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Results for “PANTOTHENIC ACID”

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A radiometric microbiological assay for pantothenic acid in biological fluids.

A semi-automated radiometric-microbiological assay (RMA) was developed and applied for the analysis of pantothenic acid in human blood and milk. The RMA is based on the measurement of 14CO2 produced from the metabolism of L-[1-14C]methionine or L-[1-14C]valine by the yeast Kloeckera brevis in the presence of pantothenic acid. The assay was shown to be sensitive and specific for the analysis of this vitamin in biological fluids.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1991

The effects of pantothenic acid, cysteine and dithiothreitol in intact, reperfused pig hearts.

The objective of this study was to augment myocardial tissue levels of amphiphiles using a treatment protocol of pantothenic acid, cysteine and dithiothreitol (DTT) in 24 hr fasted pigs and to test their influence on mechanical recovery in reperfusion. Eighteen pig hearts were extracorporeally perfused aerobically, subjected to regionally reversible ischemia in the left anterior descending perfusion system and reperfused. Nine hearts served as a placebo group; nine hearts were treated. All hearts received trace-labeled palmitate to measure fatty acid oxidation and were perfused with an infusion of 20% Intralipid to augment perfusate levels of fatty acids. Fasting alone in the presence of carbon substrates in the coronary perfusate was not sufficient to de-inhibit pantothenic acid kinase such that CoA synthesis was not enhanced. Tissue contents of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in reperfused myocardium were no different than in aerobic heart muscle but free CoA and free and total carnitine were reduced, suggesting a leakage of cytosolic contents across injured sarcolemma. Treatment significantly impaired mechanical recovery during reflow, presumable due to the noxious properties of DTT whose reported effects in heart muscle are wide ranging, difficult to predict in intact hearts and may be harmful.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Metabolism of pantothenic acid in hearts of diabetic rats.

The metabolism of pantothenic acid (Pa) by cardiac muscle was studied in normal and diabetic rats. Tissue levels of Coenzyme A (CoA) are elevated in the heart during early (6 to 12 h) diabetes, remains at a high level for several days, and then returns to normal or below normal levels. The increase in total tissue CoA mainly occurs in myocytes as indicated by isolation of cardiac myocytes from control and diabetic animals and measuring their content of CoA. The CoA concentration increased from 37 to 93 microM in the cytosolic compartment and from 2.0 to 2.6 mM in the mitochondrial matrix. These effects of diabetes were reversed by insulin treatment. CoA synthesis in hearts removed from control rats and perfused in vitro was stimulated by including in the perfusate Pa, cysteine and dithiothreitol, but no exogenous energy substrate. This stimulated in vitro rate of CoA synthesis was reduced in hearts removed from diabetic animals, and the reduction increased with duration of diabetes. The reduced rate in diabetic hearts resulted from both a decreased rate of Pa phosphorylation and decreased Pa transport. Transport of Pa into myocytes was decreased by as much as 80% in hearts from diabetic animals. The low transport rate was due to a decrease in Vmax with no apparent change in Km. Treatment of the isolated heart with insulin did not correct the diabetic-induced reduction in Pa transport. The transport rate in normal and diabetic hearts was not influenced by the type of energy substrate provided to the heart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Protective effect of pantothenic acid and related compounds against permeabilization of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells by digitonin.

Preincubation of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells with millimolar concentrations of pantothenic acid, pantothenol or pantethine, but not with homopantothenic acid, at 22 degrees C or 32 degrees C, but not at 0 degrees C, makes the plasma membrane more resistant to the damaging effect of submillimolar concentrations of digitonin. It is proposed that this increased resistance is due to the increased rate of cholesterol biosynthesis. In fact, incorporation of [14C]acetate into cholesterol is by 45% increased in the cells preincubated with pantothenic acid; this probably reflects elevation of the content of CoA in such cells [Slyshenkov, V.S., Rakowska, M., Moiseenok, A.G. & Wojtczak, L. (1995) Free Radical Biol. Med. 19, 767-772].

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Pantothenic acid content of a nursing home diet 1,2.

21 meals, representing the usual weekly dietary intake of residents of a northern Utah nursing home, were analyzed for pantothenic acid using a radioimmunoassay. Beverages were not included in the analysis. The mean daily pantothenic acid content of the diet exclusive of beverages was found to be 3.75 mg. The diet as analyzed supplied 2.22 mg of the vitamin per 1,000 kcal. If not supplemented by beverages and snacks, this diet supplies less than the 4-7 mg suggested for adults by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Distribution and biotransformation of labelled pantothenate in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions of the rat liver with a deficiency of pantothenic acid].

