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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[The role of rheological changes of blood and hemostasis in the development of acute neurosensory hypoacusis].

We studied blood rheology and hemostasis in patients with acute neurosensory hypoacusis (ANH) of different genesis to clarify correlations of these disorders with an ANH form. After examination 72 ANH patients (60 male and 12 female, age 19-68) were divided into three groups by ANH etiology: ANH of vascular genesis (group 1, 47 patients), ANH of viral genesis (group 2, 19 patients), ANH of traumatic genesis (group 3, 6 patients). Blood rheology was studied on viscosimeter Low-Shear 30 (Switzerland); hematocrit--on Autocrit (USA) centrifuge, platelet aggregation--on aggregometer Elvi 840 (Italy), coagulation--on coagulometer Tetra (Spain). Blood rheology and hemostasis in groups 2 and 3 were changed insignificantly, while in group 1 we registered disturbed microcirculation. Treatment with vasoactive drugs normalized both clinical picture of the disease and blood rheology, hemostasis. The highest activity was seen in use of the drugs tanakan and gincor fort.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

[Correction of thrombocyte-vascular hemostasis in metabolic syndrome].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of lovastatin and allicor on thrombocyte-vascular hemostasis in patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) with metabolic syndrome (MS). Twenty-two patients were administered lovastatin in a dose of 20 mg before sleep; 23 patients received allicor in a dose of two tablets or 150 mg twice a day. The therapy lasted one month in both groups. The dynamics of the following variables was evaluated: anthropometric parameters, blood lipid spectrum, lipid peroxidation in serum and thrombocytes, the antioxidative protectability of the lipid part of blood and thrombocytes, thrombocyte aggregation and their intravascular activity, and vascular hemostasis indices. The results were processed using Student coefficient, as well as system and correlation analysis. The study shows that lovastatin and, to a less degree, allicor, has a hypolipidemic effect, as well as a positive effect on peroxidation syndrome in patients suffering from AH with MS, optimizing thrombocyte-vascular hemostasis to the same degree. As a cheaper drug, allicor may be used widely to prevent thrombosis in patients with AH with MS. In order to lessen body mass in such patients, lovastatin and allicor should be applied together with non-drug means.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Hemostasis activation during esophageal variceal sclerotherapy with thrombin in cirrhotics.

Sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices in liver cirrhotics is a common procedure, but little is known about the possible entry of sclerosants into the systemic circulation. We injected a mixture of thrombin, sodium tetradecyl, and cefazolin and studied the effect of this sclerosant on selected hemostasis parameters. Twenty-four patients with liver cirrhosis (Child's Classification C) were studied 29 times. Blood samples were drawn before and immediately after the injection of the sclerosant. In seven patients we collected a sample 30 minutes and 24 hours after treatment. Before injection, almost all patients had elevated D-dimer, t-PA and PAI-1 levels. Fibrinogen, antithrombin, alpha-2 antiplasmin, and protein C were decreased. Only thrombin/antithrombin III complex (TAT) levels were within normal ranges. Immediately after the injection, TAT, D-dimer, and t-PA levels rose significantly (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.01, P less than 0.001), PAI-1 and PC levels decreased (P less than 0.01), while antithrombin, alpha-2 antiplasmin, and fibrinogen concentrations were unchanged. TAT and D-dimer levels were still elevated after 24 hours (P less than 0.05). These data indicate that thrombin entered the systemic circulation (elevated TAT) and that the hemostasis system was briefly systemically activated (elevated D-dimer). In spite of these changes in the hemostasis system, clinically there were no detectable thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in thrombocytic hemostasis in patients with diabetic glomerulosclerosis].

Indices of thrombocytic hemostasis were determined in 40 patients with diabetic glomerulosclerosis. It was found that patients suffering of diabetic glomerulosclerosis with chronic renal insufficiency showed signs of hypercoagulemia while changes of the thrombocytic hemostasis become of diverse values. There was a high correlation of hemostasis changes and clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus and diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Three tests are recommended for treatment choice: hemolysate-aggregation test, determination of soluble complexes of monomer fibrin and fibrin-splitting product.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Laparoscopic clips. Evaluation of absorbable and titanium with regard to hemostasis and tissue reactivity.

