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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1969

Thiosulfate reductase isolated from Desulfotomaculum nigrificans.

A thiosulfate reductase from Desulfotomaculum nigrificans has been partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, diethylaminoethylcellulose chromatography, and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. With inner-and outer-labeled (35)S-thiosulfate, the enzyme reduced only the outer sulfur atom to hydrogen sulfide. The enzyme was inhibited by sulfite and also by several sulfhydryl inhibitors. The K(m) value for this enzyme was calculated to be 1.3 x 10(-1)m. Other inorganic sulfur compounds, such as sulfate, sulfite, tetrathionate, and dithionate, were not reduced by this enzyme.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1996

Sodium thiosulfate in the treatment of tumoral calcifications in a hemodialysis patient without hyperparathyroidism.

Extraskeletal tumoral calcifications (TC) may occur in patients with end-stage renal disease. The TC usually develop in the presence of secondary hyperparathyroidism or a high calcium x phosphate product, while other factors have been also occasionally implicated in their development. At present, no uniformly accepted effective treatment has been described for this condition. We describe a 58-year-old female patient with end-stage renal disease who 7 years after the onset of dialysis presented with pain and movement restriction of various joints. A skeletal X-ray showed huge amounts of periarticular TC. The TC occurred in the absence of hyperparathyroidism or a high calcium x phosphate product as evidenced by hormonal and biochemical examination as well as by a bone biopsy specimen that revealed an adynamic bone disease with significant aluminum staining. Sodium thiosulfate, an inorganic salt that has been claimed to inhibit the formation and to favor the solubility and the mobilization of calcified masses, was administered to the patient, and after a long period of treatment considerable radiological regression of the TC with concurrent clinical recovery was noticed. Aluminum intoxication, along with other factors, was considered to be the cause of TC development. The use of sodium thiosulfate seemed to be a reasonable nonspecific therapeutic approach for the management of TC in this case.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2002

Safety of intraventricular sodium nitroprusside and thiosulfate for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in the intensive care unit setting.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We have recently reported the safety of intraventricular sodium nitroprusside for the treatment of cerebral ischemia from vasospasm. Treatments have been accompanied previously by cerebral angiography to gauge treatment effect on established vasospasm. We presently report the safe coadministration of intraventricular sodium nitroprusside and thiosulfate in 10 patients with secured ruptured cerebral aneurysms in the intensive care unit, without the use of cerebral angiography for vasospasm treatment. METHODS: Patients were considered eligible for treatment on the basis of subarachnoid hemorrhage grade or manifestation of cerebral vasospasm by either transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) or neurological examination criteria. The route of administration was intraventricular, by way of ventriculostomy. Two separate protocols differing in dosage frequency were used, depending on the presence or absence of a new neurological deficit. Response to treatment was measured by TCD and neurological criteria. RESULTS: Good outcome was observed in 7 of 8 vasospasm patients presenting with clinical subarachnoid hemorrhage grade > or =3. Four patients demonstrated reversal of well-defined neurological deficits (hemiparesis, paraparesis) in the setting of treatment. Seven patients demonstrated a decrease in TCD velocities within 1 hour of treatment. Two patients died: 1 from intractable vasospasm despite maximal medical management and angioplasty and 1 from pulmonary causes. One episode of hypotension occurred in the setting of a high dose of medication. This responded promptly to medical management. Prolonged intracranial hypertension did not occur; modest elevations of both intracranial pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were observed when nausea and vomiting were associated with treatment, which occurred commonly in awake subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Intraventricular sodium nitroprusside with thiosulfate may be safely administered in the intensive care unit setting without the requirement of cerebral angiography to guide the effects of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Vascular ossification-calcification in metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and calciphylaxis-calcific uremic arteriolopathy: the emerging role of sodium thiosulfate.

BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification is associated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and end stage renal disease. Each of the above contributes to an accelerated and premature demise primarily due to cardiovascular disease. The above conditions are associated with multiple metabolic toxicities resulting in an increase in reactive oxygen species to the arterial vessel wall, which results in a response to injury wound healing (remodeling). The endothelium seems to be at the very center of these disease processes, acting as the first line of defense against these multiple metabolic toxicities and the first to encounter their damaging effects to the arterial vessel wall. RESULTS: The pathobiomolecular mechanisms of vascular calcification are presented in order to provide the clinician-researcher a database of knowledge to assist in the clinical management of these high-risk patients and examine newer therapies. Calciphylaxis is associated with medial arteriolar vascular calcification and results in ischemic subcutaneous necrosis with vulnerable skin ulcerations and high mortality. Recently, this clinical syndrome (once thought to be rare) is presenting with increasing frequency. Consequently, newer therapeutic modalities need to be explored. Intravenous sodium thiosulfate is currently used as an antidote for the treatment of cyanide poisoning and prevention of toxicities of cisplatin cancer therapies. It is used as a food and medicinal preservative and topically used as an antifungal medication. CONCLUSION: A discussion of sodium thiosulfate's dual role as a potent antioxidant and chelator of calcium is presented in order to better understand its role as an emerging novel therapy for the clinical syndrome of calciphylaxis and its complications.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Isolation and identification of sodium 2-propenyl thiosulfate from boiled garlic (Allium sativum) that oxidizes canine erythrocytes.

Sodium 2-propenyl thiosulfate was identified in boiled garlic (Allium sativum). When canine erythrocytes were incubated with sodium 2-propenyl thiosulfate, the methemoglobin concentration and Heinz body percentage in erythrocytes were both increased, indicating that the compound induced oxidative damage in canine erythrocytes. It seems that this compound is one of the causative agents of garlic-induced hemolysis in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Intraperitoneal cisplatin with systemic thiosulfate protection.

Seventeen patients with intraperitoneal tumors were treated by 4-hour intraperitoneal dialysis with cisplatin alone, or in combination with an intravenous neutralizing agent, sodium thiosulfate. Cisplatin alone, 90 mg/m2 body surface area intraperitoneally, produced nephrotoxicity. When intraperitoneal cisplatin therapy was combined with intravenous thiosulfate treatment, the dose of cisplatin could be escalated to 270 mg/m2 body surface area without causing an increase in serum creatinine levels or undue myelosuppression. Even at doses up to 270 mg/m2, no local toxicity occurred. The peak peritoneal concentration of free reactive cisplatin averaged 21-fold higher than the plasma level, and the area under the peritoneal cisplatin elimination curve averaged 12-fold more than the area under the plasma curve. Neither of these ratios varied significantly with cisplatin dose. Regression of intraperitoneal tumor masses was observed in patients with far-advanced ovarian carcinoma, mesothelioma, and malignant carcinoid.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intra-arterial cis-platinum infusion with sodium thiosulfate protection and angiotensin II induced hypertension for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CDDP; 52-169 mg/m2) mixed with angiotensin II (1.5-10 micrograms/min) was infused into the hepatic artery in 33 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Simultaneously, sodium thiosulfate (10-50 g) was administered intravenously in order to reduce the systemic toxicity of CDDP. Over 50 per cent reduction in tumor size was obtained in 18 patients (55%). Complete response was achieved in 4 patients (12%). Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels decreased by more than 75 per cent in 10 of 18 patients in whom the previous AFP level was more than 200 ng/ml. The one year survival rate was estimated at 61 per cent by the Kaplan-Meier method. Alimentary symptoms (nausea, vomiting) were mild or non-existent in nearly 90 per cent of treatments. Peptic ulcer and abdominal pain were manifested in small numbers. Severe changes in the laboratory data were not observed. High dosage arterial infusion of CDDP and angiotensin II and intravenous injection of sodium thiosulfate was well tolerated and gave effective therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plaque enhancement effect of sodium thiosulfate for foot-and-mouth disease viruses.

