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PubMed2002

Handedness in deaf and normal children.

The rates of left-handedness were compared in 94 deaf and 104 normal children to test whether the rate of left-handedness is higher in children with congenital deafness than normals. Hand preference was assessed using "Edinburg Handedness Inventory." Of 104 normal children, 94 (90.39%) were right-handed and 10 (9.61%) were left-handed. Of 91 deaf children, 72 (79.12%) were right-handed and 19 (20.88%) were left-handed. The difference between the incidences of left-handedness between these groups was statistically significant: deaf children were more left-handed and less right-handed than their normal counterparts. These results suggest that the right-ear advantage in the normal population does not develop during early fetal period in congenitally deaf children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Direction of hand preference: the connection with speech and the influence of familial handedness.

Taking familial handedness into account, right- and left-handers with differing degrees of hand preference were monaurally presented with verbal stimuli (CVs) to which they responded using their right and left hands at separate times. This reaction time design was used to ascertain the relative cognitive functioning capacity of each hemisphere for verbal processing. However, the results disclosed more about the determination of direction of hand preference than about cognitive processing, per se. It was found that in both strong right-handers and strong left-handers with an incongruent hand preference (i.e., own handedness incongruent with family history of handedness) direction of hand preference is the result of suppression of the nonpreferred hand in the left hemisphere. Strong right- and strong left-handers with a congruent hand preference (i.e., hand preference congruent with family history of handedness) appear to have a more direct hand preference-left hemisphere mechanism. The findings of the present study are used to form part of a new theory of hand preference determination.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Effect of left- or right-handedness on nursing practice.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of hand preference of nursing and the success of the nursing practice. The study included 24 students, all of whom attend different classes in the School of Nursing. The status of left- or right-handedness of the students included in the research was determined using Oldfield (Edinburgh Handedness Inventory) Index. The students were divided into two equal groups according to their right or left hand use. Then the students were categorized in four groups (Very good: 81-100, Average: 61-80, Pass: 50-60, and Fail: <50) according to the scores they received from the practice and theory tests of the lesson "Fundamentals of Nursing" the lesson requiring hand skills most. The test for the difference between two population proportions was used for statistical analysis. Left-handed nurses were found to be more successful than right-handed nurses in nursing practice. The difference between them was found significant (p < .01). It was concluded that left-handed nurses should never be forced to convert into right-handedness; instead they should be supported both verbally and in terms of equipment, and they should be motivated, because the data obtained proved that left-handedness means success.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Morphological asymmetry in thyroid lobes, and sex and handedness differences in healthy young subjects.

The aim of the present study was to investigate sex and handedness differences in the sizes of the right and left thyroid lobes. Subjects were 72 healthy university students (36 female and 36 male), 18 to 23 years of age. Hand preference was assessed using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. The volumes of the right and left thyroid lobes were measured by ultrasonography. The right lobe was larger than the left. The right and left lobes were larger in men than in women. There were no handedness difference in the total thyroid volume and the volume of right lobe. But, the left lobe was larger in right-handed subjects than in the left handed ones. The difference (right minus left) was statistically larger in left-handers than in right-handers. The sex-related differences may be attributed to the sex differences in body weight. It can be stated that handedness is associated with the asymmetry of thyroid lobes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Differences in academic performance at school depending on handedness: matter for neuropathology?

Two studies found that left-handed children had significantly poorer academic records than did right-handed children, though the effect was small. Study 1 provided evidence that, for some academic disciplines, the important difference appeared to be between those children whose family history of handedness was concordant with their own handedness and those children whose family history of handedness was discordant with their own handedness. The inclusion of gender in asymmetry research was bolstered by Study 2. When predicting idiosyncrasies in left-handers' cognitive performance, it should be borne in mind that left-handers form a minority group as well as a neurologically distinct one.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of factors such as handedness, sex and age on body temperature measured by an infrared 'tympanic' thermometer.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of IRET has been called into question. However, there are a number of factors that might affect ear temperature measurement. Some of these are the focus of this study. METHOD: 366 asymptomatic subjects (0.75 to 53 years old) volunteered to take part in this ethically approved study. The data were analysed in respect to handedness, sex and age. RESULTS: Two-way ANOVAs showed significant interactions between age group and sex (first ear measured, p = 0.017; second p = 0.298), and between handedness and sex (first ear measured, p = 0.011; second p = 0.040) in relation to their ear temperature. Ear temperatures of males tended to be lower than females, however this only found significance in the 'Early Puberty' age group (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Significant differences in ear temperature were seen for handedness, sex and age. CONCLUSION: We have shown that handedness, sex and age might be contributory factors to ear temperature differences in the population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trunk asymmetry and handedness in 8245 school children.