Advanced laparoscopic techniques require laparoscopic means of providing hemostasis. We tested the hemostatic ability of laparoscopic surgical clips and their tissue reactivity as assessed by adhesion formation in an animal model. Twenty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomized at laparotomy to one of three treatment groups: titanium surgical clips, absorbable surgical clips (both applied with a laparoscopic clip applicator) and chromic sutures of equal mass. Either the right fallopian tube was transected, with clips or sutures applied proximally and distally to control bleeding, or the clips or sutures were applied 5 mm apart and the tube transected. A clip or suture of the same material was placed on the midportion of the left fallopian tube. Necropsy was performed at 42 days, and each clip/suture site was scored for adhesions. All the materials were easily applied and effective in achieving hemostasis. The adhesion scores tended to be lower with the absorbable clips; however, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Laparoscopic clips are effective in providing hemostasis, are easily applied and cause no more adhesion formation than do conventional suture materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Ontogenetic features of hemostasis and urine fibrinolysis in newborns].

Parameters of hemostasis and urine fibrinolysis were studied in the ontogenesis of 56 normal newborns aged from 3 to 28 days. The data obtained and the correlation analysis made have shown significant changes in the hemostasis system in the ontogenesis. The neonatal period is characterized by stage changes in the hemostasis system that reflect the processes of adaptation for intrauterine existence, hypocoagulation being changed by mild hypercoagulation followed by coagulation formation by the end of the first month of life. Maximum statistically significant correlations were revealed during the first week of newborns' life. The data obtained can be used as control during the study of varying pathological states associated with changes in the coagulation and anticoagulation systems in newborns.

Fibrinolysis↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of the buccal bleeding time and platelet glass bead retention as assays of hemostasis in the dog: the effects of acetylsalicylic acid, warfarin and von Willebrand factor deficiency.

The study evaluated two hemostatic assays in the dog, a modified version of the buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) and the platelet glass bead retention (PR), to describe the aspects of hemostasis measured by these assays. Von Willebrand factor (vWf)-deficient Doberman pinscher dogs were used in evaluating the effects of altered platelet adhesion. Normal dogs were treated with either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or warfarin to evaluate the effects of altered platelet aggregation and coagulation. There was significant prolongation of the BMBT and reduction of the PR in vWf-deficient dogs as compared to normal dogs. In ASA treated dogs the BMBT was slightly prolonged; the PR was significantly reduced. The change in ASA-induced BMBT did not correlate with the sensitivity of the dog platelets to arachidonic acid. In warfarin treated dogs there was no change in the BMBT; however, the PR was significantly reduced. The BMBT is a test of hemostasis that is sensitive to platelet adhesion and aggregation deficits. The PR is useful in detecting general abnormalities in hemostasis including platelet adhesion defects due to reduced vWf.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Willebrand factor in hemostasis in the in vitro bleeding time.

Heparinized porcine blood and plasma, at constant hydrostatic pressure, was allowed to flow through a 5-mm incision in a small piece of porcine skin. Changes in the exuded blood volume were measured, and the incision site was examined microscopically. When normal blood flowed through either normal or von Willebrand skin, the exuded blood volume decreased gradually and eventually stopped. Microscopic examination revealed a platelet plug in the incision site. This plug was positive for Willebrand factor when examined by immunofluorescence. In contrast, the blood from von Willebrand pigs continued to flow constantly, and a platelet plug was not seen. The delayed in vitro hemostasis in von Willebrand blood was corrected to the normal range by the addition of either normal plasma or partially purified Willebrand factor. Normal blood, in which the Willebrand factor was immunologically inhibited, showed delayed hemostasis. For this in vitro system, it appeared that plasmatic Willebrand factor played an essential role in hemostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The role of the system of hemostasis in the development of vascular lesions in diabetes mellitus].

