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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

High-resolution computed tomographic imaging and pathologic features of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease: a review of three patients.

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare and severe form of pulmonary hypertension that is often difficult to differentiate from primary pulmonary hypertension. Differentiating these two entities before medical treatment is critical, as therapy commonly indicated for patients with primary pulmonary hypertension can be harmful and even fatal in patients with PVOD. In the setting of known pulmonary hypertension, computed tomography findings that are highly suggestive of PVOD include extensive, patchy centrilobular ground-glass opacities, ill-defined nodular densities, and interlobular septal thickening. Definitive diagnosis requires lung biopsy, demonstrating fibrous obliteration of the pulmonary venules and small veins of the lobular septa, with secondary medial hypertrophy of the pulmonary arteries. The purpose of this article is to review reported radiographic clues to the diagnosis of PVOD, as well as to illustrate these high-resolution computed tomography findings along with pathologic correlation.

Adult↗
PubMed1970

Computer analysis of routine pathology work schedules using a simulation programme.

A simulation programme is described which compares the efficiency of laboratory work schedules. The number of days' delay on a sample of request forms submitted to a routine biochemistry laboratory has been calculated for each of three schedules. Analysis of the results indicated that this method of comparing existing and potential work routines is likely to lead to a significant acceleration in the return of pathology results to the clinician.

Biochemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Sonographic findings in four cases of hemangiopericytoma. Correlation with computed tomographic, angiographic, and pathologic findings.

Four patients with hemangiopericytoma were examined with gray-scale sonography. Three of these patients were also evaluated by computed tomography (CT). The sonographic findings included well-defined, predominately cystic masses in two patients, a mixed solid and cystic mass in one, and a solid mass with shadowing in another. One hemangiopericytoma changed in sonographic appearance from cystic to solid following radiation. CT identified well-circumscribed masses in all three cases, but added little beyond what was seen on plain radiographs. Sonography may define the limits of a hemangiopericytoma, give information about the internal structure, and offer a way of following response to therapy. However, the sonographic features are varied and the often cystic nature of these tumors may be misleading.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mucocele of the appendix: computed tomographic, endoscopic, and pathologic correlation.

Mucoceles of the appendix are a rare group of lesions thought to occur as a sequelae of luminal obstruction as well as certain benign and malignant neoplasms of the appendix. Early, preoperative diagnosis is rare. We report a case of an appendiceal mucocele in which the diagnosis was suggested by computed tomographic imaging and colonoscopy, and confirmed at surgery. Radiologic, endoscopic, and pathologic correlations of this rare entity are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Teaching pathology without lectures through computer-based exercises, small-group discussions and reading.

The Department of Pathology at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School teaches a 205-hour, one semester course to 150 second-year students in the fall semester of the second year. The course begins with General Pathology (4 weeks) and continues with Systemic Pathology (12 weeks). In 1986, lectures were eliminated as a means of conveying the course content. Students were expected to read the textbook and to participate in obligatory small group discussions. Extensive computer based self-learning materials were provided in both MS/DOS and Macintosh formats. In 1991, these computer resources included the full text of Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, extensive question banks and a guide through the Slice of Life Videodisc. Over the past 6 years this modified curriculum has been enthusiastically received by the students and faculty. Student performance on internal and external examinations has been excellent. Approximately 4% of the graduating students select pathology for their post-graduate training.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rare benign and malignant appendiceal lesions: spectrum of computed tomography findings with pathologic correlation.

Although acute appendicitis is the most common disease of the appendix, the appendix can be involved by a wide range of diseases. Diseases other than acute appendicitis may produce signs and symptoms indistinguishable from those of acute appendicitis. Computed tomography (CT) can provide important information for diagnosis and evaluation of appendiceal diseases. The various CT and histologic features of appendiceal benign and neoplastic diseases are discussed, illustrated, and correlated in this article. Radiologists need to understand the full spectrum of appendiceal abnormalities, their underlying pathologic changes, and associated CT imaging findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Spontaneous isolated mesenteric fibromatosis: sonographic and computed tomographic findings with pathologic correlation.

