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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The short-term effects of Dexon and nylon sutures in experimental microvascular surgery--a quantitative comparison.

Acute inflammatory responses to 10--0 Dexon and nylon were compared 2 weeks after experimental microvascular surgery in Sprague-Dawley rats. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences, but the strength, long-term results, and minimal surrounding tissue reaction make Dexon a viable alternative to nylon. The main disadvantage of Dexon is its opaque blue-green color, which makes it nearly invisible in the operating field.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Thrombogenicity and blood coagulation of a microcatheter prepared from carbon nanotube-nylon-based composite.

Here we describe the fabrication of nanocomposite-based microcatheter through-melt extrusion utilizing high-purity carbon nanotubes as filler and nylon as matrix. Homogeneous dispersion of carbon nanotubes in nylon can provide novel microcatheters with enhanced mechanical properties (easier to handle) and extremely reduced thrombogenicity or antithrombotic property. The present microcatheter with high performance is highly promising for medical applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Some mechanical properties of 10/0 monofilament nylon sutures.

A short pilot study is described which investigates some of the mechanical properties of ophthalmic sutures. The Alcon 10/0 monofilament nylon suture was found to behave in a mechanically consistent manner. Like all nylon it possesses the property of 'creep', which helps to compensate for overtightening of the section during surgery.

Astigmatism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elution of human granulocytes from nylon fibers by means of repulsive van der Waals forces.

A novel method for the isolation of granulocytes from nylon fibers is described. It is modification of filtration leukapheresis based on cellular surface thermodynamics. The system takes into account both electrical and van der Waals forces. The elution buffer contains a chelating agent and a surface active agent which lowers the surface tension of the liquid to a value intermediate between that of the surface tensions of the nylon fibers and of the granulocytes. Thus, the attractive van der Waals interaction between the fibers and the granulocytes becomes a repulsion. This results in a two- to threefold increase in cell yield. Phagocytosis, candicidal activity, and oxygen consumption did not appear to be affected through the isolation procedure. By both light and transmission electron microscopy the isolated granulocytes appeared to be morphologically intact.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibacterial properties of a silver chloride-coated nylon wound dressing.

OBJECTIVE: A silver chloride-coated nylon wound dressing (Ag-WD) was evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity against five common equine wound pathogens. STUDY DESIGN: Bacterial susceptibility study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Equine wound pathogens: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, and Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: An inoculum of each pathogen was incubated directly with Ag-WD and quantitated after 24 to 48 hours of incubation. To determine if bactericidal activity of Ag-WD was contact dependent, an inoculum of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus was incubated separately from Ag-WD by a filter and quantitated after 18 hours of incubation. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP) determined the silver concentration of Mueller-Hinton broth containing Ag-WD after 24 hours of incubation. To establish if the rate of bacterial killing by Ag-WD differed from a constant silver concentration, pathogens were exposed to a silver concentration of 6.45 microg/mL and quantitated after 18 hours. RESULTS: Direct exposure to Ag-WD significantly reduced bacterial numbers after 15 minutes for K. pneumoniae, 30 minutes for E. coli, 1 hour for P. aeruginosa, and 2 hours for S. equi subspecies zooepidemicus and Staphylococcus aureus. Indirect exposure to Ag-WD resulted in > or =99.9% and > or =90% kill of the inoculum doses of E. coli at 2 hours and Staphylococcus aureus at 18 hours, respectively. Incubation of the pathogens at the constant silver concentration resulted in bacterial killing rates similar to those obtained by incubation with Ag-WD. CONCLUSIONS: In vitro, equine pathogens are effectively killed when exposed to Ag-WD, and the rate of bacterial killing by Ag-WD is similar to a constant silver concentration of 6.45 microg/mL. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The in vitro antimicrobial properties of this silver-coated nylon wound dressing are promising for future prevention of equine wound infections.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Flexural strength of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate denture resin reinforced with glass, aramid, or nylon fibers.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Despite the favorable properties of conventional PMMA used as a denture base material, its fracture resistance could be improved. PURPOSE: This in vitro study was performed to determine whether the flexural strength of a commercially available, heat-polymerized acrylic denture base material could be improved through reinforcement with 3 types of fibers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten specimens of similar dimensions were prepared for each of the 4 experimental groups: conventional acrylic resin and the same resin reinforced with glass, aramid, or nylon fibers. Flexural strength was evaluated with a 3-point bending test. The results were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: All reinforced specimens showed better flexural strength than the conventional acrylic resin. Specimens reinforced with glass fibers showed the highest flexural strength, followed by aramid and nylon. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the flexural strength of heat-polymerized PMMA denture resin was improved after reinforcement with glass or aramid fibers. It may be possible to apply these results to distal extension partial denture bases and provisional fixed partial dentures.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Environmental study of nylon flocking process.

