Adjustable suture of the vertical pulmonary vein for repair of infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “vertical connectivity”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Positive polarotaxis in a mayfly that never leaves the water surface: polarotactic water detection in Palingenia longicauda (Ephemeroptera).
Tisza mayflies, Palingenia longicauda (Olivier 1791), swarm exclusively over the river Tisza (from which the name of the mayfly was derived). This river is bordered by a high vertical wall of trees and bushes, which hinder P. longicauda to move away horizontally from the water. During swarming, Tisza mayflies fly immediately above the river in such a way that their cerci touch the water frequently or sweep its surface. This continuous close connection with water and the vertical wall of the shore and riparian vegetation result in that Tisza mayflies never leave the water surface; consequently, they need not search for water. Several Ephemeroptera species move away far from water and return to it guided by the horizontal polarization of water-reflected light. To reveal whether also P. longicauda is or is not polarotactic, we performed a field experiment during the very short swarming period of Tisza mayflies. We show here that also P. longicauda has positive polarotaxis, which, however, can be observed only under unnatural conditions, when the animals are displaced from the water and then released above artificial test surfaces. P. longicauda is the first species in which polarotactic water detection is demonstrated albeit it never leaves the water surface, and thus, a polarotactic water detection seems unnecessary for it. The polarotactic behaviour of Tisza mayflies explains the earlier observation that these insects swarm above wet asphalt roads running next to river Tisza.
Animals↗
Totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection and complex congenital heart disease: prenatal echocardiographic diagnosis and prognosis.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of prenatal cardiac diagnosis, prognosis, and outcome of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and to determine echocardiographic clues in the prenatal diagnosis of isolated TAPVC or TAPVC in association with other complex congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS: We reviewed our 13-year experience of prenatal diagnosis of TAPVC. Thirteen fetuses were identified with the diagnoses of TAPVC. We systematically analyzed the individual pulmonary veins by color and pulsed Doppler imaging, the presence of a pulmonary venous confluence, the pulsed and color Doppler evaluation of the vertical vein, and sites of connections. Prenatal diagnosis was confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, surgery, or autopsy. RESULTS: The mean gestational age at diagnosis of TAPVC was 26.3 weeks (range, 20-33 weeks). There were 8 fetuses with TAPVC and right isomerism, 3 fetuses with other associated CHD, and 2 with isolated TAPVC. There were 7 fetuses with supracardiac TAPVC, 4 with infracardiac TAPVC, and 2 with mixed TAPVC. Pulmonary vein color and pulsed Doppler data were available in 10 of 13 fetuses. The pulmonary venous confluence was visualized in all fetuses except 1. The vertical vein was visualized in all fetuses. Five fetuses had suspected signs of obstruction. The diagnosis was confirmed postnatally or at autopsy in 12 cases. Eight patients underwent surgery; 6 died, and 2 were alive. Two patients had compassionate care and died; 3 pregnancies were terminated. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to diagnose accurately complex CHD, including the pulmonary venous connections. When diagnosed prenatally, TAPVC carries a poor prognosis.
Adult↗
Versatile mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring.
A mobile lidar (light detection and ranging) system for environmental monitoring is described. The optical and electronic systems are housed in a truck with a retractable rooftop transmission and receiving mirror, connected to a 40-cm-diameter vertically looking telescope. Two injection-seeded Nd:YAG lasers are employed in connection with an optical parametric oscillator-optical parametric amplification transmitter, allowing deep-UV to mid-IR wavelengths to be generated. Fast switching that employs piezoelectric drivers allows multiwavelength differential absorption lidar for simultaneous measurements of several spectrally overlapping atmospheric species. The system can also be used in an imaging multispectral laser-induced fluorescence mode on solid targets. Advanced LabVIEW computer control and multivariate data processing render the system versatile for a multitude of measuring tasks. We illustrate the monitoring of industrial atmospheric mercury and hydrocarbon emissions, volcanic sulfur dioxide plume mapping, fluorescence lidar probing of seawater, and multispectral fluorescence imaging of the facades of a historical monument.
Journal Article↗
[Electron microscopic observation for periodontal tissue regeneration after implantation of atelocollagen membrane].
