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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ophthalmia neonatorum associated with maternal chlamydial infections.

An unselected sample of 142 pregnant women had a single cervical culture for C trachomatis at 36 to 40 weeks' gestation. Of these women, 18 (12.7%) had positive cultures, and their infants were followed in postoperative fashion. Of these 18 infants, eight (44%) developed ophthalmia neonatorum. A combination of cultures and conjunctival smears for Giemsa staining and fluorescent-antibody examination for infected cells confirmed the diagnosis in 70% of the infants with conjunctivitis. However, 12 of 18 infants has serum antibodies against genital strain chlamydial antigens at 1 year of age, indicating that a majority of the infants were infected. Four of the infants had superior micropannus at 1 year of age; however, none of the infants had active conjunctivitis nor corneal or conjunctival scars.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of sympathetic ophthalmia].

Clinical factors of risk of sympathic ophthalmia (SO) determined by the type of injury, methods of surgical and drug treatment, and supported by published data were distinguished as a result of treating 158 patients with SO at the Helmholts Research Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases from 1965 to 1994. Special attention is paid to the possibility of SO development during steroid therapy of posttraumatic uveitis. In such cases SO develops in case of 1) sudden discontinuation of a course of steroids; 2) discontinuation of a short course of steroid therapy in the presence of persisting signs of posttraumatic uveitis; and 3) in surgery on the traumatized (operated on) eyes and low steroid doses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sympathetic ophthalmia 21 years after penetrating eye injury].

Sympathetic ophthalmia developed 21 years after penetrating wound during a relapse of posttraumatic uveitis 10 days after enucleation of the injured eye and discontinuation of dexamethasone. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically. The authors believe that enucleation and discontinuation of steroids provoked the development of inflammation in the paired eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A microbiological study of ophthalmia neonatorum in hospital-born babies.

A retrospective microbiological analysis of ophthalmia neonatorum among the hospital-born babies of a rural multispecialty hospital over a period of 2 years was made. Diagnostic cultures were performed in all the affected babies and 30 cases were found to be culture positive for bacterial species. The spectrum of various bacterial isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns were studied. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the commonest causative organism according to this study and newer fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were the antibiotics that showed the best sensitivity pattern.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Fluorescein angiographic picture of sympathetic ophthalmia (author's transl)].

The fluorescein angiographic picture of sympathetic ophthalmia is described in an instructive case, which first started at the posterior pole. In the acute phase there was a picture of an exudative process with multiple subretinal enlarging hyperfluorecent spots and some dye-pooling. The retinal vasculature was unaffected. In the healing phase a transitory involvement of the optic nerve head was observed. The cicatricial phase was characterized by a coarsening of the pigment pattern of the fundus. In addition to fluorescein angiography the degree of transitory hyperopia was an excellent indicator of the activity of the disease process.

Fundus Oculi↗
PubMed1985

Experimental studies on the spitting cobra ophthalmia (Naja nigricollis).

Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the clinical and morphological effects of various doses of Naja nigricollis venom (0.1-5.0 mg) on the eyes of rabbits. Our findings suggest that in the early stage of the ophthalmia caused by the spitting cobra, specific fractions of the venom are responsible for the nitrogen mustardlike effect. However, the further course seems to be determined by liberated inflammation mediators like prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Paul-Ferdinand Gachet's unpublished manuscript. Ophthalmia in the armies of Europe.

Paul-Ferdinand Gachet was a close friend and physician of many famous artists who lived in France toward the end of the 19th century. He was van Gogh's last physician, and Vincent painted Gachet's portrait on two occasions. The first of these paintings has become the most expensive painting ever sold at a public auction. Gachet's manuscript on the subject of military ophthalmia has never been published. Only one copy is known to exist. Although the content of the manuscript is not exceptional, Gachet's significance makes dissemination of his writing important.

Europe↗
PubMed1986

Sympathetic ophthalmia. Immunopathological findings.

