, while distal and proximal interphalangeal joints remained largely unaffected.

Finger Joint↗
PubMed1996

Prognostic value of contrast enhanced Gd-DTPA MRI for development of bone erosive changes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Conventional radiograms have been used to quantitate the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, mainly through the assessment of bone erosions, but this approach has many limitations. It has been suggested that an advantage of contrast-enhanced Gd-DTPA MRI over radiography may be its prognostic value due to its ability to show the natural history of active destructive to inactive fibrous pannus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible prognostic value of MRI for future development of bone erosive changes in small hand joints in patients with RA. The results of the study confirm that in joints in which inflammatory active pannus is shown by contrast-enhanced MRI, progression of bone-destructive changes can be expected.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2000

Session 2: clinical aspects. Clinical assessment of hand OA.

The aim of the session was to discuss the current definitions of and criteria for hand osteoarthritis (OA) and to review the tools proposed for the clinical assessment of hand OA in research and trials. The American College of Rheumatology criteria for the classification and reporting of hand OA were discussed and their limitations noted; specifically, they are designed for symptomatic OA and based on physical examination. The differences between erosive and non-erosive hand OA were discussed as was the relationship between hand OA and generalized OA, since hand OA represents a generalized OA of hand joints and can be considered as a marker for developing generalized OA (i.e. OA at other sites). Different clinical tools to assess patients were presented and discussed, such as pain assessment, Dreiser's functional index or Bellamy's AUSCAN for function assessment, assessment of the mobility, stiffness, inflammation and aesthetic damages. The agreements, disagreements and further studies to be performed to answer questions still debated are presented.

Hand Deformities, Acquired↗
PubMed1978

Hand function after metacarpophalangeal joint replacement in rheumatoid arthritis.

Hand function, determined by a standardized test, was compared before and after total metacarpophalangeal joint replacement with the Swanson Silastic rubber metacarpophalangeal prosthesis in patients with destructive rheumatoid arthritis. Two groups of rheumatoid patients were tested. Group 1 consisted of 10 patients who were examined 3 to 4 months after surgery. Group 2 included 11 patients who were evaluated 6 to 12 months postoperatively. Each group represented 43 prosthetic replacement procedures performed on 12 hands. Results indicate substantial postoperative improvement in tip prehension and grasp, while performance remained essentially unchanged for lateral prehension, pinch force, and power grip. A postoperative program of therapeutic exercises, functional hand activities and splinting is discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1993

Stereoradiogrammetric technique for estimating alignment of the joints in the hand and wrist.

A method and apparatus for quantitative measurement of the alignment and motion of the joints of the hand in three dimensions has been developed using stereoradiogrammetric principles. Alignment in planes of flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation can be determined to within 2.5 degrees; rotation about the long axis of the metacarpals or phalanges is more difficult to determine, and can be measured to within 7 degrees. Stereo views subtending angles in the range of 40 degrees were found to optimize the total system accuracy.

Calibration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudo-knuckle pads: an unusual cutaneous sign of obsessive-compulsive disorder in an adolescent patient.

Knuckle pads are discrete benign cutaneous lesions overlying the extensor surfaces of the fingers and hand joints and are unrelated to trauma, whereas pseudo-knuckle pads may be considered as a form of callosity that appears after repeated trauma. This type of knuckle pad has been described in children with obsessive behavior as "chewing pads" and in adults as occupational disorder. Cases of pachydermodactyly, benign fibromatosis of the fingers, have been described as the unusual forms of knuckle pads that usually affect young adult males. We believe that pseudo-knuckle pads, chewing pads or pachydermodactyly are terms which have been used to decribe the same clinical situation reported in different patients. Here we describe a 12-year-old male patient with pseudo-knuckle pads along the metacarpophalangeal joints developed secondary to repeated trauma reflecting obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by a tic-like habit. He received fluvaksamine 25 mg/day. The lesions started to disappear after three months of therapy. The recognition of pseudo-knuckle pads by dermatologists and pediatricians is very important in adolescent patients because these lesions may be clues for diagnosis of serious psychiatric problems. The collaboration of a dermatologist or pediatrician with a psychiatrist is essential in the follow-up of these patients.

Callosities↗
PubMed1994

The effect of folate and cobalamin on osteoarthritic hands.

OBJECTIVE: Historically diet and arthritis have been cause/effect associated but the idea is controversial with little evidence that specific diet components are effective treatment. This controlled, double-blinded, crossover study reports the effect of folate and cobalamin supplements in 26 humans diagnosed for an average 5.7 years with idiopathic osteoarthritis of the hands who had been medicated by prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). METHODS: Subjects entered the study after a 10-day washout period from use of all anti-arthritis drugs, vitamins, and minerals. They were randomly allocated to consume daily 6400 micrograms folate or 6400 micrograms folate plus 20 micrograms cobalamin or lactose placebo each for 2 months within self-selected diets. Pain was to be medicated by acetaminophen as needed, and at the end of each phase they returned for assessment and dispensing of the next treatment. Serum folate and cobalamin, red blood cell folate, blood smears, diet records, standard rheumatology assessment and hand grip measurements were reviewed and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: For all subjects mean right and left hand grip values were higher with combined cobalamin-folate ingestion than with other "vitamin" supplements and were equivalent to NSAID use. Number of tender hand joints were greater with use of NSAID than with use of cobalamin-folate. Side effects with the vitamin combination were none; side effects of NSAID are many, and the cost of vitamins and acetaminophen also is lower. CONCLUSION: The limited number of subjects in this study demonstrates that ingestion of a prescribed cobalamin-folate supplement and acetaminophen as needed resulted in positive outcomes.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1994

[Microsurgical treatment of bone and joint defects of hand].