The examination of 179 patients with diabetes mellitus has shown that the mechanisms of vascular wall damage and changes in the system of hemostasis are different in type I and II diabetes mellitus. In type I diabetes mellitus vascular wall damages are associated with carbohydrate metabolic derangements, changes in the platelet link of hemostasis and blood coagulation system. In type II diabetes mellitus vascular wall damages are associated with lipid metabolic derangements and changes in the erythrocytic link of hemostasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Experimental studies on pharmacokinetics and tissue concentration of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (CDDP) by intra-arterial infusion with hemostasis].

We have combined intra-arterial infusion with tourniquet techniques that produce hemostasis at the periphery of a tumor to accelerate penetration and adherence of the antitumor drug in the tumor. In the present study, MRMT-1 breast cancer was transplanted into the distal end of the femur of S-D rats to produce a bone tumor. Then cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (CDDP) was given in three ways: 1) systemic administration, 2) local intra-arterial infusion and 3) intra-arterial infusion with hemostasis, and the CDDP levels were determined of the tumor, kidney, lung and blood. The intra-tumoral CDDP level was found to be the highest in the group maintained with hemostasis, but that there was no significant difference in the levels in blood, the kidney and the lung among the three ways of administration. It was thus inferred that, though this method is effective in elevating the intra-tumoral CDDP level, sufficient hydration is necessary to prevent the same side effects as the other two methods.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the hemostasis system affected by factors of flight].

The importance of hemostasis investigations for present-day theoretical and clinical medicine is explained by the high incidence of thromboembolism which in recent years has noticeably increased in many countries of the world. Hemostasis is a physiological system that largely determines adaptability of man to the varying environment. The system may play a critical part in the sense that its disorders may cause severe complications. The mismatch of the system can be exemplified by the thrombohemorrhagic syndrome (THS) or disseminated intravascular coagulation of blood (DIC). Thrombogenesis or thromboembolism may strongly affect many physiological functions, particularly those of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The process of thrombogenesis may also contribute significantly to atherosclerosis and should therefore be regarded as the leading factor in sudden and rapidly developing blood-vessel occlusion. Various aspects of blood coagulation are very important for the flying personnel exposed to many stress-effects in unusual and sometimes alien environments, e.g. hypoxia, acceleration, vibration, meteorological and climatic variations. In view of this, hemostasis maintenance as well as improved prophylaxis and treatment of thrombogenesis and atherosclerosis requires special attention.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1986

[Temporary hemostasis of uterine sections in longitudinal hemorrhagic hysterotomies].

Hemostasis of uterine incisions in Cesarean sections with longitudinal uterine incision may be secured with the various instruments devised by the authors. Hemostasis is immediate, which is quite interesting when the procedure is done for a hemorrhagic syndrome and in case of placenta praevia. In case of uterine hypotonicity and resistance to Pitocin, a temporary hemostasis permits to temporize.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1985

[Physical and technical bases of tumor hemostasis with a CO2 laser in neurosurgery].

The particular thermal properties of CO2 laser make it an useful instrument for neurological surgery. Necrosis and carbonization zones, as well as its thermal diffusion in the nervous tissue are dramatically less important with a CO2-laser unit than with other lasers (Nd-Yag or Argon) and moreover with the electrical mono--or bipolar coagulator. That is why the authors chosed this instrumentation for achieving a good hemostasis. It was particularly useful during removal of intracranial tumors situated close to the functional structures of the basis of the brain and the brainstem. The authors present their experience with the french CO2-laser unit Ercelas 80 (Robert et Carrière Biomedical) that they have been using routinely since 1983 in 60 neurosurgical procedures. They present the technical standards necessary to perform such an hemostasis either with the hand-piece or using the micromanipulator. In all cases the output power must be much lower for hemostasis than for tumoral cutting or vaporization. Depending on the type of tumor, radiation power should vary from 2 to 10 watts if a linear emission is used, and from 10 to 30 watts in case of pulsed emission. On the other hand, CO2-laser beam must be unfocussed so as to avoid cutting the vessels less than 0.5 mm in diameter before coagulating them properly.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1985

[Physiology of hemostasis in newborn infants. I].

