Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CATS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Reactive arthritis after cat bit: a rare manifestation of cat scratch disease--case report and overview].

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is a rarely recognized infectious disease in Germany. Only a few years ago the causative agent, Bartonella henselae, could be isolated. The typical clinical manifestations of CSD consist of skin changes at the inoculation site and a benign lymphadenopathy; other manifestations are rare. We report the case of a 47 year old woman, who developed a reactive spondylarthropathy with synovitis of finger joints, polyarthralgias of large- and medium-sized joints, and inflammatory spinal pain after a cat bite. The rheumatic manifestations resolved after 10 months by treatment with non-steroidal antirheumatic drugs. Only a few cases of rheumatic manifestations associated with CSD have been described in the literature. Because the prevalence of Bartonella henselae infection of cats is high in Europe, rheumatic manifestations might be more frequent. Diagnosis of CSD is now improved by the development of serological tests. We provide an overview of the clinical manifestations and the diagnostic criteria.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

High viral loads despite absence of clinical and pathological findings in cats experimentally infected with feline coronavirus (FCoV) type I and in naturally FCoV-infected cats.

Specified pathogen-free cats were naturally infected with FCoV or experimentally infected with FCoV type I. Seroconversion was determined and the course of infection was monitored by measuring the FCoV loads in faeces, whole blood, plasma and/or monocytes. Tissue samples collected at necropsy were examined for viral load and histopathological changes. Experimentally infected animals started shedding virus as soon as 2 days after infection. They generally displayed the highest viral loads in colon, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes. Seroconversion occurred 3-4 weeks post infection. Naturally infected cats were positive for FCoV antibodies and monocyte-associated FCoV viraemia prior to death. At necropsy, most animals tested positive for viral shedding and FCoV RNA was found in spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and bone marrow. Both experimentally and naturally infected cats remained clinically healthy. Pathological findings were restricted to generalized lymphatic hyperplasia. These findings demonstrate the presence of systemic FCoV infection with high viral loads in the absence of clinical and pathological signs.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Advances in the control of Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea) on cats and dogs.

Cat fleas are the most important ectoparasite of cats and dogs worldwide. During the past ten years, topical and oral applications of insecticides such as fipronil, imidacloprid, lufenuron and, most recently, selamectin have revolutionized cat-flea control. Recent studies show that these therapies eliminate the need to treat indoor and outdoor environments, and their use markedly reduces the severity and prevalence of flea allergic dermatitis. Surveys have yet to reveal the development of insecticide resistance to these chemical compounds. Extending the longevity of these effective host-targeted therapies should be a major goal of the veterinary community.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Multiple eyelid cysts resembling apocrine hidrocystomas in three Persian cats and one Himalayan cat.

Multiple eyelid cysts were evaluated and treated in four cats. Surgical removal of the cysts was performed in two cats. Histopathologic examination revealed multilocular cystic structures of various size. The cysts were lined by cuboidal to columnar cells with papillary or cystic projections into the cyst lumen. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant granules were seen within the apical cytoplasm of many of the cells. The eyelid masses in these cats resembled apocrine hidrocystomas in human beings, both clinically and on histopathologic examination.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Mucopolysaccharidosis in a domestic short-haired cat--a disease distinct from that seen in the Siamese cat.

A 10-month-old male domestic short-haired cat was examined because of progressive lameness, a broad face with depressed nasal bridge, small ears, corneal clouding, and multiple bone dysplasia. The cat excreted excessive amounts of glycosaminoglycan (a component of connective tissue) in its urine and had evidence of lysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycans in fibroblasts and neurons. Activity of alpha-L-iduronidase, a lysosomal enzyme involved in glycosaminoglycan degradation, was deficient in cultured fibroblasts and leukocytes. The mucopolysaccharidosis was distinct from that seen in Siamese cats in terms of the pathologic changes and the specific enzyme deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Determination of protein concentrations and their molecular weight in tears from cats with normal corneas and cats with corneal sequestrum.

Protein concentration was determined, using the Bradford technique, in tears from cats with normal corneas and from cats with corneal sequestrum. Tears from the former group contained 5.81 +/- 2.29 mg of protein/ml; those from corneal sequestrum-affected cats contained 6.21 +/- 2.21 mg/ml. Difference between the 2 values was not significant. Molecular weight determination was made, using 4 to 20% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Molecular mass of proteins ranged from 263 to 14 kDa. There was no detectable difference in the band patterns for the 2 groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A survey of the conjunctival flora of clinically normal cats and cats with conjunctivitis.