The purpose of the present study was to clarify wound healing process of periodontal tissue following experimental flap surgery, when applied the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technique using a cross-linked atelocollagen membrane (AM). Mucoperiosteal flaps were made on the palatal gingiva of maxillary first molars of rats. The cementum was removed by curettage in order to expose the dentin surface. An AM was implanted into the site of dissection in the experimental group, while the control group received no implantation. The resorption processes of AM and wound healing processes of exposed root surface in the experimental group were examined by electron microscopic observation, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days, and 2, 3 months after the implantation. While the wound healing processes of periodontal tissue in the control group were examined at the fine structural level, 2 and 3 months after the flap surgery. The results were as follows. At the resorption processes of AM, the early invasion of a large number of neutrophils appeared in the site of of implantation. Neutrophils were attracted to and adhered to the AM fibers over the first few days after. AM was resolved to fine fibrous structure by the neutrophils between 1 and 3 days. A large number of macrophages appeared in the implanted site between 3 and 7 days, and neutrophils subsided after 5 days. The implanted material was rapidly resolved be macrophages with active phagocytosis, sometimes forming giant cells. Fibroblasts were invading to peripheral gingival connective tissue and were development of microfilament were observed. The implanted materials were completely resolved after 14 days. In light microscopical findings, of the experimental group, epithelial downgrowth was markedly inhibited, fibrous bundles of the gingival connective tissue were clearly arranged vertical to the root surface and new cementum tissue deposited to the root surface after 21 days. At electron microscopic observation in early stage of healing, dens granular layer (d. g. l.) was presented to the dentin surface. After 2 or 3 months of the control group, high density fibrous layer increased to the root surface. Connective tissue fiber bundles were paralleled to the root surface. The above results indicate that the GTR technique using an atelocollagen membrane may provide an effective method to promote periodontal tissue regeneration after periodontal surgery.
Animals↗
Complex networks created by aggregation.
We study aggregation as a mechanism for the creation of complex networks. In this evolution process vertices merge together, which increases a number of highly connected hubs. We study a range of complex network architectures produced by the aggregation. Fat-tailed (in particular, scale-free) distributions of connections are obtained for both networks with a finite number of vertices and growing networks. We observe a strong variation of a network structure with growing density of connections and find the phase transition of the condensation of edges. Finally, we demonstrate the importance of structural correlations in these networks.
Journal Article↗
Medium-lead burst neurons related to vertical saccades in cat Forel's field H: input from vestibular nucleus.
The present study was undertaken to investigate synaptic connections between medium-lead burst neurons (MLBNs) related to vertical saccades in Forel's field H and vestibular nucleus (VN) neurons. Extracellular spikes were recorded from single MLBNs and their responses to VN stimulation were examined using chronically prepared alert cats. Twenty of 30 upward MLBNs and 10 of 22 downward MLBNs could be synaptically activated mainly by the ipsilateral VN stimulation with spike latencies of 2.2-12.0 and 1.9-11.7 ms, respectively. These results suggest that there exist di- or polysynaptic connections which transfer velocity signals for vertical saccades from the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus neurons to the vertical MLBNs.
Animals↗
[Spatial organizations of projections from area 18 to area 17 in the cat visual cortex].
Spatial distribution of efferent neuronal connections from area 18 to area 17 in the cat was investigated using the microiontophoretic horseradish peroxidase injections in a single cortical columns of area 17. The localization of rertogradely labelled cells in area 18 was determined and plots of labelled cells distribution in the plane of cortical surface, in the sagittal and in the frontal planes were done. It was shown that neuronal connections from area 18 to the single column in area 17 are elongated (in the cortical surface plane) in the same rostrocaudal direction, along the representation of visual field vertical meridian, just as the intrinsic horizontal connections in area 18. This findings demonstrate the spatial correspondence between efferent and intrinsic connections distributions in area 18. Such area 18 connections provide more detailed analysis of the vertical components of visual objects.
Animals↗
Fucntional specialization and binocular interaction in the visual areas of rhesus monkey prestriate cortex.