A plaque enhancement effect by the addition of sodium thiosulfate for foot-and-mouth disease viruses was demonstrated when this salt was incorporated in agar and in agarose overlay media. Most of the mechanism is obscure, however, as one of the effects is that sodium thiosulfate seems to interact in a reversible manner against the plaque inhibitor action of neutral red in cellular cytoplasm. A plaque inhibitor contained in agar could be removed in some degree by the addition of this salt.

Agar↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of sodium thiosulfate on the pancreas in experimental pancreatitis].

Histological and histochemical study of the pancreas of albino rats and experimental pancreatitis showed the use of sodium thiosulfate to considerably inhibit the progress of necrotic changes and circulatory disturbance. The preparation prevented recidivation of pancreatitis and inhibited sclerotic changes in the gland. Sodium thiosulfate stimulated the regenerative process including regenerative hypertrophy and expressed epimorphosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Thiosulfate as an intermediate product of bacterial sulfate reduction].

Sulfur compounds produced at intermediate stages during transformation of sulfate to sulfide were analyzed in experiments with a culture of sulfate reducing bacteria. Small quantities of thiosulfate can accumulate in the medium at the beginning of growth of the sulfate reducing bacterium. The data are discussed and compared with the results of Chambers and Trudinger (1975) who could not detect thiosulfate in similar experiments.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1998

Antimicrobial activity of organic thiosulfates (Bunte salts).

A number of organic thiosulfates (Bunte salts) were prepared from appropriate primary bromides or iodides. In the case of substrates with long aliphatic chains, an addition of benzyltrimethylammonium chloride as phase transfer catalyst was very successful. The Bunte salts obtained were tested for antibacterial and fungicidal activity by means of the agar disc-diffusion method and by assignation of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). It was found that the microorganisms Proteus vulgaris, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest sensitivity. Biological activity of the compounds studied was dependent on the length of the aliphatic chain. Among the investigated compounds, aliphatic thiosulfates with 10-13 carbon atom chain were the most potent.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Surface-renewable cobalt(II) hexacyanoferrate-modified graphite organosilicate electrode and its electrocatalytic oxidation of thiosulfate.

Cobalt(II) hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) was deposited on graphite powder by an in situ chemical deposition procedure and then dispersed into methyltrimethoxysilane-derived gels to prepare a surface-renewable CoHCF-modified electrode. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode in different supporting electrolyte solutions was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. In addition, square-wave voltammetry was employed to investigate the pNa-dependent electrochemical behavior of the electrode. The CoHCF-modified electrode showed a high electrocatalytic activity toward thiosulfate oxidation and could thus be used as an amperometric thiosulfate sensor.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Use of immobilized cytochrome c as a ligand for affinity chromatography of thiosulfate dehydrogenase from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.

Three matrices were used for immobilizing the cytochrome c: Sepharose CL-4B, Silasorb SPH amine and a laboratory-prepared new matrix based on crosslinked triazine (2,4,6-tris(aminoethylamine)-1,3,5-triazine) (TAT). Cytochrome c was immobilized on the matrices by several procedures and the amount of incorporated cytochrome c was determined. Cytochrome c immobilized on Sepharose CL-4B with periodate activation, cytochrome c immobilized on Silasorb-amine with carbodiimide activation and cytochrome c immobilized on crosslinked triazine were suitable for purification of thiosulfate dehydrogenase from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The yield with all matrices was about 90%. The purification factor of the above matrices was about 15. A new matrix based on TAT with cytochrome c represented a suitable way for thiosulfate dehydrogenase purification.

Acidithiobacillus↗
PubMed2005

A surface adsorption/reaction mechanism for gold oxidation by copper(II) in ammoniacal thiosulfate solutions.

Literature data for gold dissolution in ammoniacal copper(II) thiosulfate solutions is reinterpreted on the basis of adsorption and mixed potential theory. The dissolution reaction appears to take place via the adsorption of copper(II)-ammonia-thiosulfate onto the gold surface, forming the adsorbed species perpendicular to Au(S2O3)nCu(NH3)-(2n-2)p. Equilibrium constants for the formation of these species from Cu(NH3)(2+)m are in the range Kads=172-510 (molar units) for m=4, n=1 or 2, and p=2 or 3. These complexes decompose with a rate constant of kAu=1.7 x 10(-4)molm(-2)s(-1), to produce Au(S2O3)(3-)2 and Cu(NH3)+(3) or Cu(NH3)+(2), where the copper(I) complexes in solution are re-equilibrated to the more stable species Cu(S2O3)3-(2) and Cu(S2O2)5-(3).

