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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Hemodynamic and hormonal effects of neutral endopeptidase inhibitor SCH 39370 in sheep.

Whole body clearance of atrial natriuretic factor is due to both receptor uptake and enzymatic degradation initiated by neutral endopeptidase 24.11. The effects of neutral endopeptidase inhibition have been studied in seven sodium-replete sheep using SCH 39370, a specific and potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase, in the presence or absence of exogenous hormone [rat ANF-(101-126), 2.4 pmol/kg/min for 2 hours]. SCH 39370 alone (2.5 mg/kg bolus) increased plasma atrial natriuretic factor and plasma cyclic GMP levels, lowered arterial pressure for periods beyond changes in plasma atrial natriuretic factor or cyclic GMP, and suppressed both plasma aldosterone and cortisol levels when compared with vehicle injections. The effects of SCH 39370 were similar to or exceeded those of atrial natriuretic factor infusions, which induced significantly greater increases in plasma atrial natriuretic factor (p = 0.01). Neither agent alone was natriuretic. When SCH 39370 and atrial natriuretic factor were given together, plasma cyclic GMP but not atrial natriuretic factor levels were increased (p = 0.013) compared with atrial natriuretic factor infusion alone, and the half-life was prolonged (p = 0.002) in the presence of SCH 39370. The hypotensive response was greater than that induced by atrial natriuretic factor alone (p = 0.03) but not different from SCH 39370 alone. Inhibitory effects of SCH 39370 on aldosterone levels were similar in the presence of absence of exogenous atrial natriuretic factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aldosterone↗
PubMed2002

Anaphylaxis to Haemaccel and cross reactivity to Gelofusin.

A recent change from Haemaccel to Gelofusin as the preferred colloid for resuscitation in our region caused us to review patients who were known to be allergic to Haemaccel. As Gelofusin and Haemaccel are both modified gelatine, it seemed likely that cross reactivity could occur. Two patients who had been diagnosed previously as having had anaphylactic reactions to Haemaccel were tested intradermally with dilutions of 1/100 of Haemaccel and Gelofusin. Both patients showed similar positive reactions to each agent. It appears that patients who are known to be allergic to Haemaccel are probably allergic also to Gelofusin. Both patients have been given new Medic Alert bracelets stating "Allergic to Haemaccel and Gelofusin".

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1998

A comparison of three fluid-vasopressor regimens used to prevent hypotension during subarachnoid anaesthesia in the elderly.

We aimed to compare the efficacy of fluid preloading with two recently recommended fluid-vasopressor regimens for maintaining blood pressure during subarachnoid anaesthesia in the elderly. Sixty elderly patients requiring surgery for traumatic hip fractures received subarachnoid anaesthesia using 0.05 ml/kg of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine. Hypotension, i.e. systolic arterial pressure < 75% of baseline, was prevented or treated by: A--normal saline 16 ml/kg plus intravenous ephedrine boluses (0.1 mg/kg); B--normal saline 8 ml/kg plus intramuscular depot ephedrine (0.5 mg/kg); or C--Haemaccel 8 ml/kg plus metaraminol infusion. Systolic arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded using custom-written computer software (Monitor, version 1.0). Systolic arterial pressure decreased in all groups after five minutes (P < 0.001). Decreases were greatest in group A (P < 0.05). Heart rate increased by 7% group A and decreased by 9% in group C (P < 0.05). During the first hour, hypotension was present for 47%, 25% and 20% of the time in groups A, B and C respectively and overcorrection of systolic arterial pressure occurred in 19% of the time in group C. We conclude that treatment A was inadequate in preventing hypotension. Treatments B and C were more effective but were associated with an increased heart rate and overcorrection of systolic arterial pressure respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Some factors affecting a commercial kit for radioimmunoassay of digoxin using tritiated digoxin.

