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Telepathology using Internet multimedia electronic mail: remote consultation on gastrointestinal pathology.

The feasibility of using the Internet for remote pathology consultation was examined. We assessed the diagnostic agreement between two groups of pathologists who independently evaluated histopathological cases exchanged by Internet electronic mail. The exchange was between two different workstations using readily available software not specifically developed for telemedicine. Data and images from 76 cases were transmitted to four pathologists. An average of 4.5 images per case were transmitted at compression ratios of between 6:1 and 40:1, corresponding to 250 kByte of data per case. In two cases the remote pathologists could not make a diagnosis. Agreement was reached in 63 of the other 74 (kappa = 0.79). In 11 cases (15%) there was a misdiagnosis. However, the results are encouraging and suggest that Internet electronic mail can be used successfully for remote consultation in pathology.

Computer Communication Networks↗

[Telemedicine with emphasis on telepathology--its beginnings and future prospects in Bosnia-Herzegovina].

Telemedicine is a rather new activity which covers various approaches in order to fulfill the main task which can be expressed in a more comprehensive way such as "remote medicine" or "medicine on distance". The first telemedical relation has been established with Zagreb, Croatia in November 1996 by means of PHAROS. One month later the Institute of Pathology together with the Radiology and Ophthalmology Clinic of University Hospital of Sarajevo joined the experimental project "SHARED" (a telemedicine initiative to support remote health care structure, proposed by the San Raffaele International, Biomedical Science Park with Stato Maggiore della diffesa and European Space Agency). During the first phase, which started in July 1996, we had 40 consultations that showed us the first results and advantages of using this system. After that we had 31 consultations more. Due to problems in the infrastructure and lack of experts, small country like Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) sees telemedicine as a future in its health care organising.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