The aim of this report is the appraisal of a possible correlation of trunk asymmetry assessed with a scoliometer and lateralization of the brain as expressed by handedness in a school aged population. Many (8245) students (4173 girls and 4072 boys), 6-18 years of age were examined. A checklist was completed for each student including handedness and trunk asymmetry. The standing forward bending test was performed using the Pruijs scoliometer and the examined children were divided into three groups for each of the three examined regions (mid-thoracic, thoracolumbar and lumbar) according to the recorded asymmetry (no asymmetry, 2-7 degrees and > or =7 degrees ). Ninety-one per cent of children were right-handed, while 9% were left-handed. A significant statistical correlation of trunk asymmetry and handedness was found both in boys and girls in the group of asymmetry 2-7 degrees at mid-thoracic (p < 0.038) but not at thoracolumbar and at lumbar region. These findings show that there is significant correlation of mild mid-thoracic asymmetry and the dominant brain hemisphere in terms of handedness, in children who are entitled at risk of developing scoliosis. These findings are implicating the possible aetiopathogenic role of cerebral cortex function in the determination of the thoracic surface morphology of the trunk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Towards an improved measure of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory: a one-factor congeneric measurement model using confirmatory factor analysis.

The Edinburgh Handedness Inventory was administered to a sample of 203 mentally well adults drawn from the Western Australian Family Study of Schizophrenia (90 men and 113 woman). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that seven out of ten original items of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory were sufficient to provide an internally consistent and valid measure of hand preference. Exclusion of three problematic items led to a more refined measurement of the latent construct of handedness. The rationale for exclusion was: (1) redundancy stemming from collinearity between writing and drawing, and (2) an unacceptably large measurement error associated with two of the items (use of broom and opening a box-lid). The results suggest that this revision of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory enhances its measurement properties.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Increased prevalences of left-handedness and left-eye sighting dominance in individuals with Williams-Beuren syndrome.

Handedness and eye sighting dominance were assessed in a sample of 50 individuals (25 male, 25 female; aged 5-38 years) with Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS). The prevalences of left-handedness and left-eyedness were compared to the normative prevalences in the general population. We found significantly higher prevalences of left-handedness and left-eyedness in the WBS sample. The higher prevalences were more salient in younger than in older individuals and in male than in female individuals. We suggest that the increased prevalence of left-handedness in WBS is a consequence of a slower maturation rate, which allows deviation from a predetermined laterality pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Handedness and eye-dominance: a meta-analysis of their relationship.

About one in ten people is left-handed and one in three is left-eyed. The extent of the association of handedness and eyedness is unclear, as some eyedness measures are potentially contaminated by measures of handedness. A meta-analysis of hand-eye concordance in 54,087 subjects from 54 populations, found that concordance was 2.69 x greater in questionnaire rather than performance studies, 1.95 x greater in studies using unimanual monocular performance measures, and 6.29 x greater in studies using non-sighting measures of eye-dominance. In the remaining studies, which seemed to show no evidence of bias, the odds-ratio for hand-eye concordance was 2.53 x; in a population with 9.25% left-handedness and 36.53% left-eyedness, 34.43% of right-handers and 57.14% of left-handers are left-eyed. This pattern of hand-eye association poses problems for genetic models of cerebral lateralisation, which must invoke pleiotropic alleles at a single locus or epistatic interactions between multiple loci. There was no evidence that the incidence of eyedness, or the association between eyedness and handedness, differed between the sexes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Accuracy of college students' reports of parental handedness.

College students' reports of their parents' handedness were compared with data provided by the parents themselves. The students' reports of their parents' writing hand were highly accurate, the reports of their parents' general handedness somewhat less so. For the latter measure, the students were asked, ''What is your mother's (father's) handedness?'' and were given the choice ''left'',''either'', ''right'',and ''don't know''. Their answers were then compared with the investigators' classification based on the parents' answers to a 10-item hand-use questionnaire. For this measure, the accuracy of the students' reports was also found to be related to the students' own handedness.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Handedness scale: how many and which items?

A stepwise analysis of the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (CAC) was performed on five large samples of adults and young children, in order to choose the ''minimum'' set of items of a handedness scale which gives the maximum reliability. In adults, a handedness scale with 12 items has nearly the same or even a better CAC than other scales with more items; so, a choice of 10 to 12 items seems to be adequate. For children, a scale with eight items seems to be quite reliable but it is not impossible that a scale including more items would lead to a slight increase of CAC. The controversial usefulness of a precise assessment of the ''general handedness factor'' (the first principal component) generated by handedness questionnaires and its J-shaped distribution in the general population are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Schizophrenia risk and handedness: a mixed picture.