Experiments were conducted on white rats given synthetic rations devoid of pantothenic acid during 10 weeks. Intensification of 14C-pantothenate deposition was recorded 30 min and 4 h after its intraperitoneal administration. The mitochondrial fraction of the liver accumulated the isotope in time. High-performance liquid chromatography used for separation of the vitamin labeled metabolites has revealed phosphopantothenate (pantothenate), phosphopantothein, CoA and dephospho-CoA (pantetein) in the liver homogenate, while in the mitochondria extracts only CoA and dephospho-CoA (pantetein) were detected. It has been suggested that dephosphorylation of pantothenate metabolites and rapid transformation of phosphopantetein into CoA may take place during the separation of the fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of a diet containing calcium pantothenate on urinary vitamin excretion and on the liver and kidney total pantothenic acid level in rats].

Four groups of five adult rats weighing 310 g received during 20 days a diet containing 0, 1.68, 16.8 or 168 mumol of pantothenic acid per kg of diet. The daily urinary vitamin excretion was, in nmol per day: 32 +/- 8, 32 +/- 4, 180 +/- 23 and 2,100 +/- 91, respectively (mean +/- SEM). Liver and kidney pantothenic acid content was the same in all groups, in nmol per g of fresh tissue: 300 +/- 36 and 190 +/- 6, respectively (mean +/- SEM, n = 20).

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Pre-cecal digestibility of natural thiamine, riboflavin and natural pantothenic acid in the swine animal model].

The aim of the present investigations was to produce results about precaecal digestibility of naturally occurring thiamin, riboflavin and pantothenic acid from corn, wheat bran and dried skim milk. Precaecal digestibility is used as a quantitative measure for availability and was determined in ileorectomized growing pigs. Therefore, 6 female DL-pigs with a liveweight of about 30 kg were fitted with ileorectalanastomosis as end-to-side-anastomosis with preserved ileo-caeco-colic valve. The metabolism trials to collect the chymus quantitatively with these animals were carried out from the third week until 9 weeks after surgery in the liveweight range of about 40-70 kg. Precaecal digestibilities from corn, wheat bran and dried skim milk were for thiamin 87, 91 and 96%, respectively, with all values being significantly different. Riboflavin was 67, 62 and 94% precaecally digestible, the significantly different values for pantothenic ranged from 20 to 47 and 90%. "Availability" of native thiamin was higher than of riboflavin and pantothenic acid, which showed the lowest value of about 50%. The availability of the vitamins from the animal product was significantly higher than from vegetable products. The suitability of the method is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urinary excretion of microbiologically detectable forms of pantothenic acid in viral hepatitis].

The content of free and total pantothenic acid (PA) in the daily urine was studied microbiologically in 55 patients with virus hepatitis. At the height of the disease the excretion of the test vitamin forms with the urine noticeably decreased whatever the disease severity. During reconvalescence PA excretion rose because of the increase diuresis. However, the concentration of the vitamin in the urine did not reach normal. No disorders in PA metabolism were found in patients with hyperbilirubinemia of non-infectious genesis. Unlike normal subjects, oral administration of calcium pantothenate (50 ng) to patients with hepatitis results in a decrease of the excretion of the free form of PA. It is suggested that disorders in PA metabolism in patients with virus hepatitis are manifestations of functional vitamin deficiency which is a consequence of its reduced utilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effects of pantothenic acid on fibroblastic cell cultures.

To evaluate the effects of pantothenic acid during wound healing processes, fibroblastic cell cultures originating from foreskin were established and subcultured by trypsinization. PA (40 micrograms/ml) was added to the basal culture medium. The cell proliferation was estimated by cell count and determination of 3H-thymidine incorporation. The protein synthesis and secretion were determined by dosage in the cells and in the culture medium. When PA was added to the medium, a significant increase of cell proliferation and of 3H-thymidine incorporation was observed mainly during the first few days. PA also stimulated intracellular protein synthesis, but did not induce a release of proteins in the culture medium. The exact mechanism involved in this phenomenon remains unclear at this time.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

Pantothenic acid transport through the blood-brain barrier.

The unidirectional influx of D-pantothenic acid (PA) across cerebral capillaries, the anatomical locus of the blood-brain barrier, was measured with an in situ rat brain perfusion technique using [3H]D-PA (1.1 Ci/mmol). PA was transported across the blood-brain barrier by a saturable system that could be described by a Michaelis-Menten transport model with a half-saturation concentration and maximal influx rate of 19 microM and 0.21 nmol/g of brain/min, respectively. PA (0.3 microM) transport through the blood-brain barrier was significantly inhibited by probenecid, nonanoic acid, and biotin (all less than or equal to 0.25 mM), but not by penicillin G, pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, L-leucine (all 1 mM), or poly-L-lysine HBr (1 mg/ml). Probenecid (0.25 mM), nonanoic acid (0.5 mM), and PA (1.0 mM) did not inhibit [3H]L-leucine transport through the blood-brain barrier, whereas 30 microM-L-leucine inhibited [3H]leucine transport to 23% of control values. Thus, PA is transported through the blood-brain barrier by a low-capacity, saturable transport system with a half-saturation concentration approximately 10 times the plasma PA concentration. Although involved in the transfer of PA from blood into brain, this system does not play an important regulatory role in the synthesis of CoA from PA in brain.

Animals↗