Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Organogold Compounds”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Graft-versus-host reactions in the rat mimic toxin-induced autoimmunity.

Gold salts, D-penicillamine or mercurials induce autoimmunity in Brown Norway (BN) rats and provoke an immunosuppression in Lewis (LEW) rats. It has been suggested that immunologically mediated manifestations induced by drugs could result from graft-versus-host (GVH) like reactions. We show that BN spleen cells transferred into (LEW x BN)F1 hybrids induce a chronic GVH reaction (GVHR). This reaction led to an autoimmune disease quite similar to that induced by drugs in BN rats. In both situations, a common part of the B cell repertoire is triggered. In contrast, LEW spleen cells transferred into (LEW x BN)F1 hybrids provoke a lethal GVHR. This is to be compared with the CD8-mediated immunosuppression observed in LEW rats injected with HgCl2. These findings are in agreement with the prediction that immune dysregulation induced by drugs leads to GVH-like reactions either stimulatory or suppressive depending upon the strain tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cells with dendritic morphology and bright interleukin-1 alpha staining circulate in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 10 healthy volunteers, 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), eight patients with osteoarthritis, and five patients with ankylosing spondylitis were examined for interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) production using monoclonal antibodies and an indirect immunofluorescent method. In freshly isolated PBMC from healthy controls very few cells were stained for either IL-1 type. All 20 RA patients who were not receiving parenteral gold therapy had PBMC staining for IL-1 alpha. In these patients, up to 7.5% of PBMC showed bright IL-1 alpha staining (range 1.2-7.5%). No IL-1 beta staining was seen. These IL-1 alpha-staining cells had a dendritic morphology and the percentage of cells staining correlated well with levels of C-reactive protein, an index of disease activity in these RA patients. Significantly fewer IL-1 alpha-staining cells were present in the peripheral blood of RA patients receiving gold therapy and in the blood of patients with osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. These IL-1 alpha-containing cells, circulating in the blood of RA patients and correlating with disease activity have not been previously described. These results support the idea that IL-1 alpha plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Orange-red birefringence of gold particles in paraffin wax embedded sections: an aid to the diagnosis of chrysiasis.

Chrysiasis, the systemic deposition of gold pigment in patients on long term chrysotherapy, is identified histologically as small black granules within macrophages. Histological sections from 12 confirmed cases of chrysiasis were examined under crossed polarized light. This revealed a striking orange-red birefringence of the pigment not detected in other histologically similar deposits. This technique provides a valuable adjunct to the histological identification of gold without the need to resort to ultrastructural and analytical procedures.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed2004

Pemphigus: current therapy.

Pemphigus is an autoimmune skin disease that can present in a variety of forms and can be a challenging disease to manage and treat. An overview of the different forms of pemphigus and diagnostics are discussed including pemphigus foliaceus (PF), pemphigus erythematosus (PE), panepidermal pustular pemphigus (PPP), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP). Emphasis on therapy is presented. Included are the most current commonly used therapeutics (glucocorticoids, azathioprine, chlorambucil and tetracycline and niacinamide); current alternative therapeutics (cyclosporin and tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil) and additional alternative therapeutics (cyclophosphamide, chrysotherapy, dapsone, sulfasalazine and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Undecagold cluster modified tRNA(Phe) from Escherichia coli and its activity in the protein elongation cycle.

An undecagold cluster (Au11) of molecular mass 6200Da was attached to the 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)uridine at position 47 of tRNA(Phe) from Escherichia coli. This modified tRNA can be enzymically aminoacylated with phenylalanine in the reaction catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Au11-labeled Phe-tRNA(Phe) forms a ternary complex with the elongation factor Tu.GTP and is active in poly(U)-dependent poly(phe) synthesis. The Au11 modification does not hinder the specific binding of tRNA to distinct ribosomal binding sites or the precise positioning of the aminoacyl and peptidyl residues in the peptidyltransferase center, and does not impair the translocation. The modified tRNA is suitable for the identification of ribosomal binding sites by scanning transmission electron microscopy and for crystallographic studies of the 70S ribosome at different states of the protein-elongation cycle.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed2004