Environmental measurements for a variety of gas, particulate, and microbiological agents have been made in order to characterize exposures associated with the nylon flocking process. Of all agents measured, particulate is the predominant exposure. Levels of total particulate ranged from O.1 to 240 mg/m3 (x = 11.4 mg/m3). Average respirable particulate was 2.2 mg/m3, ranging from 0.5 to 39.9 mg/m3. Highest levels of particulates were found in the flocking room, and direct reading dust measurements indicate that the highest peak exposures are associated with "blowdown" (a cleaning procedure used between flocking runs). The nature of the airborne particles was investigated using polarized light and scanning electron microscopy. Air samples were found to contain flock particles (fibers nominally 10-15 microm in diameter by about 1000 microm in length) and a variety of respirable particles types, several of which were linked directly to the process. Of special interest were elongated respirable particles, which by microscopic analysis, complemented with melting-point determination, were found to be shreds of nylon.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed2003

Alternative fatty food simulants and diffusion kinetics of nylon 12 food packaging.

The migration of laurolactam and cyclic di- and trimer of nylon 12 was assessed using three different films and five food simulants (olive oil, isooctane, 95% ethanol, 50% ethanol, water). Substitute test conditions for migration into olive oil according to European Union Directive EC/97/48 were applied using 95% ethanol and isooctane. Results showed that 95% ethanol overestimated while isooctane underestimated the respective migration into olive oil. Water was the best olive oil substitute, as migration of laurolactam into water and olive oil using the same temperature gave similar results. Additionally, diffusion kinetics of laurolactam were investigated by migration kinetic studies using isooctane and olive oil. Diffusion coefficients determined with isooctane were significantly higher than those found using olive oil. It was proved that isooctane had an interaction and olive oil was inert to the polymer. The diffusion conductance parameter, A(p), for nylon 12 determined using olive oil ranged from 0.3 to 0.6.

Dietary Fats↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of migrants in and migration from nylon food packaging.

A method was developed to determine the amount of residual oligomers in nylon food packaging. In addition, a method was developed to measure oligomers that migrate to a food-stimulating liquid (oil) during oven cooking conditions. It was found that the total amount of nylon 6/66 oligomers that migrated from an oven baking bag to oil after heating for 30 min at 176 degrees C was 15.5 micrograms/g (ppm) or 11.9 micrograms/cm2, which represented 43% of the total amount of oligomers present in the packaging material.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2004

A simple and robust method for preparation of cDNA nylon microarrays.

DNA array technology has made remarkable progress in recent years and has become an indispensable tool in molecular biology research. However, preparing high-quality custom-made DNA arrays at a reasonable cost is still an important concern because we cannot abandon the use of DNA array systems designed for specific purposes. To address these problems, we here report the use of rolling circle amplification products of cDNA plasmids dissolved in 80% formamide as DNA probes immobilized on a nylon membrane. First, because formamide is practically non-volatile under ambient conditions and nucleic acids are easily dissolved in it, the use of formamide as a DNA solvent ensures that the DNA concentration of the solution will not change during arraying, which often takes several hours to a day depending on the number of DNA spots and arrays to produce. Secondly, the use of rolling circle amplification technology greatly reduced the labor needed to prepare the spotted DNA. The results in this study demonstrate that the introduction of these two modifications in preparation of nylon DNA array greatly improved its quality.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1980

Adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to nylon: modulation by prostacyclin (PGI2), corticosteroids, and complement activation.

Effects of in vitro addition of prostacyclin (PGI2), hydrocortisone, and zymosan to plasma on adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) to nylon were investigated. PGI2, in nanogram concentrations, and hydrocortisone, in high concentrations, inhibited base-line adherence of PMNLs; zymosan-treated plasma augmented retention of PMNLs by nylon columns. Incubation of plasma with antiserum to C5, hydrocortisone, or PGI2 blocked zymosan-mediated effects. Prostaglandins (PGD2, PGE1, and PGF2 alpha) when added in votro did not alter base-line adherence. PMNLs obtained 4 hr after administration of oral prednisone to volunteers were partially resistant to effects of zymosan-activated plasma.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1993

Feeding Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) adults through a nylon-reinforced silicone membrane.

A nylon-reinforced silicone membrane used to feed Haematobia irritans (L.) adults was found to be equally effective as the currently used blood-soaked cotton method. Membranes consisted of nylon bridal veil embedded in a thin layer of clear silicone caulk prepared by pressing bridal veil and silicone caulk bead between two brass rollers, using Parafilm and office paper as support materials. Membrane thickness was regulated by varying the space between the brass rollers. Feeding success was measured by adult survival, fecundity, and fertility during 10-d experimental periods. Adults fed successfully through 0.02-, 0.03-, and 0.06-mm-thick membranes, but not 0.08- and 0.11-mm-thick membranes. More larvae were produced by flies that were presented the rough surface than the smooth surface if the membranes were 0.03 or 0.06 mm thick. Similarly, female and male survival was higher when the rough membrane surface was presented. Female survival was unaffected by thickness (between 0.02 and 0.06 mm), whereas male survival decreased as thickness increased. Membranes that were 0.03 and 0.06 mm thick leaked at a greater rate if the smooth surface was presented to the flies, and 0.02-mm-thick membranes leaked regardless of the surface presented. When adults were maintained at a density of 0.42 fly per cm3, larval production was maximized when 22 flies were feeding per 1.0 cm2 of membrane surface. It was not possible to determine the optimum fly density per 1.0 cm2 of membrane surface when flies were maintained at a density of 0.10 fly per cm3.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A plasmid encoding enzymes for nylon oligomer degradation: nucleotide sequence and analysis of pOAD2.