Conjunctival swabs obtained from 39 cats with conjunctivitis and from 50 cats with clinically normal conjunctivae were cultured for bacteria, mycoplasmas, viruses and chlamydiae. Non hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from both groups, but B hemolytic streptococci, rhinotracheitis (feline herpes I) virus, Mycoplasma felis and Chlamydia psittaci were recovered only from cases of conjunctivitis. The isolation rate of microorganisms was low; only two of 50 normal and 14 of 39 diseased cats yielded positive cultures.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A game of cat and mouse: xenografting of testis tissue from domestic kittens results in complete cat spermatogenesis in a mouse host.

Loss of genetic diversity because of infertility or the premature death of valuable individuals is a significant problem in the conservation of rare and endangered felid species, as well as in the maintenance of lines of cats used to study inherited feline and human disease. Attempts to overcome loss of genetic diversity have focused on freezing sperm; however, sperm cannot be collected from immature males. Previously, we reported completion of spermatogenesis in testis tissue from newborn pigs and goats grafted ectopically into host mice. The objective of this study was to extend the technique of testis tissue xenografting to the domestic cat as a model for felid species. Testes from 1- to 5-week-old domestic shorthaired kittens (n = 9) were cut into small fragments (about 0.5-1 mm3 each), and up to 8 fragments were grafted under the back skin of each castrated immunodeficient host mouse (n = 16). Histologic examination of the testis xenografts was performed between 5 and 54 weeks posttransplantation. At the time of grafting, the seminiferous cords of the donor testis tissue contained only immature Sertoli cells and gonocytes. At 14 weeks after grafting, tubular expansion was evidently caused by the proliferation of Sertoli cells and tubular lumen formation. By 18 weeks after transplantation, the seminiferous epithelium contained spermatocytes, and by 20 weeks, round spermatids were the most advanced types of germ cells. By 36 weeks after transplantation, xenografts of cat testis tissue had completed spermatogenesis. These results demonstrate the potential of xenografting to achieve full spermatogenesis in testis tissue from kittens. Therefore, sperm production in a mouse host can provide an alternative for germ line preservation from immature felids where sperm cryopreservation is not an option.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Predominance of canine parvovirus (CPV) in unvaccinated cat populations and emergence of new antigenic types of CPVs in cats.

Serological, sequence, and in vitro host range analyses of feline parvovirus (FPV) isolates in Vietnam and Taiwan revealed that more than 80% of the isolates were of the canine parvovirus (CPV) type, rather than feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV). Although parvovirus isolates from three Vietnamese leopard cats were genetically related to CPV type 2a or 2b, they had a natural mutation of VP2 residue 300 Gly to an Asp, resulting in remarkable changes in their antigenic properties. These results indicated the possibility that CPV-2a/2b-type viruses can spread in cats more efficiently than conventional FPLV under natural conditions and that CPV-2a/2b viruses are further evolving in cats.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Cell size and geometry of spinal cord motoneurons in the adult cat following the intramuscular injection of adriamycin: comparison with data from aged cats.

Adriamycin (ADM), an antineoplastic antibiotic, when injected intramuscularly, is taken up by motoneuron axonal terminals and retrogradely transported to the motoneuron soma where it exerts its neurotoxic effect. In the present study, ADM was injected into the hindlimb muscles of five adult cats. Measurements of the electrophysiological properties of the lumbar motoneurons innervating these muscles were obtained using intracellular techniques. Based upon these data the equivalent cylinder model of motoneurons was employed to evaluate ADM-induced changes in cell size and cell geometry. The size of cell somas in the ventral horn was also measured using light microscopy and computer imaging software. There were significant increases in the membrane time constant (25%) and input resistance (50%) in motoneurons whose muscles were treated with ADM (ADM-MNs) compared with data from control motoneurons (control-MNs). The increase in membrane time constant is attributed to an increase in membrane resistance; the increase in input resistance appears to depend upon both an increase in membrane resistance and a decrease in total cell surface area. Cell capacitance, which is proportional to the total cell surface area, was significantly reduced (15%) in ADM-MNs. Calculations based on cable theory indicate that while there was no significant change in the length of the equivalent cylinder for ADM-MNs, there was a significant decrease (17%) in the diameter of the equivalent cylinder. These data indicate that there is a decrease in total cell surface area which can be attributed to the shrinkage of branches throughout the dendritic tree. There was also a small (7%) but statistically significant decrease in the electrotonic length of ADM-MNs. Morphological analysis also revealed that the mean cross-sectional area of the somas of those ventral horn neurons which are likely to correspond to the motoneuron population was significantly reduced on the ADM-treated side compared to that of neurons on the control side. We conclude that significant geometrical changes were induced in lumbar motoneurons of adult cats after ADM was injected to their muscles. In old cats, spinal cord motoneurons exhibit similar patterns of changes in their electrophysiological characteristics which have also been suggested to be correlated with changes in cell geometry. The question then arises as to whether the response of motoneurons to ADM and the aging process reflects a stereotypic reaction of motoneurons to a variety of insults or whether the response to ADM mirrors specific aspects of the aging process.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibody based radioimmunoassay for the quantitation of the main cat allergen (Fel d I or Cat-1).