If is is believed that neural mechanisms mediating stereoscopic vision may be localized in specific areas of the visual cortex, then it becomes necessary to be able to define these areas adequately. This is no easy matter in the rhesus monkey, an animal close to man, where the cytoarchitecturally uniform prestriate cortex is folded into deep sulci with secondary gyri. One way around this awkward problem is to use the callosal connections of the prestriate cortex as the anatomical landmarks. Callosal connections are restricted to regions at which the vertical meridian is represented. Since the visual fields, including the vertical meridian, are separately represented in each area, each has its own callosal connections. These are of great help in defining some of the boundaries of these areas, since the boundaries often coincide with the representation of the vertical meridian. With the visual areas thus defined anatomically, it becomes relatively easy to assign recordings to particular areas. Studies of binocular interactions in these areas reveal that most cells in all prestriate areas are binocularly driven. Hence, theoretically, all of the prestriate areas are candidates for stereoscopic mechanisms. The degree of binocular interaction varies from cell to cell. At the two extremes are cells which either respond to monocular stimulation only and are inhibited by binocular stimulation or ones which respond to binocular stimulation only. Changing, as opposed to fixed, disparity is signalled by two types of cells. In one category are cells activated in opposite directions for the two eyes. Such cells are always binocularly driven. In the other category are cells, some of which are monocularly activated, that are capable of responding to changing image size. In the monkey, both these categories of cells have so far been found in the motion area of the superior temporal sulcus only.
Animals↗
Clinical application of biodegradable rib connecting pins in thoracotomy.
BACKGROUND: To assess the usefulness in rib reconstruction of biodegradable connecting pins made of polylactide (PLA), PLA rib pins were compared with conventional non-absorbent aluminous ceramic rib pins (alumina rib pins) in terms of their ability for fixing and healing of cut ribs in thoracic surgery. METHODS: There were 13 cases of rib fixation after thoracotomy using PLA rib pins and 11 cases using alumina rib pins, all of which were inserted into the medulla of the stump of the ribs that had been cut at thoracotomy to secure a larger surgical field. The observation period was 6 months after the operation. RESULTS: The degree of vertical shift of the ribs connected with PLA rib pins was significantly reduced compared with the degree using alumina rib pins. In chest radiographs clear zones around the pins, indicating a delay in bone neogenesis, were observed frequently around the alumina rib pins but were absent around the PLA rib pins. Osteosynthesis using PLA rib pins was significantly more favorable than with alumina rib pins. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that the PLA rib pin was superior to the alumina rib pin for fixing and healing of the cut rib.
Adult↗
Cortical connections of MT in four species of primates: areal, modular, and retinotopic patterns.
Cortical connections were investigated by restricting injections of WGA-HRP to different parts of the middle temporal visual area, MT, in squirrel monkeys, owl monkeys, marmosets, and galagos. Cortex was flattened and sectioned tangentially to facilitate an analysis of the areal patterns of connections. In the experimental cases, brain sections reacted for cytochrome oxidase (CO) or stained for myelin were used to delimit visual areas of occipital and temporal cortex and visuomotor areas of the frontal lobe. Major findings are as follows: (1) The architectonic analysis suggests that in addition to the commonly recognized visual fields, area 17 (V-I), area 18 (V-II), and MT, all three New World monkeys and prosimian galagos have visual areas DL, DI, DM, MST, and FST. (2) Measurements of the size of these areas indicate that about a third of the neocortex in these primates is occupied by the eight visual areas, but they occupy a somewhat larger proportion of neocortex in the diurnal marmosets and squirrel monkeys than the nocturnal owl monkeys and galagos. The diurnal primates also have proportionally more neocortex devoted to areas 17, 18, and DL and less to MT. These differences are compatible with the view that diurnal primates are more specialized for detailed object and color vision. (3) In all four primates, restricted locations in MT receive major inputs from short meandering rows of neurons in area 17 and several bands of neurons in area 18. (4) Major feedforward projections of MT are to two visual areas adjoining the rostral half of MT, areas MST and FST. Other ipsilateral connections are with DL, DI, and in some cases DM, parts of inferotemporal (IT) cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. (5) In squirrel monkeys, where injection sites varied from caudal to rostral MT, caudal parts of MT representing central vision connect more densely to DL and IT than other parts. Both DL and IT cortex emphasize central vision. (6) In the frontal lobe, MT has dense connections with the frontal ventral area (FV), but not with the frontal eye field (FEF). (7) Callosal connections of MT are most dense with matched locations in MT of the other hemisphere, rather than with the outer boundary of MT representing the vertical meridian. Targets of sparser callosal connections include FST, MST, and DL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Animals↗
Computed tomography of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in adults.
