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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Positron emission tomography scan in the diagnosis and follow-up of aortitis of the thoracic aorta.

We report a case of a 62-year-old female patient with an inflammatory reaction of the thoracic aortic wall. The diagnosis was made by computed tomographic (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomographic scan with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET). The patient was treated with corticosteroids. The inflammatory parameters as well as FDG-uptake on PET scan returned to normal. Due to its aspecific presentation, the diagnosis of aortitis is often hard to establish. With this case the possible role of FDG-PET scan as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of this inflammatory aortic disorder was demonstrated.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postinflammatory elastolysis and cutis laxa: report of a case with aortitis.

A 17-month-old black female manifested an acute febrile dermatosis followed by the development of cutis laxa and aortitis. The neutrophilic, acute inflammatory nature of the disease is emphasized. Pathologically, both the skin and the aorta were affected by a lesional process that shared common morphologic attributes and resulted in extensive elastolysis. However, the disease appears to differ from other entities characterized by generalized degradation of elastic fibers.

Aortitis↗
PubMed1999

Cogan's syndrome with refractory abdominal aortitis and mesenteric vasculitis.

Cogan's syndrome is a rare multisystem disease characterized by ocular inflammation, vestibuloauditory dysfunction, and vasculitis. We report a 26-year-old Caucasian woman who died from Cogan's syndrome. Her case illustrates that patients with Cogan's syndrome can have abdominal aortitis and mesenteric vasculitis, and that the vasculitis can be refractory to methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and chlorambucil.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Primary bacterial aortitis].

Primary bacterial aortitis represents a rare disease with a high lethality. From June 1997 to April 1999 5 patients with an abdominal aortic infection were treated by resection of the infected aorta and in-situ reconstruction or by extra-anatomic bypass. There was no treatment in one case because of the infaust prognosis. 3 patients survived, one with a paraparesis as a result of spinal ischemia. On the basis of our patients the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms with diagnosis and the therapeutic options are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Tuberculous aortitis, ruptured 48 years after therapeutic implantation of synthetic balls.

A case of tuberculous aortitis, ruptured 48 years after an implantation of synthetic balls into the extrapleural space was reported. Those balls were implanted as a therapeutic alternative to artificial pneumothorax for treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Free perforation was triggered by debridement of an expanding cold abscess. A tuberculous abscess adjacent to the arterial wall should be carefully managed even in the absence of the blood flow by image analysis.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Inflammatory and infectious aortitis].

Takayasu's disease is the most characteristic example of aortitis. Non-specific aortoarteritis is the only one with stenotic lesions of the aorta. Ischemic symptoms depend of the arterial lesions. Diagnosis is funded on topographic of arterial involvement. CT scan and ultrasound are the method of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients. Compared to controls, patients with giant cell arteritis are 17 times more likely to develop thoracic aortic aneurysm. The risk of this location could justify a systematic research of an aortic involvement during the follow up of patients with temporal arteritis. Saccular aneurysms are an unusual manifestation of Behçet's disease but as in Horton's disease the poor prognosis impose a systematic evaluation. Syphilitic aortic is actually very rare, staphylococcus and salmonella are the main causes of mycotic aneurysms.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1992

Early venous coronary bypass graft occlusion in a patient with non-specific aortitis: a case report.

A 58-year-old woman with aortic valve regurgitation and bilateral ostial coronary artery stenosis due to non-specific aortitis is presented. Four months after aortic valve surgery and venous bypass surgery, orificial occlusion or high grade stenosis of the bypass grafts occurred. Repeat coronary arteriography was followed by cardiac arrest and emergency surgery but patient did not survive. The etiology, pathological findings and surgical approach are discussed.

Aorta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary aortoduodenal fistula due to septic aortitis.

We report the second case of a primary aortoenteric fistula resulting from septic aortitis with a contained aortic leak into the retroperitoneum and finally erosion into the duodenum. An emergency laparotomy revealed a fistula between the third part of the duodenum and a decompressed sac (false aneurysm) arising from a nonaneurysmal, grossly infected pararenal aorta. The purpose of this report is to present this rare case in detail and to review primary aortoenteric fistulas reported in the English language literature. Most fistulas form in association with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and rarely are due to infection. Only 6% of patients presented with the classic triad of abdominal pain, a palpable mass, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Although 29% of patients presented with massive hemorrhage, adequate time usually existed for surgical treatment of these complications. A patient with ill-defined abdominal pain and fever who suddenly develops a palpable abdominal mass should have an emergency ultrasound or CT scan to exclude the possibility of an infected aortic aneurysm or a contained rupture of an infected nonaneurysmal aorta. If the symptoms are associated with bleeding and the patient is hemodynamically stable, emergent endoscopy should also be performed. If a primary aortoenteric fistula or an aortic pseudoaneurysm is confirmed, emergent surgery should be undertaken to avoid rupture into the bowel or retroperitoneum.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed2005

Relapsing polychondritis with aortitis without valvular involvement.