The entire nucleotide sequence of nylon oligomer degradative plasmid pOAD2 from Flavobacterium sp. KI723T1 was determined. pOAD2 comprises 45519 bp, with a 66.6 mol% G+C content. The precise loci of the four nylon oligomer degradation genes, namely nylA (6-aminohexanoate-cyclic-dimer hydrolase gene), nylB (6-aminohexanoate-dimer hydrolase), nylB' (a gene having 88% homology to nylB) and nylC (endo-type 6-aminohexanoate oligomer hydrolase), and five IS6100 elements were identified on this plasmid. Comparison of the sequence of pOAD2 with those in the GenBank and EMBL databases revealed that the deduced amino acid sequences from eight regions of pOAD2 had significant similarity with the sequences of gene products such as oppA-F (oligopeptide permeases), ftsX (filamentation temperature sensitive), penDE (isopenicillin N-acyltransferase) and rep (plasmid incompatibility). A functional map of pOAD2 is presented.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1999

Increased sensitivity of cholera toxin detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with chemical immobilization of antibody onto nylon surface providing hydrophobicity.

We developed an improved method to chemically immobilize antibodies on a nylon surface using a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer having an aryl group, which provides hydrophobicity to the nylon surface. We applied it to a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (slip-ELISA) for the detection of cholera toxin (CT). The sensitivity of slip-ELISA for CT detection was 1,000 times higher than that of conventional methods of physical adsorption using polystyrene plates, and 10 times higher than that of the method of chemical immobilization using maleic anhydride methylvinyl ether copolymer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

2-Mercaptoethanol-dependent lipopolysaccharide-responsive B cells in nylon-wool-fractionated spleen cell preparations.

The ability of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to influence lymphocyte mitogen responsiveness to 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) was investigated. 2-ME was mitogenic for splenocytes only when fetal bovine serum lots containing elevated endotoxin levels were used to supplement (5%) the culture medium. 2-ME did not stimulate mitosis of nylon-wool-fractionated splenocytes (NWSC); however, 2-ME induced significant proliferation in the NWSC cell preparations when endotoxin-deficient culture medium was supplemented with doses of LPS which alone did not stimulate significant proliferation. The sIg+ and Thy-1-/Lyt-1- fractions of NWSC, which represented less than 5% of the cells in the 'T-cell preparations', were almost completely dependent on 2-ME for proliferation in response to LPS stimulation. These data indicate that nylon-wool-fractionated preparations contain splenic B cells that incorporate significant amounts of [3H]thymidine when stimulated with LPS and 2-ME.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Utility of extracorporeal traction with nylon thread for easier vesicourethral anastomosis in laparoscopic prostatectomy.

PURPOSE: Vesicourethral anastomosis in laparoscopic prostatectomy is a very difficult procedure. Our purpose in this study was to evaluate a new method using extracorporeal bladder neck traction with nylon thread for vesicourethral anastomosis during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 10 patients underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy by this technique, and we evaluated anastomosis time, operative time, and postoperative status of vesicourethral anastomosis. RESULTS: It was possible to shorten both anastomosis time and operative time by this procedure, and to obtain a hermetic anastomosis without higher risk of incontinence, stricture, or leakage. CONCLUSIONS: Extracorporeal bladder neck traction with nylon thread is a very useful procedure to carry out easier vesicourethral anastomosis, especially for a surgeon's initial experience in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of nylon, polybutester, and polyglyconate suture materials for long digital flexor tenorrhaphy in chickens.

Digital flexor tenorrhaphies were performed in 32 8-week-old chickens with polyglyconate, polybutester, or nylon. There was no difference in maximum loads to failure at weeks 4 or 8. Polyglyconate and polybutester tenorrhaphies were significantly stronger at week 8 than all tenorrhaphies at week 4. Nylon tenorrhaphies at week 8 were not significantly stronger than any tenorrhaphy at week 4. The tenorrhaphies consistently had immature scars at week 4 and more mature scars at week 8. Scar maturity was not appreciably different between any of the suture materials at week 4 or week 8. There was no apparent difference in tissue reactivity to any of the suture materials at weeks 4 or 8.

Animals↗