OBJECTIVES: To systematically describe the imaging features and clinical correlates of a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) in adults. METHODS: Twenty-nine adults with a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection on CT were retrospectively identified. There were 19 women and 10 men, with a mean age of 53 (range: 19-83) years. Four cases were identified by review of 1825 consecutive chest CT reports from July 2000-July 2001, and 25 cases were culled from chest radiology teaching files at 3 institutions. Inclusion criteria were availability of CT images and medical charts. Chest radiographs (25 of 29 cases) were reviewed for mediastinal contour abnormalities, heart size, and pulmonary vascular pattern. Chest CT scans were reviewed for location, size, and drainage site of the anomalous vein; presence or absence of a pulmonary vein in the normal location; cardiac size and configuration; and pulmonary vasculature. Charts were reviewed for evidence of pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, history of congenital heart disease, and results of other cardiac imaging. RESULTS: The prevalence of a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection was 0.2% (4 of 1825 chest CT reports). Seventy-nine percent (23 of 29 patients) had an anomalous left upper lobe vein connecting to a persistent left vertical vein, only 5% (1 of 23 patients) of whom had a left upper lobe vein in the normal location. Seventeen percent (5 of 29 patients) had an anomalous right upper lobe vein draining into the superior vena cava, 60% (3 of 5 patients) of whom also had a right upper lobe pulmonary vein in the normal location. One patient (3%) had an anomalous right lower lobe vein draining into the suprahepatic inferior vena cava. Chest radiographic findings were abnormal left mediastinal contour in 64% (15 of 25 patients), abnormal right mediastinal contour in 8% (2 of 25 patients), and cardiomegaly in 24% (6 of 25 patients). Computed tomography findings were cardiomegaly in 48% (14 of 29 patients), right atrial enlargement in 31% (9 of 29 patients), right ventricular enlargement in 31% (9 of 29 patients), and pulmonary artery enlargement in 14% (4 of 29 patients). Pulmonary or cardiovascular symptoms were present in 69% (20 of 29 patients), 55% (11 of 20 patients) of whom had specific alternative diagnoses (excluding congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension) to explain the symptoms. Only 1 patient (3%) was diagnosed with a secundum atrial septal defect. CONCLUSIONS: A partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection was seen in 0.2% of adults on CT. In contrast to previous series focusing on children, the anomalous vein in adults was most commonly from the left upper lobe, in women, and infrequently associated with atrial septal defects.
Congenital Abnormalities↗
Otolith and semicircular canal contributions to the human binocular response to roll oscillation.
Three normal human subjects were oscillated about their naso-occipital axis in a supine position at 0.4 Hz and 0.1 Hz, both in darkness and in the light with a structured fixation target. The same subjects were oscillated in roll about an upright position, at the same frequencies, in darkness; and also about axes directed 20 degrees and 40 degrees to the left and to the right of the midsagittal plane, at 0.4 Hz, in darkness. Three-dimensional binocular eye movements were recorded using video-oculography. All stimuli induced a predominantly torsional nystagmus with small disconjugate head-vertical (skew) and conjugate head-horizontal components. For roll oscillation, the torsional slow phase velocity gain was higher in the light and generally increased with the stimulation frequency. In darkness, only one subject had significantly higher torsional gains in the upright compared to the supine position (12% difference), suggesting that the otolith contribution to the roll response is minimal at the frequencies tested. The slow phase velocity gain of the skew increased with fixation in two subjects. but decreased in the third subject; these changes were related to changes in eye vergence. In the upright position, with oblique axes of rotation, the head-vertical eye movements were asymmetrical, with the outermost eye executing a larger amplitude movement. The disconjugate head-vertical eye movements observed can be explained by the pattern of vertical semicircular canal stimulation and their connections to the extraocular muscles. In humans, skewing of the eyes may compensate for the eccentricity of the foveae which lie in the temporal retina and undergo vertical translations in opposite directions when the eyes tort.
Adult↗
Steiner minimal trees, twist angles, and the protein folding problem.