Eight cases of spontaneous isolated mesenteric fibromatosis (SIMF) were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentations included palpable abdominal mass (n = 6), abdominal pain (n = 4), gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 2) and acute abdomen (n = 1). On sonography and computed tomography (CT), eight SIMFs (size range 3 to 24 cm, mean 14.8 cm) were categorized into four morphologic patterns: well-defined inhomogeneous, well-defined homogeneous, well-defined cystic or infiltrative mesenteric mass patterns. Well-defined inhomogeneous SIMF (n = 3) was correlated with the histopathologic finding of bundles of fibroblasts with unevenly intermingled hyaline and/or myxoid degeneration areas, whereas well-defined homogeneous SIMF (n = 2) showed scarce degenerative changes. Well-defined cystic SIMF (n = 2) were ascribed to the presence of large areas of myxoid and cystic degenerations. One SIMF presented as an infiltrative mesenteric mass and the patient died 10 months after diagnosis. Both cases of cystic SIMFs showed tumor recurrences and one patient died after 84 months. The other five patients were cured by radical tumor resection. In summary, sonography, similar to CT, is also useful for evaluating SIMF with protean morphologic features, ascribing to the underlying histopathologic changes with varied degrees of hyaline, myxoid or cystic degenerations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Exploration of the facial nerve canal by high-resolution computed tomography: anatomy and pathology.

A correlative study of the anatomy and the radiological appearance of the intratemporal course of the facial nerve canal was carried out. Isolated temporal bones and temporal bones of cadaver heads were examined with thin-section high-resolution computed tomography in the axial, coronal and Stenvers' projections, then sectioned with a microtome and the radiologic and anatomic images were correlated. Appropriate projections for visualization of each segment of the facial nerve canal on CT were established. The high-resolution CT Stenvers' projection proved very useful for visualization of the geniculate ganglion fossa, as also of the tympanic and mastoid segments in their full length. The high-resolution CT appearance of lesions characteristic for each segment of the facial nerve canal are presented.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Virtual computed tomography cystoscopy in bladder pathologies.

OBJECTIVE: Assessed the usefulness of virtual cystoscopy performed with multidetector computed tomography (CT) in patients with different urinary bladder pathologies compared to the conventional cystoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients with different bladder pathologies, which consisted of 11 tumors, 3 diverticula, 2 trabecular changes and 2 stones, were assessed with conventional cystoscopy and virtual CT cystoscopy. The results of virtual CT cystoscopy were compared with the findings of conventional cystoscopy. We determined the detection rate and positive predictive value of CT imaging based virtual cystoscopy in the diagnosis of urinary bladder lesions. RESULTS: CT scanning was well tolerated by all patients, and no complications occurred. Images in 16 (88%) of the 18 virtual cystoscopic examinations were either of excellent or good quality. All tumors except one, 2 trabecular changes and 2 stones were characterized with similar findings in the both of methods. The masses ranged from 0.4 to 7.0 cm in diameter. While conventional cystoscopy could not evaluate interior part of the diverticulum, virtual CT cystoscopy could demonstrate clearly within it. There were no false-positive findings in our series. CONCLUSION: Virtual CT cystoscopy is a promising technique to be used in the detection of bladder lesions. It should be considered especially at the evaluation of bladder diverticula. In the future, it may be possible or even advantageous to incorporate into the imaging algorithm for evaluation of bladder lesion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computed tomography and pulmonary pathology].

By using the data on 570 cases with lung cancer, 49 with various types of tuberculosis, 13 with benign tumours, and 223 with acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases, the authors of the paper analyze their diagnosis by using the currently available techniques X-ray computed tomography (CT). The role of CT is compared with the techniques of the so-called classical roentgenology. In the authors' opinion, CT for central lung cancer is of the greatest importance in its peribronchial malignancy while in peripheral lung cancer it provides an objective insight into the involvement of the pleura. As for a large group of pulmonary diseases which may be subsumed under the heading of inflammatory diseases, CT has proved to be also a highly effective diagnostic technique that correctly interprets some complicated cases to make an accurate diagnosis. By and large, computed tomography for pulmonary tuberculosis is more effective in the assessment of the extent of a process, in case-finding and in the definition of the characteristics of cavities, small ones in particular (as small as 3-4 mm), which are present in the consolidated infiltrates, tuberculomas and individual foci, as well as in the detection of small seeding foci. The authors consider CT to become one of the leading techniques in the diagnosis of major pulmonary disease.

Acute Disease↗