North Dakota field test of cariostatic effect of 1 per cent sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate added to presweetened breakfast cereals.
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Comprehensive quality improvement is the name of this hospital's program! Good practice and helpful innovation keeps this hospital on the list of the most progressive in total quality management.
The author discusses how his hospital was able to dramatically reduce its security-related injuries and why a Corrective Action Team is so important. Once an effective security program has been established, he says, review it periodically to maintain its effectiveness.
The story of how Fargo, N.D., came to have three hospitals for the second time in its 125-year history makes great theater. Characters in the drama are Innovis Health, the new acute-care facility that starts admitting patients in two days, and its owners, the Dakota Clinic and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota. Another main player is Dakota Heartland Health System--the culprit, some say, that led physicians and others at Innovis to do business with a wealthy insurer.
Natural disasters often come without warning. The clinical, financial, and business risks can be enormous. Grand Forks' (ND) healthcare systems experienced a flooding disaster of unprecedented proportions in April of 1997. Planned and practiced disaster and evacuation procedures can significantly reduce a healthcare facilities' risk to life, health, and safety. This article retrospectively analyzes disaster preparation and the complete evacuation of the facilities' patients.
A prospective study of the relationship between exacerbations and season in 336 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis showed a significant monthly variation as well as a seasonal pattern of exacerbations. The data obtained are compared with earlier studies that have used varying methodologies. The results continue to support the hypothesis that undefined environmental factors influence the course of multiple sclerosis.
The period of adolescence is characterized as a time of experimentation during which adolescents may engage in adult behavior in the absence of understanding the consequences of these behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the self-reported sexual behaviors of late adolescent junior and senior high school students (N = 7,699). The study indicated a significantly high and disconcerting frequency of self-reported risk-taking sexual behavior.
What does an HMO need to succeed in rural America? For this 3,000-member health plan, the key ingredients are enlightened self-interest by a committed medical group, support from local employers, low overhead, efficient practice styles, and luck in the form of benevolent state insurance rules. But a catastrophic illness almost doomed the plan in 1992 and convinced leaders of the need to grow.
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and conduct a pilot study of the ANA Nursing Care Report Card Study in one state. Clinical indicators studied include agency data, skin integrity, patient falls, and nurse (n = 217) and patient (n = 924) satisfaction. Patients were well satisfied with their care. Nurses were less satisfied, with a significant difference between what was important to their satisfaction and their current level of satisfaction. Important information is included for hospital and nursing service administrators, as well as for nurses.
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OBJECTIVE: To characterize demographic, therapeutic, and complication features of patients in the Fort Totten Diabetes Project and to assess the longitudinal impact of intervention strategies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Individuals (n = 215) of varying American Indian ethnic origin and a quantum of mean age 53 yr (range 14-86 yr), 62% women, with type II diabetes of 9 yr average duration were studied. Annual chart audits of the complete diabetic population were conducted from 1984 to 1988. RESULTS: Obesity is a major problem complicating diabetes management (average BMI 32 +/- 0.9), but BMI does not correlate with glucose control as assessed by total GHb (r = 0.014, NS). Individuals lost an average of 3.7 kg (P < 0.001) during the audit years. Mean GHb declined for the population (11.3-9.7%, P < 0.025) during the interval, but no significant decline was evident when values for individuals were considered. Complication rates for retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy paralleled those rates published for urban populations. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus in American Indians living in a rural, economically deprived area can be identified and cared for with success similar to that published for urban populations.
Although several studies have reported on valve abnormalities among users of fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine, detailed information on these subjects has not been provided, limiting the ability to understand who may be at risk for valve abnormalities and to generate hypotheses about the etiology and pathogenesis of these abnormalities. This study was a detailed medical record review of 18 previously reported users of fenfluramine and phentermine, all with valve abnormalities on echocardiogram and 2 with surgical pathology. Both clinical characteristics and medication use were recorded by trained abstracters using a standardized data collection form. Two subjects (11%) had other possible etiologies of valve disease: a history of rheumatic fever and prescribed ergotamine. Three subjects (17%) had a history of migraine headaches and 4 (22%) had murmurs noted before using fenfluramine. Use of medications that may affect serotonin receptors was common: ergotamine (1 subject, 5%), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (6, 33%), sumatriptan (2, 11%), and mirtazapine (1, 5%). Prior medication and nonmedication allergies were recorded in 6 (33%) and 3 (17%) subjects, respectively. All subjects had symptoms possibly due to fenfluramine or phentermine side effects. This study raises the hypotheses that valvular heart disease among fenfluramine users may be less common than previously estimated, that serotonin excess may play a role in valve pathology, and that a patient's response to anorexigens and other medications may serve as a marker for increased risk. Further study is needed to test these hypotheses.
Nine ruminally and duodenally cannulated (145 +/- 21 kg of initial BW; Exp. 1) and sixteen intact (181 +/- 36 kg of initial BW; Exp. 2), commercial, Angus, nursing, steer calves were used to evaluate the effects of advancing season and corn distillers dried grains with solubles in creep feed on intake, digestion, microbial efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and performance while grazing native rangeland. Calves were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: a supplement containing 41% soybean meal, 26.25% wheat middlings, 26.25% soybean hulls, 5% molasses, and 1.5% limestone (control) or a supplement containing 50% corn distillers dried grains with solubles, 14.25% wheat middlings, 14.25% soybean hulls, 14% soybean meal, 5% molasses, and 1.5% limestone (CDDGS). Calves were offered supplement individually (0.45% of BW) once daily. Three 15-d collection periods occurred in June, July, and August. In Exp. 1, there were no differences in OM intake, or OM, N, NDF, or ADF digestion between control calves and those fed CDDGS. Forage and total OM intake increased (P < 0.03), whereas OM digestion decreased (P < 0.01), with advancing season. Duodenal microbial N flow (g/d) was not affected (P = 0.50) by treatment and increased linearly (P = 0.003) as season progressed. Calves consuming CDDGS had decreased (P < 0.01) ruminal acetate:propionate ratio, increased (P < 0.01) molar proportion of butyrate, and decreased (P < 0.001) molar proportions of isobutyrate and isovalerate. In Exp. 2, supplement OM intake (% of BW) was less for CDDGS compared with control calves, but there were no differences in performance or subsequent carcass composition between treatments. Inclusion of 50% corn distillers dried grains with solubles in a creep supplement for nursing calves produced similar results compared with a control creep feed based on soybean meal, soybean hulls, and wheat middlings.