Relapsing polychondritis is a multisystemic disease of unknown etiology that mainly involves the cartilaginous portions of the ear, nose, and trachea. Occasionally, there is involvement of the cardiovascular system, which usually results in severe morbidity and mortality. The most common manifestation of cardiovascular involvement is aortic root dilation resulting in aortic regurgitation. We describe the first case in Korea, a 51-year-old woman with relapsing polychondritis with aortitis, but without aortic valve involvement. She presented only with complaints of abdominal pain, and was successfully treated with corticosteroids and methotrexate.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

An unusual presentation of salmonellal aortitis.

Our patient represents what we believe to be the first documented case of Salmonella choleraesuis aortitis presenting as a salmonellal empyema in an elderly diabetic man. Although S choleraesuis often causes septicemia, its absence should not lead one to forget the pathogenic nature of and high mortality associated with this organism. Aggressive efforts must be made to search for endovascular infection, because cures can be achieved only with surgical intervention and prolonged antibiotic therapy.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1990

A morphological comparison of treatment with different beta-lactam antibiotics on experimental staphylococcal endocarditis and aortitis.

The effect of treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis and aortitis with five different beta-lactam antibiotics (ceftazidime, cephaloridine, cefotaxime, methicillin and flucloxacillin) was evaluated by light and electron microscopy. It was found that therapy with all five antibiotics produced similar morphological changes. At 3 and 8 h, the bacterial colonies showed zonal changes with the bacteria furthest from the lumen exhibiting less severe damage while the outer region consisted largely of lysed cells. However, in the outer zone a few apparently viable, thick-walled persistent bacteria were observed. At 24 and 48 h, many colonies consisted of large masses of lysed bacteria with only a few thick-walled persistent bacteria. In all cases, therapy was associated with an increased host inflammatory cell response resulting in invasion of leucocytes through the aortic wall or vegetation towards and engulfing the colonies. However, even at 48 h the inflammatory cells had not reached all the deep-seated colonies. It would appear that all the antibiotics reached bactericidal concentrations within the lesions. However, the eradication of the few 'persistent' bacteria was delayed by the inability of the inflammatory cells to reach all the colonies.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgical consideration of aortitis involving the aortic root.

Most serious complications after aortic valve replacement (AVR) in Takayasu's and Behçet's diseases are repeated detachment of the prosthetic valve and formation of a false aneurysm. Therefore, special consideration of the surgical treatment of aortitis involving the aortic root is required. Fifteen patients (12 with Takayasu's disease and three with Behçet's disease) underwent various surgical procedures, depending on the pathological changes in the aortic valve and the aortic root and on the degree of involvement of the coronary artery. Group 1 patients had coronary artery involvement alone and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (n = 3); group 2 patients had aortic regurgitation with an intact coronary artery and underwent AVR or a modified Bentall procedure (n = 7); and group 3 patients had aortic regurgitation with coronary artery involvement and underwent AVR, a modified Bentall procedure, or translocation with CABG (n = 5). A prosthetic valve or composite graft with a Teflon felt flange at the sewing ring was fabricated during surgery by exact measurement of the sizes of the aortic annulus and distal aorta and treatment with fibrin glue before insertion. The double-fixation method with reinforcement by a Teflon felt strip was employed for anastomosis of the flanged prosthesis. The button-shaped coronary ostium was directly anastomosed to the composite graft. One patient required translocation with CABG because of a deteriorated annulus. There were no operative or hospital deaths. One patient died of a brain abscess at 6 months after surgery, and another patient who underwent CABG required CABG reoperation due to graft occlusion. We recommend postoperative steroid therapy in patients who are diagnosed as being in the active stage of the disease until inflammatory signs disappear.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Aortitis due to metastatic gas gangrene.

Clostridium septicum bacteremia and its association with hematologic malignancy and colorectal cancer have been well recognized. Panwalker, in a recent review, discussed clostridial sepsis and other unusual infections associated with colorectal tumors, including streptococcal bovis and Bacteroides. He reports the coexistence of colorectal cancer and metastatic Clostridium septicum infections at multiple sites. We describe a case in which a patient with an occult cecal carcinoma develops Clostridium septicum sepsis and thoracic aortitis secondary to metastatic gas gangrene. This dramatic and unusual complication has not previously been documented. The necessity of colonic evaluation with Clostridium septicum bacteremia is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[A successful case report of aortic valve replacement in aortitis c AR].

A 36-year-old female was referred as aortitis c AR with atypical coarctation of aorta (obstruction of both subclavian arteries and long stenosis of lt. common carotid artery) and complained of untolerable angina repeatedly in the state of NYHA IV. AVR was performed successfully and CHF symptoms were disappeared. In the operation, pulsatile high flow was maintained using PAD during ECC for the protection of brain and kidney and double patch was used to fix SJM 23 A. Postoperative catheterization showed good cardiac function without valve detachment. To prevent valve detachment, it was most important to control the inflammation sufficiently by steroid hormone before and after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aortic regurgitation caused by giant cell aortitis.

A case of giant cell aortitis causing aortic regurgitation is reported. The aortic valve was replaced with a Medtronic-Hall prosthesis. The patient has been followed for seven months, during which time she received steroid therapy. There was good evidence of hemodynamic correction, but no evidence of further progress in the arteritis has been noted. The pathological and clinical problems of this disease are discussed.

Adult↗