A good response to early DMARD treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the first year predicts remission during follow up.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency and duration of remission in the Utrecht rheumatoid arthritis cohort of patients followed since diagnosis, and the clinical and treatment characteristics of patients with remission v those without. METHODS: In 1990 the Utrecht rheumatoid arthritis cohort study group started a clinical trial in which patients with recent onset of rheumatoid arthritis (<1 year) were randomised into four treatment groups: hydroxychloroquine (n = 169); intramuscular gold (n = 163); methotrexate (n = 166); and pyramid (n = 64). After two years, rheumatologists were allowed to prescribe any disease modifying antirheumatic drug. Remission was defined as: duration of morning stiffness < or =15 min, mean VAS pain < or =10 mm, Thompson joint score < or =10, and ESR < or =30 mm/h during at least six months. Cox regression analysis was used to determine baseline clinical, demographic, and treatment predictors of remission. RESULTS: Mean follow up duration was 62 months. Thirty six per cent achieved at least one period of remission. Median duration between diagnosis and the first remission period was 15 months for the intramuscular gold group, 18 months for the methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine groups, and 24 months for the pyramid group (NS). Predictors of remission were early response to initial treatment, less pain, rheumatoid factor negativity, and lower joint score at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: After a mean follow up duration of 62 months, only 36% of the patients had fulfilled the remission criteria at least once. A good response to treatment during the first year seems to be independently associated with remission rather than initial treatment alone.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Patient preferences for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To elicit treatment preferences of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with varying risk profiles. METHODS: Patient values for 16 DMARD characteristics were ascertained using published data about side effects, effectiveness, and cost. Patient preferences were determined by Adaptive Conjoint Analysis, an interactive computer program that predicts preferences by asking patients to make trade-offs between specific treatment characteristics. Simulations were run to derive preferences for four drugs: methotrexate, gold, leflunomide, and etanercept, under different risk-benefit scenarios. Infliximab was not included because it is given with methotrexate, and we did not include preferences for combination therapy. Based on each patient's expressed preferences, and the characteristics of the treatments available at the time of the study, the option that best fitted each patient's perspective was identified. RESULTS: 120 patients (mean age 70 years) were interviewed. For the base case scenario (which assumed the maximum benefits reported in the literature, a low probability of adverse effects, and low equal monthly "co-pays" (out of pocket costs)), 95% of the respondents preferred etanercept over the other treatment options. When all four options were described as being equally effective, 88% continued to prefer etanercept owing to its safer short term adverse effect profile. Increasing etanercept's co-pay to $30.00 decreased the percentage of patients preferring this option to 80%. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, older patients with RA, when asked to consider trade-offs between specific risk and benefits, preferred etanercept over other treatment options. Preference for etanercept is explained by older patients' risk aversion for drug toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

HLA system and side effects of gold salts and D-penicillamine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Among 67 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold salts (aurothiopropanol sulphonate) a significant correlation (p less than 10(-2)) was noted between gold toxic reactions, whatever their type, and the HLA antigens A1, B8, Cw7, and DR3. Forty-two patients were genotyped, and a correlation was observed between gold side effects and the haplotype A1 Cw7 B8 DR3 (p less than 10(-2), RR = 8.0). In addition 3 out of 4 cases of renal intolerance to D-penicillamine were observed in patients possessing the Cw7 B8 DR3 haplotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

HLA antigens and toxic reactions to sodium aurothiopropanol sulphonate and D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

One hundred and forty-one patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with aurothiopropanol sulphonate or D-penicillamine, or both were examined for HLA antigens to investigate the genetic influence on the occurrence of different adverse reactions during therapy. All 13 patients possessing HLA-DR3 had toxic reactions. The relative risk for DR3 positives of developing skin eruptions or proteinuria was calculated to be 10.5 times and seven times respectively that of DR3 negatives. The incidence of DR7 antigen in 94 patients with toxic reactions was significantly decreased (11% compared with 28% in controls) suggesting a protective role for this antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Outcome of second line therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To study the functional outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who tolerate second line drug therapy for five years. METHODS: We enrolled into prospective controlled trials, 190 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who tolerated 'disease modifying' antirheumatic drug therapy for five years. Demographic data were recorded. Disease activity was measured every six months for two years and annually thereafter, using clinical and laboratory variables. Patient function was measured using the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire. The change in each variable was analysed using paired Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: Patient function improved significantly compared with baseline. The improvement was maximal after one to two years, and thereafter function started to decline slowly. After five years of treatment the patients' function was still significantly better than before treatment had started. There were highly significant improvements in all variables measured to assess disease activity, which remained well controlled throughout the five year period. CONCLUSION: Good control of disease activity and improved function can be achieved long term in approximately 30% of RA patients treated with injectable gold, sulphasalazine or penicillamine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Survival analysis of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs in Spanish rheumatoid arthritis patients.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the duration of treatment and the reasons for discontinuing therapy with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs in Spanish rheumatoid arthritis patients. METHODS: An observational study was made of 629 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs between 1979 and 1991. The outcomes (treatment termination because of toxicity and lack of response) of 991 treatment starts with intramuscular gold salts, D-penicillamine, azathioprine, and methotrexate were subjected to survival analysis. Cumulative probability of continuation of each drug (drug survival) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison between the survival curve of each was made by log rank testing. RESULTS: Median drug survival (95% confidence interval) was 51 (25-76.9) months for methotrexate, 39.9 (19.9-48.2) months for azathioprine, 34.9 (29.4-41.4) months for gold salts, and 16.4 (13.9-21) months for D-penicillamine. The highest cumulative probability of drug survival at five years was for methotrexate (45%); that at 10 years was for gold salts (15%). Up to 60% of the patients discontinued D-penicillamine in the first two years. Lack of response was the major limiting factor for all drugs except D-penicillamine, for which it was toxicity. D-Penicillamine was associated with a greater rate of discontinuations because of toxicity in women and patients older than 65. Previous disease modifying antirheumatic drug administration did not influence current drug survival. CONCLUSION: Overall, gold salts remain useful for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis over long periods of time in the population studied. Because of the high rate of continuation of treatment (survival) and the optimal efficacy and toxicity profiles observed with methotrexate after five years of treatment, it should be the drug of first choice for second line treatment of these RA patients.

Aged↗