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Results for “Digestive System Surgical Procedures”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Low-dose bupivacaine plus fentanyl for spinal anesthesia during ambulatory inguinal herniorrhaphy: a comparison between 6 mg and 7. 5 mg of bupivacaine.

BACKGROUND: Inguinal herniorrhaphy is commonly performed as an outpatient procedure. Spinal anesthesia offers some advantages over general anesthesia in this setting. METHODS: Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups according to a double-blind protocol: Group L had spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine 6.0 mg and Group H with bupivacaine 7.5 mg; in both groups, fentanyl 25 micro g was added to the spinal anesthetic. The sensory block was measured by 'pin-prick' and the motor block was evaluated by a modified Bromage scale. RESULTS: No differences were seen in the spread, duration and regression of sensory block between the groups on the operated side. A greater number of patients required analgesics during the operation in Group L (6) compared with Group H (1) (P<0.05). The return of the modified Bromage scale to grade 0 was earlier in Group L than in Group H (P<0.05) but the time to mobilization and discharge was similar. Seven patients (17%) needed to be catheterized and two had the catheter retained overnight. Times to home discharge (median) were 350 and 445 min, respectively, in Groups L and H. Postoperatively and during the first week, visual analog pain scores, analgesic requirements and side-effects were similar between the groups. In Group H, 95% of the patients and in Group L 85% would have the same anesthetic again if operated upon for a similar procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine 7.5 mg and fentanyl offers an alternative to general or local anesthesia for ambulatory inguinal herniorrhaphy. However, the long discharge times and risk for urinary retention restrict its routine use in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Blunt traumatic injuries of the gastrointestinal and biliary tract in childhood. Analysis of 16 cases.

BACKGROUND: Little attention has been given to abdominal hollow viscus injuries in pediatric literature. The purpose of this report is to describe their main features, and the current methods of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: We reviewed our experience with 16 cases of blunt injuries involving the gastrointestinal (GI) and biliary tract in the last seven years. RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 0.68 and mean age 9.4 years. The site of injury was the stomach in 2 cases, duodenum in 5, jejunum or ileum in 7, caecum in 2, left mesocolon in 2, and gallbladder in 1. Diagnosis of the 8 perforations was clinically suspected in 6, and confirmed by radiography in 6 or surgery in 2, with a mean delay of 0.42 days. Diagnosis of the 11 hematomas was clinically suspected in 6, and confirmed by radiography in 9 or surgery in 2, with a mean delay of 12.6 days. Hematomas were managed nonoperatively, and perforations were surgically or laparoscopically closed. Mortality was 1/16 by pancreatic injury, and morbidity was 4/16. CONCLUSION: Incidence of blunt hollow viscus injuries is low in children. Hematomas are easily recognized by modern radiography, and simply managed nonoperatively. Diagnosis of perforations still remains difficult. This results in dangerous delays for lesions which need prompt repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Emergency surgical management of lesions from ingestion of caustics. Role of primary endoscopic classification].

Management of caustic ingestion in adults improved in the last decade due to the new diagnostic developments, the better predictability of injuries from signs and symptoms, the intensive care improvements and the more aggressive surgical approach for the most severe lesions. In fact, the early surgical treatment of severe lesions for ingestion of caustic and corrosive substances may reduce mortality, morbidity and hospitalization. The role of early endoscopic examination is today worldwide accepted: is herein proposed a new endoscopic classification of caustic lesions adjusted after a retrospective analysis of a twenty years experience in this field, and applied in twelve patients affected by severe esophageal and gastric injuries then submitted to emergency surgical treatment and survived. It showed a great usefulness in selection of patients to submit immediately to surgery and may play a fundamental role in indications and timing of surgical management of severe injuries by caustic ingestion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effect of palliative biliodigestive operations for unresectable pancreatic cancer.

During a 12 year period 38 patients underwent various palliative biliodigestive procedures for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. Jaundice, upper abdominal pain and weight loss was present in 82%, 53% and 40% of the patients respectively. Serum bilirubin was elevated in 95% of patients, on average almost 9 times the upper limit of normal. Alcaline phosphatase was elevated in 97% of patients, on average almost 5 times the upper normal limit. Fourteen patients died without leaving hospital, 10 within one month, for an inhospital mortality of 36.8%. For the remaining 24 patients mean survival was slightly more than 7 months. Only 4 patients survived for more than one year. Palliation thus was short but reasonably good as judged by decrease in serum bilirubin and alcaline phosphatase levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Directions in radionuclide hepatobiliary imaging.

The 99mTc iminodiacetic acid analogues are a group of radiopharmaceuticals which are rapidly metabolized by the hepatocytes and excreted into the biliary tract. In essence, they function as bile markers and are therefore used to trace bile flow pathways by external imaging. There are various facets of liver and biliary tract disorders which can now be investigated with these new agents at a greater confidence level than heretofore possible with the older test agent, 131I-rose bengal. These include determination of cystic duct patency, assessment of the integrity of surgically altered biliary and gastrointestinal anatomy, disclosure of biliary gastric reflux, and distinction between medical and surgical jaundice.

Biliary Dyskinesia↗
PubMed2000

[Day surgery for anal disease].

Historically, patients with anal diseases treated on a day surgery basis had inadequate cure rates and a high complication rate. After World War II, modern treatment methods were learned from the UK and USA and improved in Japan. However, the improved radical methods were so complex that approximately 2 weeks' hospitalization was needed. Recently, day surgery for various diseases including hemorrhoids has been recommended by the Japanese ministry of Health and Welfare. However, the characteristics of anal anatomy and physiology make the smooth healing of wounds difficult and tend to cause postoperative pain, bleeding, infection, prolonged healing time, etc. To prevent such difficulties, care must be well planned following the critical path of informed consent, careful surgery, postoperative observation, and management at home. However, hospital staff in charge of such surgery are under so much stress that only patients with less severe anal disease without local or systemic complications should be selected for day surgery.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