A two-site solid-phase radioimmunoassay has been developed for the quantitation of the main cat allergen, Fel d I or cat allergen 1. The assay is based on two different monoclonal antibodies which recognize different epitopes on the Fel d I molecule; one antibody (C5/24) was immobilized on the solid phase and the other (C5/8) was labeled with 125I, being the allergen molecule sandwiched between them. The assay is specific for the Fel d I molecule and sensitive enough to detect as little as 0.25 ng/ml of allergen. The Fel d I RIA was compared with a radial immunodiffusion technique for the determination of allergen levels in several cat extracts and a good quantitative correlation was found. The same good correlation was found when the results obtained with the Fel d I RIA were compared with the determination of the total allergenic activity by RAST inhibition. The results indicate that the MAb RIA could be very useful in the standardization of allergenic extracts from feline origin.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

Walking of cats on a grid: performance of locomotor task in spinal intact and hemisected cats.

We have investigated interlimb coordination during walking by observing locomotion of cats on a grid. Control cats made no error in forelimb placement on the grid, and landed their hindlimbs on the rung where each ipsilateral forelimb left moments earlier. This suggests that locomotor command signals were modified by grid information including its size and direction and affected the pattern generators of both forelimbs and hindlimbs. Hemisected cats, made both at high cervical and lower thoracic, showed deteriorated placement of the hindlimbs suggesting that interlimb coordination is carried out mainly by descending pathways from the brainstem such as ventrolateral fasciculus and dorsolateral fasciculus. Interlimb reflex pathways may play a limited role.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Demonstration of a partially cryptic epitope of the major cat allergen Fel d 1: consequences for mAb-based standardization of cat extracts.

BACKGROUND: Antiallergen mAbs that do not recognize clinically important isoforms have been described, raising the question of the selection of mAbs for quantifying major allergens in order to standardize allergenic extracts. This question is even more critical if mAbs can discriminate between different forms of allergen molecules with the same amino acid sequence. OBJECTIVE: We sought to demonstrate that an anti-Fel d 1 mAb was able to discriminate between two forms of the major cat allergen independently of its amino acid sequence and to determine the relative importance and stability of both forms in various cat extracts. METHODS: Anti-Fel d 1 mAbs were raised in mice and characterized. By using two of these mAbs, a two-site ELISA was developed to quantify Fel d 1 in mass units. RESULTS: One of the anti-Fel d 1 mAbs developed was shown to specifically recognize a particular form of Fel d 1. A two-site ELISA with this mAb to capture Fel d 1 was able to quantify the allergen specifically in this form. It was then shown that (1) the quantitative importance of this form of Fel d 1 could vary from one cat extract to another, (2) Fel d 1 was converted into this form under certain conditions, and (3) both converted and unconverted forms of Fel d 1 may bear IgE epitopes that are specific. CONCLUSION: Although the present study emphasizes the issue of selecting mAbs that are not too specific to standardize allergenic extracts, it also demonstrates that very specific mAbs can be of interest, especially to verify the stability of allergens in extracts, since this stability might have clinical implications.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Oculoglandular syndrome. Cat-scratch disease without the cat scratch.

Oculoglandular syndrome and swelling of the parotid gland are unusual manifestations of cat-scratch disease. Although exposure to cats is considered an important part of the patient history, an actual cat scratch is not required to establish the diagnosis. Oral fluoroquinolones show promise in the treatment of the infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Quantification of an estrogen-dependent cat uterine protein (CUPED) in uterine flushings of estrogen- and progesterone-treated ovariectomized cats by radioimmunoassay.

