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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Grating Discs: a simplified method of testing vision in infants and young children.

We have developed a simple new method of evaluating visual function in young children about 15 to 36 months of age. Our Grating Discs system consists of six discs with a striped pattern and one homogeneous disc. One striped disc and the homogeneous disc are presented simultaneously, and the examiner observes whether the subject can discriminate between the two. The patterned discs have vertical stripes of different widths from 16 to 0.5 mm. At a testing distance of 57 cm, the visual resolution required for discriminating the grating ranges from 96 min of arc (0.01) to 3 min of arc (0.33) in one-octave steps; at a testing distance of 114 cm the required resolution ranges from 48 min (0.02) to 1.5 min (0.67). Using this system, we evaluated the visual acuity of normal infants and young children. Their ability to discriminate the finer gratings improved with increasing age, and more than 90% of the normal subjects in the 36-month group tested at 0.67. We also examined young children with known ocular pathologies and compared the results with acuity measurements obtained with the preferential looking test. The latter method gave acuities slightly better than those from the Grating Disc system, but the finding with the two techniques were generally in good agreement. Grating Discs are a simple, compact, effective tool for rapid assessment of visual function in young children.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1979

Infant vision testing by a behavioral method.

A behavioral method of screening binocular infant vision called forced choice preferential looking (FPL) has been developed. Clinical trials of the FPL test for young infants are reported here. The test aids nonspecialized personnel in early identification of bilateral ocular abnormalities and anomalies of binocular cooperation (strabismus). It is not possible to screen for monocular eye disease or amblyopia with this test. Modifications of the FPL test may offer new ways of assessing other aspects of visual function early in life.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Can clinical colour vision tests be used to predict the results of the Farnsworth lantern test?

Clinicians usually do not have access to a lantern test when making an occupational assessment of the ability of a person with defective colour vision to recognise signal light colours: they must rely on the results of ordinary clinical tests. While all colour vision defectives fail the Holmes Wright Type B lantern test and most fail the Holmes Wright Type A lantern, 35% of colour vision defectives pass the Farnsworth lantern. Can clinical tests predict who will pass and fail the Farnsworth lantern? We find that a pass (less than two or more diametrical crossings) at the Farnsworth Panel D 15 Dichotomous test has a sensitivity of 0.67 and specificity of 0.94 in predicting a pass or fail at the Farnsworth lantern test: a Nagel range of > 10 has a sensitivity of 0.87 and a specificity of 0.57. We conclude that neither the D 15 nor the Nagel Anomaloscope matching range are satisfactory predictors of performance on the Farnsworth Lantern.

Color Perception Tests↗