The Steiner Minimal Tree (SMT) problem determines the minimal length network for connecting a given set of vertices in three-dimensional space. SMTs have been shown to be useful in the geometric modeling and characterization of proteins. Even though the SMT problem is an NP-Hard Optimization problem, one can define planes within the amino acids that have a surprising regularity property for the twist angles of the planes. This angular property is quantified for all amino acids through the Steiner tree topology structure. The twist angle properties and other associated geometric properties unique for the remaining amino acids are documented in this paper. We also examine the relationship between the Steiner ratio rho and the torsion energy in amino acids with respect to the side chain torsion angle chi(1). The rho value is shown to be inversely proportional to the torsion energy. Hence, it should be a useful approximation to the potential energy function. Finally, the Steiner ratio is used to evaluate folded and misfolded protein structures. We examine all the native proteins and their decoys at http://dd.stanford.edu. and compare their Steiner ratio values. Because these decoy structures have been delicately misfolded, they look even more favorable than the native proteins from the potential energy viewpoint. However, the rho value of a decoy folded protein is shown to be much closer to the average value of an empirical Steiner ratio for each residue involved than that of the corresponding native one, so that we recognize the native folded structure more easily. The inverse relationship between the Steiner ratio and the energy level in the protein is shown to be a significant measure to distinguish native and decoy structures. These properties should be ultimately useful in the ab initio protein folding prediction.
Amino Acids↗
On the vegetative network of guinea pig thoracic spinal cord.
A dense AChE-positive network was visualized by light microscopy in the thoracic spinal cord of grown-up guinea pigs of both sexes (bodyweight 250-300 g). This network connects in a horizontal and vertical direction the preganglionic sympathetic nuclei (n. intermediolateralis pars principalis (ILp), n. intermediolateralis pars funicularis (ILf), n intercalatus spinals (IC), n. intercalatus pars paraependymalis (ICpe), (Petras and Cummings, 1972) all along the thoracic spinal cord. In addition to AChE activity, the bundles of fibers of this network also show a strong formaldehyde-induced NA fluorescence. Electron microscopy demonstrated granular vesicles in the cytoplasm of ILp cells. The surface of the ILp and IC neurons is almost entirely covered with synaptic bottons which have clear and granulated synaptic vesicles. The bundles of fibers consists of parallel myelin-free axones and dendrites. On their cource the axones form varicosities. In the varicosities and in the synaptic enlargements there are also clear and granulated (40-100 nm) vesicles. The probable origin of the vegetative network fibers of guinea pig thoracic spinal cord is discussed.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
In situ pericardium repair of pulmonary venous obstruction after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
A 13-month-old boy with recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC, Darling IIa + Ia) was treated successfully with in situ pericardium repair consisting of unroofing coronary sinus at 2 months. At 8 months, stenosis of the right upper and lower pulmonary veins (PV) and left lower PV were detected, and PVO was relieved via resection of the stenosis site and recutback. Echocardiography 3 months later showed obstructed bilateral PVs and connection between left PVs and vertical veins. At reoperation, we conducted in situ pericardium repair for right PVO and anastomosed left PVs to the left atrial appendage. The postoperative course was satisfactory. Echocardiography 12 months later showed no evidence of PVO, but cardiac catheterization 12 months later showed mild obstruction on the right side and normal venous drainage on the left. Although the long-term prognosis is unknown, this sutureless technique is effective in recurrent PVO.
Humans↗
[Incarceration of a calibrating band after vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity: diagnostic and therapeutic implications].
About a case of migration of the strip of grading placed during a gastroplasty, and revealed by a severe complication on the occasion of the transformation of a typical Mason gastroplasty in Mac Lean gastroplasty, we formulate the following propositions: 1) The staple line dehiscence of Mason's vertical gastroplasty can be bound (connected) to an excessive tightening of the strip and let us suggest lengthening (stretching out) his 2 cm length with regard to the usually recommended dimension. 2) It is necessary to look for systematically this confinement, in case of reintervention for staple line dehiscence; to ignore it is to expose itself, if we transform the Mason surgery into Mac Lean surgery, to deteriorate a fistula which the staple line dehiscence had until then contributed to hide (darken).
Female↗
Halo-body device.
A halo-body system is described which has been developed at Princess Margaret Rose Orthopaedic Hospital in Edinburgh. The system is easy to apply and consists of a standard halo, linked to malleable plates by two hollow vertical rods. These rods are connected to the ring by swivel joints which allow for the movements of flexion and extension. The malleable plates are incorporated into the plaster jacket which rests upon the iliac crests. The results of 13 patients who have had this system applied are discussed and include patients who have sustained fractures of the cervical spine or who have had bone destruction from metastatic disease or from infection. Using this type of system there have been few complications and the patients have benefitted from easy mobilisation.
Cervical Vertebrae↗