Ever since neonatal hemostasis has been studied systematically, a great number of single data und laboratory parameters have been collected which all differ more or less distinctly from results gained in adults. This has been leading repeatedly to the conclusion that the hemostasis in newborns is still immature or somehow insufficient. At least in healthy and term infants this does not apply; each pre- and postnatal stage of development has its own optimally functioning hemostasis changing with age due to respective physiological peculiarities which nevertheless may gain considerable pathogenetic significance for preterm or sick newborns. A good example are for instance the vascular structures of the periventricular germinal matrix in prematures born during the critical period around the 24th and 34th week of gestation. This assumption being in agreement with an important principle of developmental physiology is proven in this paper particularly for platelets and plasmatic coagulation.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1985

[Pathology of hemostasis in newborn infants. II].

Already in newborns almost all congenital and acquired disorders of hemostasis can be encountered. Especially gestational age and developmental peculiarities of hemostasis influence the incidence of the different causes for hemorrhages. Due to laboratory progress the well-known question of vitamin K deficiency and related bleeding has again become a point of interest and can be answered more clearly now than some years ago. Other significant disturbances of neonatal hemostasis are disseminated intravascular coagulation, intracranial hemorrhages, and the thrombocytopenias of the newborn. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a pathogenetically important and frequent complication of numerous diseases in term as well as particularly in preterm infants. Ultrasonography gave new information about frequency and prognosis of intracranial hemorrhages in affected newborns. Finally, qualitative and quantitative disorders of the platelets present always a true challenge for the neonatologist in terms of differential diagnosis and differential therapy.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1981

Evolution of modern concepts of hemostasis. A backward glance at the discoveries that made modern practice possible.

Most of our current knowledge about the roles of blood vessels, platelets, and plasma factors in hemostasis has been gained in the last three decades. However, prior to this period a relatively limited but critical framework of ideas about hemostasis had slowly but steadily evolved, beginning in 1666 when Malpighi discovered fibrin in blood clots. By the turn of the 20th century aggregation of platelets at the site of blood vessel injury was recognized and four enduring coagulation factors emerged: fibrinogen, prothrombin, tissue extracts (thromboplastin), and calcium. Them progress exploded after World War II, leading us into a search for the molecular basis of hemostasis where we are today. Through it all, observations made at the bedside by astute clinicians have been a driving force in the advancement of basic knowledge.

Hematology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disturbances of hemostasis and the genesis of hemorrhagic diathesis in patients with dysplastic scoliosis].

Dysplastic scoliosis often occurs with parallel hemostasis disorders and is fraught with the risk of intra- or postoperative risk of hemorrhagic complications. For early correction of hemostasis and adequate management of the patients, hemostasis parameters should be found out. Administration of indirect-action anticoagulants is risky. The use of heparin or fraxiparin is more valid. The latter of them maintains the threat of postoperative hemorrhage onset in the least degree.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in hemostasis in ischemic heart disease].

The relationship between changes in blood coagulation, the occurrence and severity of risk factors of ischemic heart disease and the clinical condition of the patient was investigated. The at risk group of patients 42.2% had more than 3 pathological parameters. Intravascular blood coagulation was not activated in any of the patients. In patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), 62.2% had more than 3 pathological parameters on the first day of MI development. Demonstrable activation of intravascular blood coagulation was found in 28.2% of these patients. On day 5 of MI, activation of intravascular blood coagulation was recorded in 57.7% of the patients treated by classical approach and in 15.4-30.8% of the patients on thrombolytic treatment. In the at risk group, primary hemostasis and the fibrinolytic system were more affected, in patients with MI the whole hemostatic mechanism was involved. On day 5 of MI, in patients with classical therapy pathological laboratory findings still persisted or were even more deteriorated, particularly increases in fibrinogen level. At that time, in patients on thrombolytic therapy no substantial changes of initial values were recorded. No correlation was found to exist between changes in hemostasis and the risk profile or between changes in hemostasis and the clinical severity of MI. The obtained results justify the administration of antithrombotic substances, especially in patients with unstable angina pectoris. On observing time constraints, administration of thrombolytics is justified in MI. (Fig. 9, Ref. 25.)

Adult↗