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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Formation of neurons in the sexually dimorphic anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area of the rat: effects of prenatal treatment with testosterone propionate.

An examination was made of neurogenesis in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPv) of the preoptic area of the rat using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analog, and a BrdU-specific antibody. Cells in the AVPv of adult rats were labeled with the antibody when BrdU was injected into pregnant rats once during day 13 to 18 of gestation, but not during day 10 to 12 nor 19 to 20 of gestation nor on postnatal day 1, indicating the neurogenesis of the AVPv occurs during a limited period from day 13 to 18 of gestation. Next, to examine the effects of androgen on neurogenesis, BrdU was injected once on day 15 into pregnant rats that also received injections of testosterone propionate (TP). The number of BrdU-labeled cells in the AVPv was similar in control female and male fetuses and female fetuses from pregnant rats that received daily injections of TP during days 14 to 16, when fetuses were examined on day 17 of gestation. These results suggest that the neurogenesis that was recognized by labeling with BrdU was not affected by the treatment with TP. On day 21 of gestation, BrdU-labeled cells in the AVPv of control male fetuses and female fetuses that received TP during days 14 to 18 were fewer in number than those in female fetuses of the control group, whereas treatments with TP during days 14 to 16 and during days 17 to 18 did not cause any significant decrease in number of BrdU-labeled cells. These findings can support the hypothesis that elimination of a population of cells, for example, by cell death as described previously, is enhanced in male fetuses and in female fetuses treated with TP repetitively.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Noradrenergic peripheral denervation of the female rat accelerates the positive feedback mechanisms resulting in pubertal ovulation, and blocks the modifications induced by administration of testosterone propionate at birth.

The noradrenergic innervation of the ovary of prepubertal rats causes an inhibitory response of the follicles to gonadotrophins, leading to ovulation. We investigated the possibility that noradrenergic peripheral denervation at birth, produced by treatment with guanethidine, modifies the positive feedback effects of gonadotrophins and oestradiol in prepubertal rats, and also the possibility that peripheral denervation can modify the anovulatory syndrome induced by androgenization at birth. Noradrenergic peripheral denervated rats of 18 days of age treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) ovulated 96 h later, while normal animals did not ovulate (4/9 vs 0/12, P < 0.05) and the number of ova shed was lower than in rats which ovulated spontaneously at first vaginal oestrus (3.5 +/- 0.6 vs 8.3 +/- 0.4 (S.E.M.), P < 0.01). Oestradiol benzoate (10 micrograms) did not induce ovulation in either normal or denervated animals (0/11 and 0/11). The anovulatory syndrome induced by the administration of testosterone propionate (75 micrograms) at birth was partially blocked by noradrenergic peripheral denervation (4/7 ovulated vs 0/10). The results suggest that some neural information arising from the ovary modulates, in an inhibitory way, the stimulatory feedback mechanisms required to induce ovulation. Partial inhibition of the anovulatory syndrome resulting from androgenization caused by peripheral noradrenergic denervation suggests that noradrenergic neural information sent by the ovary to the hypothalamus results in a decreased concentration of noradrenaline in the hypothalamus and in the aromatization of androgens to oestrogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Testosterone propionate administration prevents the loss of neurons within the central part of the medial preoptic nucleus.

In the rat, the central part of the medial preoptic nucleus (MPNc) of the male is larger in volume and has a greater number of neurons than that of the female. The nucleus of the female, however, can be "sex reversed" by exposing the rat to gonadal steroids perinatally. The purpose of the present study was to examine the development of the MPNc to determine when the sex difference first appears and whether this difference occurs due to the relative accumulation of neurons into the compact part of the MPNc of the male and sex-reversed female rat or to the loss of MPNc neurons in the control female. Pregnant, female Sprague-Dawley rats were given an injection of [3H]methyl thymidine on embryonic day 18 (E18). Rats were exposed to testosterone propionate (TP) or vehicle from E20 to postnatal day 10 (PN10) or until the time of sacrifice. Pups from three groups [males (oil), females (oil), and sex-reversed females (TP)] were sacrificed on PN2, PN4, PN7, PN10, or PN30. The volume of the compact part of the MPNc increased in males and sex-reversed females after PN4 but the volume in the nucleus of females remained relatively constant. The number of neurons and [3H]thymidine-labeled cells remained elevated from PN2-PN30 in males or sex-reversed females but decreased dramatically in oil-treated females between PN4 and PN7, reaching a minimal number by PN10. Cell cross-sectional area increased with age while cell density decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[The weights of genital organs in germfree and conventional ICR mice administered with hCG, estradiol benzoate, progesterone and testosterone propionate (author's transl)].

Female germfree (Gf) and conventional (Cv) ICR mice aged 21-25 days were administered with hCG (50IU/head/day for 2 days). Six hours after the last administration, uterine weights of Gf and Cv mice were 175.8 mg% and 238.7 mg% respectively, the difference between Gf and Cv animals was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Ovariectomized Gf and Cv mice aged 80-150 days were successively administered with estradiol benzoate (0.02 mg/head/day for 5 days). Six hours after the last administration, uterine weights of Gf and Cv mice were 358.8 mg% and 462.7 mg% respectively, being statistically significant between Gf and Cv animals (p less than 0.01). After administration of estradiol benzoate (0.02 mg/head/day for 2 days), 1.0 mg/head/day of progesterone for 3 days were given ovariectomized Gf and Cv mice aged 80-150 days. Six hours after the last administration, uterus of Gf and Cv mice were weight 337.6 mg% and 423.5 mg% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Castrated Gf and Cv mice aged 80-150 days were administered with 1.0 mg of testosterone propionate (head/day for 5 days). Six hours after the last administration, weights of seminal vesicle and coagulating gland of Gf and Cv mice were 376.0 mg% and 611.8 mg% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01).

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