Numerous previous studies have reported on handedness differences among schizophrenics, as well as in normal subjects who are high in ''schizotypal'' traits, and hence putatively at risk for schizophrenia. Results have varied, but there is evidence of a shift away from dextrality, especially consistent among schizotypal individuals. Using both a conventional three-category and Annett's seven-category classification of handedness, we re-examined the question in 681 general population subjects assessed for schizotypy. The three-category analysis confirmed previous findings of increased schizotypy in mixed-handers. However, the more fine-grained analysis showed that, although mild degrees of mixed handedness were indeed associated with increased schizotypy, this trend was reversed in the most mixed-handed subjects whose schizotypy scores did not differ significantly from right-handers. Independently of our work, this subgroup of mixed-handers are also reported to show superior intellectual function, especially on some spatial tasks. We concluded that previous studies of schizophrenia and schizotypy have failed to distinguish different reasons for shifts from dextrality. It is argued that the latter's association with schizophrenia might come about through exogenous, neurodevelopmental, influences, whereas some-possibly genetically basedforms of mixed handedness could reflect a variety of cerebral organisation that protects against, rather than enhances, the risk for mental disorder.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Handedness in twins: a meta-analysis.

In the largest meta-analysis of twins and singletons conducted to date we have found a higher incidence of left-handedness in twins compared to singletons. Our analysis revealed no difference in the frequency of left-handedness among monozygotic versus dizygotic twins. However, identical twins were more likely to be concordant for hand preference than non-identical twins, which is consistent with a genetic model of handedness. Prior analyses have not revealed these findings consistently, and this has led to a number of conflicting models of handedness.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Handedness in past human populations: skeletal markers.

Although it is generally believed that right-handedness has predominated in all human populations since at least the appearance of Homo sapiens sapiens, the evidence has rarely been studied in its entirety. This paper contains a review of the principal skeletal indicators of handedness (cranial and post-cranial), and an introduction to their use to estimate the prevalence of left and right handedness in the past. The role of such reviews is to enable us to assess the testability of genetic models of human handedness and of its evolution, using anthropological and archaeological data.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

What to do about your child's handedness? Advice from five eighteenth-century authors, and some questions for today.

On the question "What to do about your child's handedness?", parents have never lacked for advice. Over more than two millennia, however, their advisors have rarely spoken with one voice. Instead, they have disagreed on virtually everything, including the desirability of handedness, its origins in nature or nurture, and especially the acceptability and treatment of left-handedness. After briefly describing such disagreements from classical times, this article presents and analyses new examples from the works of five authors in the eighteenth century, three from England ("An Eminent Physician", William Cadogan, and John Hill) and two from France (Nicholas Andry and Jean-Jacques Rousseau). It then presents similar examples from more recent authors, and it concludes by asking what advice about handedness the current generation of laterality researchers would be prepared to offer.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Effects of handedness on movement-related changes of central beta rhythms.

The effects of handedness on the movement-related changes in beta rhythms (14-30 Hz) in the left and right perirolandic area were analyzed in 12 right-handed and 11 left-handed subjects. The motor task consisted of unilateral brisk or slow self-paced extension of the right or left index finger. The handedness effects were as follows. First, in both handedness groups, the premovement desynchronization of beta rhythms at both hemispheres was greatest before slow movement of the "nondominant" finger, especially at electrodes presumably overlying the MI areas. Second, the lefthanded group showed less desynchronization in both hemispheres during execution of a slow movement than the righthanded group. Third, the postmovement beta synchronization showed a contralateral preponderance which was greater after movements of the nondominant than the "dominant" finger in the righthanded group and was equal for both fingers in the lefthanded group. The results suggest that handedness effects on movement-related changes in central beta rhythms are coupled to movements of the nondominant finger and that their manifestation differs in the pre- and postmovement periods.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Handedness and alcoholism.

One hundred thirty-six alcoholic men and 48 alcoholic women admitted consecutively to an adult alcohol and substance abuse unit were studied in an attempt to replicate previous reports of an association between alcoholism and handedness. Each individual received a structured admission interview, and handedness was determined by a modification of the Edinburgh Inventory. Left-handedness was more frequent in men with alcoholic fathers and in first-born men. These data are discussed in the context of a recent theory relating left-handedness, immune disease, developmental learning disorders, and fetal testosterone.

Adult↗