We previously reported the purification of an estrogen-dependent cat uterine protein (CUPED) and the preparation of a specific anti-CUPED serum in rabbits. Here, we describe a specific radioimmunoassay for CUPED using the purified CUPED and anti-CUPED serum that was utilized to quantify CUPED in daily uterine flushings obtained from steroid-treated ovariectomized cats. The radioimmunoassay was sufficiently sensitive to measure 0.1-100 ng CUPED. CUPED levels were low in untreated ovariectomized cats, increased within one day after the onset of treatment with estradiol, and remained elevated as long as estradiol was unopposed by progesterone. The levels of CUPED decreased when progesterone was added to the treatment regimen either 7, 14, or 28 days after the initiation of estradiol treatment. The data indicate that the presence of CUPED in the uterine flushings is dependent on the presence of estradiol and the absence of progesterone, that CUPED appears in the uterine lumen within one day after the onset of treatment with estradiol, and that the levels of CUPED are sharply reduced within one day of administration of progesterone and become nondetectable after three days.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Changes in the electrophysiological properties of cat spinal motoneurons following the intramuscular injection of adriamycin compared with changes in the properties of motoneurons in aged cats.

1. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of adriamycin (ADM, Doxorubicin) on the basic electrophysiological properties of spinal cord motoneurons in the adult cat. ADM was injected into the biceps, gastrocnemius, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles of the left hindlimb (1.2 mg per muscle). Intracellular recordings from motoneurons innervating these muscles were carried out 12, 20, or 40 days after ADM administration and from corresponding motoneurons in untreated control cats. 2. Twelve days after ADM injection, motoneurons innervating ADM-treated muscles (ADM MNs) exhibited statistically significant increases in input resistance, membrane time constant, and amplitude of the action potential's afterhyperpolarization (AHP). In addition, there was a statistically significant decrease in rheobase and in the delay between the action potential of the initial segment (IS) and that of the somadendritic (SD) portion of the motoneuron (IS-SD delay). There were no significant changes in the resting membrane potential, threshold depolarization, action potential amplitude, or axonal conduction velocity. 3. The changes in electrical properties of motoneurons at 20 and 40 days after ADM injection were qualitatively similar to those observed at 12 days. However, at 40 days after ADM injection there was a statistically significant decrease in the axonal conduction velocity of the ADM MNs. 4. The normal correlations that are present between the AHP duration and electrical properties of the control motoneurons were observed in the ADM MNs, e.g., AHP duration was positively correlated with the input resistance and time constant and negatively correlated with the axonal conduction velocity. The correlation coefficients, however, were reduced in comparison with the control data. 5. This study demonstrates that ADM exerts significant effects on the electrical properties of motoneurons when injected into their target muscles. The majority of the changes in motoneuron electrical properties caused by ADM resemble those observed in motoneurons of aged cats. Additional research is required to determine whether the specific changes induced in motoneurons by ADM and those that occur in motoneurons in old age are due to similar degradative mechanisms.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1992

Relation of brain weight to body weight in cats to sex and paw preferences: anomalous results in left-preferent cats.

The well known relationship between brain weight and body weight was restudied in cats considering paw preference assessed by the food reaching test. The brain weight was found to be directly related to the body weight in the total sample, males, females, right-preferents, ambidexters, male right-preferents, male left-preferents, and female right-preferents. There was, however, no significant correlation between these parameters in the left-preferent cats. As a further anomalous result, there was a negative linear correlation between brain and body weights in the left-preferent female cats. It was suggested that the well-known allometric law that brain size increases with body weight should be reanalyzed in studies of neural evolution considering cerebral lateralization and sex-related differences.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A study of skin diseases in dogs and cats. II. Microflora of the normal skin of dogs and cats.

A study of the microflora of the normal skin was undertaken in 10 dogs and 10 cats. Swabs were taken from the surface of the skin at 7 different sites (Fig. 1). Micrococcus spp., alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and Acinetobacter spp. were found consistently in both species. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 9 dogs and 4 cats, and staphylococcus epidermidis from 7 dogs and 5 cats. Beta-hemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium spp., Bacillus spp., Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas spp., and Alcaligenes spp. were found sporadically.

Animals↗