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

Melioribacter sulfuriphilus sp. nov., facultatively anaerobic thermophilic sulfur- and thiosulfate-respiring bacterium from Karmadon hot springs of North Ossetia (Russian Federation).

Novel facultatively anaerobic moderately thermophilic bacteria, strains OK-6-MeT and OK-1-Me, were isolated from the hot springs of Karmadon (North Ossetia, Russian Federation). Gram-stain-negative, motile rods were present singly, in rosettes, and formed biofilms. Both strains grew optimally at 55 °C, pH 7.0 and did not require sodium chloride. They were chemoorganoheterotrophs, growing on mono-, di- and polysaccharides (cellulose, xylan, lichenan, xyloglucan, mannan, locust bean gum, pectin) as well as proteinaceous substrates (gelatin, casein). Growth under anaerobic conditions was observed both in the presence and absence of external electron acceptors (sulfur, thiosulfate, nitrite, arsenate, Fe-citrate, ferrihydrite). Major cellular fatty acids of both strains were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, and anteiso-C17:0. The size of the genomes were 3.3 and 3.2 Mb for strain OK-6-MeT and OK-1-Me, respectively. Genomic DNA G + C content was 37% for both strains. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequence and conserved protein sequences phylogenies, the strains represented a new species of the genus Melioribacter of family Melioribacteraceae within the class Ignavibacteria, for which the name Melioribacter sulfuriphilus sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain OK-6-MeT (= B-3972T = CGMCC 1.18264 T = BIM B-2154T = UQM 41932T). Analysis of OK-1 and OK-6 metagenomes revealed presence of various genes involved in carbon (CO2 fixation, carbohydrate hydrolysis, hydrocarbons degradation, fermentation), nitrogen (nitrate, nitrite, NO and N2O reduction) and sulfur cycles (sulfate reduction, sulfur or thiosulfate reduction, oxidation of sulfur compounds). MAGs OK-1-035 and OK-6-024 almost identical to genomes of strain OK-1-Me and OK-6-MeT presumably are integral part of these complex trophic chains.

Facultative anaerobe↗
PubMed2006

Unexpected formation of higher polythionates in the oxidation of thiosulfate by hypochlorous acid in a slightly acidic medium.

It has been clearly shown that not only tetrathionate but also pentathionate or even higher polythionates is formed in the oxidation of thiosulfate by hypochlorous acid in a slightly acidic medium. In thiosulfate excess, the absorbance-time curves registered at 250 nm may go through a maximum followed by a minimum, suggesting the presence of a short-lived absorbing intermediate proposed to be S(2)O(3)OCl(3-). Matrix rank analysis (MRA) studies have revealed that altogether five independent absorbing species are present in the wavelength range 240-400 nm. A kinetic model is suggested to take all of the experimental observations into account.

Letter↗
PubMed1987

Importance of Hydrogen Sulfide, Thiosulfate, and Methylmercaptan for Growth of Thiobacilli during Simulation of Concrete Corrosion.

Biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete surfaces caused by thiobacilli was reproduced in simulation experiments. At 9 months after inoculation with thiobacilli, concrete blocks were severely corroded. The sulfur compounds hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, and methylmercaptan were tested for their corrosive action. With hydrogen sulfide, severe corrosion was noted. The flora was dominated by Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Thiosulfate led to medium corrosion and a dominance of Thiobacillus neapolitanus and Thiobacillus intermedius. Methylmercaptan resulted in negligible corrosion. A flora of heterotrophs and fungi grew on the blocks. This result implies that methylmercaptan cannot be degraded by thiobacilli.

Journal Article↗