Some factors affecting results of digoxin determinations using one commercially available radioimmunoassay kit are described and discussed. Serum of pregnant women, cord blood, amniotic fluid and serum of patients taking spironolactone may show erroneously high digoxin activity due to lack of specificity of the antiserum. Cross-reaction with digitoxin was found to vary substantially with antibody-lot. Haemaccel (5 g/1) in the sample leads to too low results. When ethanol (100 g/1) is present results are too high. The need for testing the specifity of every new lot of antiserum before use is stressed.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2005

Drug-induced anaphylaxis : case/non-case study based on an italian pharmacovigilance database.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the number of cases of anaphylaxis reported in association with different classes of drugs and compare it with other reports contained in the same database. METHODS: The data were obtained from a database containing all of the spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) coming from the Italian regions of Emilia Romagna, Lombardy and the Veneto, which are the main contributors to the Italian spontaneous surveillance system. The ADRs reported between January 1990 and December 2003 with a causality assessment of certainly, probably or possibly drug related (according to the WHO criteria) were analysed using a case/non-case design. The cases were defined as the reactions already coded by the WHO preferred terms of 'anaphylactic shock' or 'anaphylactoid reaction' (this last term also included anaphylactic reaction) and those with a time of event onset that suggested an allergic reaction and involved at least two of the skin, respiratory, gastrointestinal, CNS or cardiovascular systems; the non-cases were all of the other ADR reports. The frequency of the association between anaphylaxis and the suspected drug in comparison with the frequency of anaphylaxis associated to all of the other drugs was calculated using the ADR reporting odds ratio (ROR) as a measure of disproportionality. RESULTS: Our database contained 744 cases (including 307 cases of anaphylactic shock with 10 deaths) and 27 512 non-cases. The percentage of anaphylaxis cases reported in inpatients was higher than that among outpatients (59.1% vs 40.9%). This distribution is significantly different from that of the other ADR reports that mainly refer to outpatients. After intravenous drug administrations, anaphylactic shock cases were more frequent than anaphylactoid reactions or other ADRs, but more than one-third of these reactions were caused by an oral drug. Blood substitutes and radiology contrast agents had the highest RORs. Among the systemic antibacterial agents, anaphylaxis was disproportionally reported more often for penicillins, quinolones, cephalosporins and glycopeptides, but diclofenac was the only NSAID with a significant ROR. As a category, vaccines had a significantly lower ROR, thus indicating that anaphylaxis is reported proportionally less than other ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: Anaphylaxis is a severe ADR that may also occur with commonly used drugs. It represents 2.7% of all of the ADRs reported in an Italian spontaneous reporting database.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed1990

The production of tumour necrosis factor, tissue thromboplastin, lactoferrin and cathepsin C during lipopolysaccharide stimulation in whole blood.

The release of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), lactoferrin (LF) and cathepsin C (CC) into plasma and production of thromboplastin (TPL) in monocytes were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated heparinized whole blood from 10 healthy donors. The influence of dextran 70, haemaccel and methylprednisolone on levels of these parameters were examined. TNF concentration in plasma 5 min after the addition of LPS (0 h) was 250 pg/ml (median), 520 pg/ml after 1 h and 1300 pg/ml after 3 h. The addition of dextran 70 to the blood in addition to LPS at the same intervals gave significantly higher values of 740 pg/ml and 1800 pg/ml after 1 h and 3 h respectively. Unstimulated cells had no TPL but after 1 h with LPS, the TPL activity in incubated cells was 2.3 mU/10(6) monocytes and after 3 h, 2.7 mU/10(6) monocytes. LPS induced the secretion of LF from granulocytes (PMN) and the levels 5 min after the addition of LPS (0 h) were 2.1 mg/l (control 0.2 mg/l) and after 1 h, 5.3 mg/l (control 1.3 mg/l) in plasma after LPS stimulation. Haemaccel enhanced the LPS-induced generation of TPL in monocytes and production of CC. The LPS-induced secretion of LF was, to a small extent, influenced by the three reagents tested. Methylprednisolone (1 mmol/l) reduced the production and appearance of TNF in plasma and the generation of TPL activity in monocytes. This model for stimulating heparinized whole blood is suitable for examination of the production and appearance of cellular factors and the influence of drugs on this production.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Haemaccel.

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Humans↗
PubMed1996

An original application of plasma expanders: heart-lung preservation.