From 1972 to 1990 seven kinds of microsurgical operations were used for treatment of bone and joint defects of hand. Among these cases 23 survived and 1 failed. The patients were followed up for 2-20 years. The functional results were good in 77.4%. The improved surgical procedures: (1) Use dorsalis pedis artery as the single pedicle to provide double vascular supply for double joint graft from one toe. (2) Change the fixing position of metatarsal to increase the degree of motion of the joint. The operative indications and the factors related to the survival and function are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Clonal identity between skin and synovial tissue in a case of mycosis fungoides with polyarthritis.

Polyarthritis in the presence of a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a rare phenomenon. We describe a case of mycosis fungoides with development of a symmetric erosive polyarthritis of the small hand joints and feet, diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. An identical monoclonal T-cell population in the skin and in the synovium was detected by T-cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis, illustrating articular dissemination of lymphoma cells. Differentiating mycosis fungoides-associated arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis may have important implications for treatment. Based on this case, the relevant literature, and the newest disease concepts, pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic options of mycosis fungoides-associated arthritis are discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interrelationship between bone aging traits and basic anthropometric characteristics.

Using plain hand radiographs, the age dependence of various bone-aging traits (bone mineral density [BMD], cortical index [CI], osteoarthritis [OA], and osseographic [OSS] scores) was evaluated to test whether the correlation among these traits is an individual- or population-based phenomenon. In addition, the effect of anthropometric features on variation of bone-aging traits was estimated. The study included 1,295 individuals from Chuvasha, Russia, 18 to 89 years. BMD was measured from the compact compartment of the middle and distal phalanges of both 3(rd) fingers. The CI of the II-IV metacarpal bones and II-IV proximal phalanges was obtained. The development of OA was based on the standard Kellgren and Lawrence grading scheme for 28 hand joints. OSS score, a surrogate measure that takes into account different kinds of bone changes, was also obtained for each individual. Body weight and height, eight skinfold thicknesses on the trunk and extremities, and breadths of the long bones were measured. Sex-based univariate analyses and multivariate statistical analysis showed the following: 1) Age dependence was defined more strongly in "OA-linked" compared to "osteoporosis (OP)-linked" traits; 2) While "OP-linked" bone-aging traits correlated with age differently between sexes, "OA-linked" traits did not; 3) The strong interrelationship between OA-linked and OP-linked traits in both sexes became very weak and statistically insignificant (P > 0.10) after adjustment for age. Thus, OA and OP conditions in the same individual develop independently and probably reflect different underlying physiological mechanisms. 4) Anthropometric characteristics were significantly correlated with bone-aging traits, but correlations were low (r < 0.20). Thus, the contribution of anthropometric characteristics to the rate and pattern of bone aging of the hand was to relatively small.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Tension band arthrodesis of small joints in the hand.

Two-hundred three patients underwent 290 tension band arthrodeses of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the hand. Nine patients (3%) failed to achieve bony union, four had painless pseudarthroses, and one patient had a small finger amputation. Twenty-five fusions (9%) required hardware removal. There were 10 superficial infections (all responded to oral antibiotic therapy), and three fusions were malrotated. Tension band arthrodesis is our choice for fusion of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. It is reliable and provides stable fixation, pins do not protrude, and external splinting is unnecessary in the cooperative patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Collagen and non-collagenous protein content (osteocalcin, sialoprotein, proteoglycan) in the iliac crest bone and serum osteocalcin in women with and without hand osteoarthritis.

Quantitative and qualitative variations in bone composition were studied in postmortem iliac crest bone specimens from 32 women aged 60 to 75, grouped according to the presence of osteoarthritis at the hand joints. The EDTA extraction yield of macromolecules was significantly greater in the osteoarthritis group. Collagen and osteocalcin content were significantly increased and proteoglycan content decreased in the osteoarthritis group. No difference in sialoprotein content was found. In a clinical study of 20 patients with generalised osteoarthritis, we found compared to 15 controls also significantly increased serum levels of osteocalcin. These results indicate in an unselected group of cases that differences in bone matrix constituents exist between elderly women with and without an osteoarthritic constitution. The finding that these alterations are present even far away from the articular lesion, and the fact that the serum osteocalcin levels are elevated, indicate that osteoarthritis is part of a more generalised bone disease and not a purely cartilage disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Treatment of metacarpophalangeal joint fractures of the hand].

Fractures of mp-joints II-V are very important because of the function of these joints for the hand. Accurate anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation given a good functional result. The defect of cancellous bone by impression is emphasized. In completely destroyed joints primary resection and arthroplasty is performed.

Adult↗