Ocular tissue from six patients with a clinical diagnosis of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) was examined using immunohistochemical techniques. All patients presented with a history of bilateral panuveitis after penetrating ocular injury or multiple intraocular surgeries and clinical features of SO. In four cases, classic histopathological features of SO were observed, including granulomatous uveal tract infiltration and subretinal pigment epithelium (RPE) collections of inflammatory cells (Dalen-Fuchs nodules). Bone marrow derived monocytes were the major cellular components in these granulomas. In two cases, histopathology failed to demonstrate typical Dalen-Fuchs nodules or granulomas in the choroid. However, the choroidal infiltrates were composed primarily of T-helper and B lymphocytes, without macrophages or epithelioid cells. The eyes examined in this report indicate that a varied spectrum of immunopathological and histopathological findings may occur in clinically diagnosed SO.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ophthalmia nodosa caused by tarantula hairs.

A young woman presented with ocular discomfort after handling her pet tarantula. Multiple fine hairs were detected on the eyelids, in the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, and in the corneal epithelium and stroma. In addition, foreign body granulomas were found in the conjunctiva. Six months later, peripheral chorioretinal lesions were seen. The clinical and histologic findings in this case closely resemble the findings in ophthalmia nodosa caused by caterpillar hairs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Discovery of Loa ophthalmia by the French ship's surgeon François Guyot (1742-1816)].

We are indebted to François Guyot (4. 10. 1742-13. 6. 1816) for the term "loa," designating a species of filaria, pathogenic in humans, which is common tropical West Africa. Biographical details about this French ship's surgeon are published here for the first time. On several slave-trading voyages between Africa and America, Guyot noticed that some of the negroes suffered from recurrent ophthalmia. He established that it was caused by a worm roaming around under the conjunctiva, and succeeded in extracting the parasite. In 26 May 1781 Guyot submitted a report on his findings to the "Académie Royale de Chirurgie" in Paris. This article discusses details of the report, which was hitherto believed lost.

Conjunctival Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[An oculoglandular syndrome and ophthalmia nodosa].

A case of ophthalmia nodosa associated with an oculoglandular syndrome is described. The patient, scratched by a cat six-and-a-half months earlier, presented a positive cat-scratch disease antigen test. The possibility that the oculoglandular syndrome is due to the reactivation of a latent virus, the cause of cat-scratch disease, is discussed.

Cat-Scratch Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Serum immunofluorescence examination in loa ophthalmia (author's transl)].

Loaiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the filaria Loa loa.As soon as the worm reaches the subconjunctival space local irration ensues. This so-called Loa ophthalmia necessitates immediate surgical intervention which can be performed under topical anesthesia, using the slit lamp. The indirect immunofluorescence technique represents a valuable diagnostic test,since it is usually difficult to demonstrate the microfilaria in the peripheral blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoea as a cause of neonatal and adult ophthalmia.

A retrospective analysis of 80 cases of gonococcal ophthalmia revealed six (7.5%) to be due to penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), five neonatal cases and one adult. All six cases were finally cured, but best results were obtained with topical chloramphenicol and single-dose spectinomycin (40 mg/kg) given intramuscularly. All gonococcal isolates should be tested promptly for penicillinase production, and if this is present systemic treatment, modified to spectinomycin or penicillinase-stable cephalosporin, should be given as single-dose treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Oral doxycycline in the treatment of adult chlamydial ophthalmia.

Ninety-three consecutive patients with adult chlamydial ophthalmia were treated with four different regimens of oral doxycycline. In patients treated with a single dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight (300 mg) of doxycycline the severity of clinical signs was reduced, and in half of the patients shedding of the infective agent was stopped. Treatment with a weekly dose of 300 mg of doxycycline for three weeks or a daily dose of 1.5 mg/kg of body weight (100 mg) for one week produced a clinical and microbiological cure in 100% of patients. However, in some of these patients mild to moderate papillary responses were present up to six months from completion of the treatment. The best results were obtained with a daily dose of 100 mg for two weeks, which produced rapid clinical and microbiological cure in all patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Single low-dose ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonococcal ophthalmia--implications for the national programme for the syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases.

We prospectively analysed a total of 21 baby-mother pairs with culture-proven Neisseria gonorrhoeae treated with a single low dose of ceftriaxone, namely 62.5 mg for babies and 125 mg for mothers respectively. N. gonorrhoeae was eradicated from all babies' eyes with no residual damage, as well as from the mothers' cervixes. A single low dose of 62.5 mg ceftriaxone has emerged as the treatment of choice for gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum because of its excellent activity against N. gonorrhocae, including penicillinase-producing strains.

Adult↗