The lack of an ideal heart-lung preservation solution is one of the principal factor that limits the wide spread of transplantation. The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy of Haemaccel (HM) on isolated human pulmonary artery endothelial cells comparing its effects with those of University of Wisconsin (UWS). Subcultures of HPAEC were inoculated at the density of 5,000 cells per cm2 in 9 cm2 well-plates. Cells were incubated with HM and UWS for 6 hrs at 10 degrees C. Cellular viability was analysed by the total protein content (cytotoxicity index) and by the rate of protein synthesis (metabolic index). The results showed that HM and UWS did no show a significant differences in the toxicity when compared with the control; on the contrary, HM seems to determine a less inhibitory effect on cellular metabolism permitting a more rapid cellular metabolic recovery than UWS. Thus, HM appears to be more suitable for the preservation of isolated HPAEC than UWS.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1999

Neonatal polycythemia: effects of partial exchange transfusion using fresh frozen plasma, Haemaccel and normal saline.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal polycythemia remains a significant clinical problem in Thailand. Partial exchanges transfusion (PET) with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) has been the mainstay of management for this condition in Thailand. Since FFP is difficult to find in certain areas and can cause concerns of transfusion related diseases, this study was undertaken to investigate the possibility of using plasma substitute and normal saline (NSS) for PET in the newborn infant with polycythemia. OBJECTIVE: 1. To compare the rate and duration of decrease of venous hematocrit (Hct) before and after PET with FFP, Haemaccel and NSS. 2. To compare any complications from using FFP, Haemaccel and NSS such as coagulation defect, electrolytes change, etc. in PET. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: A randomized prospective trial was conducted in Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital. The first phase of study: July 1, 1993 to June 30, 1994: randomized prospective trial using FFP or Haemaccel for PET in 26 newborn infants with polycythemia. The second phase of study: July 1, 1994 to June 30, 1995: consecutive enrollment trial using NSS for PET in 38 consecutive newborn infants with polycythemia. RESULTS: There was significant decrease in Hct in both groups after PET but there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of decrease of Hct. There was no significant difference in biochemical profiles in both groups of infants 24 hours after PET. In the NSS group, there was significant decrease of Hct level after PET. There was no significant change of biochemical profiles and coagulation activity in these patients 24 hours after exchange transfusion. There were 2 patients with complications related to umbilical venous catheter and PET. CONCLUSION: Haemaccel and NSS can be safely used for PET to treat neonatal polycythemia. However, the attending physician should be aware of possible complications related to umbilical venous catheterization and PET.

Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood↗
PubMed1975

Streptokinase stability pattern during storage in various solvents and at different tempertures.

The activity drop of 5 u streptiokinasewas measured in 1 ml each of various solutions (9.9% NaCl solution, 5% glucose solution, 5% levulose solution, 10% dextran solution, gelatin solution, 3% albumin solution, michaelis buffer, glucose (5%)-heparin (750 u/ml) solution) at different incubation temperatures (-20 degrees C, 4 DEGREES C, 20 DEGREES C, 37 DEGREES C), and over different observations periods (15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h). Solution media tested for streptodinase-protecting quality were broken down into three groups. Group I: Solvents displaying excellent stabilizing properties gelatin and albumin solutions). Group II: Solvents displaying medium stabilizing properties (dextran and levulose solutions). Group III: Solvents displaying poor stabilizing properties (NaCl and glucose solutions, Michaelis buffer). In testing streptokinase concentrations as used for therapeutic purposes (1500 u/ml, 50,000 u/ml), no decay was found to take place over observation periods of up to 48 h, and no invluence by different solvents (Group I. II or III) was traceable. Heparin stored with streptokinase at room temperature over a period of 48 h did not alteranisms concerning the stability pattern of striptokinase are discussed. It appears that low streptokinase concentrations need negatively chargedcolloids to keep the protein structure intact. The streptokinase-protecting macro-molecules tested so far were albumin, gelatin, and streptokinase. Obviously, streptokinase by itself was able to preserve its own stability provided its concentration was of a certain order magnitude (1500 u/ml, 50,000 u/ml) .

Buffers↗