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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of chemical pollutants on bacterial counts in El-Temsah Lake area, Ismailia, Egypt.

Sampling was carried out in El-Temsah Lake and side branch canal to determine the effect of organic and inorganic pollutants and physical parameters on the count of microorganisms of surface water. Standard Plate Counts (SPC) method and Most Probable Number (MPN) technique were used. With SPC, total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) count were found to be 236 x 10(3), 620/100 ml and 450/100 ml in the side branch canal where water was brackish, turbid and partially stagnant. In El-Temsah lake sites, where the water was salty, clear and agitated, count were 137 x 10(3), 460/100 ml and 137/100 1 in Sc-path way; 137 x 10(3), 420/100 ml and 110/100 ml in Seuz Canal Corporation (SCC) harbour and arsenal; 138 x 10(3), 410/100 ml and 120/100 ml in beach areas. Increase in microbial counts was directly related to increase in organic and inorganic pollutants. The FC counts in first sector exceeded the recommended safe concentration (200/100 ml), while in the other sector they were well within the safe concentration. Moreover bacterial counts were higher in the presence of the surrounding clay soil than in sandy soil. Gram negative rods ratios were higher in the first sector than the second, while gram positive cocci were higher in the second sectors (salted water) than in the first sector. Micrococci and Staphylococci were the dominant genera among positive cocci in salt water, probably due to the salt tolerance of the family Micrococcaceae. In beach area, Staphylococci predominated, due to their endemic nature on human skin.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1981

The effect of benzoyl peroxide on acne.

A double-blind study of two commonly used (5%) benzoyl peroxide-containing preparations showed that they were equally effective in the treatment of acne. With these treatments there was a reduction in P. acnes, Micrococcaceae and surface-free fatty acids. These data support the continued use of benzoyl peroxide preparations in the treatment of acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

[Clinico-experimental studies on the effect of benzoylperoxide].

Clinical and experimental investigations to characterize therapeutic effects of topically applied benzoyl peroxide (5 and 10% in alcohol-free gel formulation) were performed with: quantitative determination of bacteria in the follicular filaments with the cyanoacrylate technique (P. acnes and micrococcaceae); agar diffusion method for bacteriostatic effects; semi-quantitative determination of skin surface lipids (ground glass method); lipid solvent and thin-layer chromatography (free fatty acids vs. triglycerides); scanning electron microscopy of the skin surface; exfoliative cytology with corneocyte counts in a Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber (corneocytes/cm2 skin surface); determination of corneocyte surface are in micrometer2; and a clinical trial concerning efficacy and tolerance of the gel formulation. Topically applied benzoyl peroxide acts antibacterially and keratolytically, has anti-lipolytic activity, reduces bacteria in the follicular infundibula, but does not inhibit sebum production as measured by skin surface lipids. Benzoyl peroxide stimulates the epidermopoiesis with reduction of corneocytes/cm2 from 87,400 +/- 29,000 to 36,000 +/- 19,000 (day 15 of treatment) with diminution in size of corneocytes from 1,018 micrometers2 +/- 74 to 865 micrometers2 +/- 65 vs. 832 micrometers2 +/- 85 (5% vs. 10% benzoyl peroxide). Alcohol-free gels of benzoyl peroxide are better tolerated by acne patients than those containing alcohol, in particular when combined with topical tretinoin (vitamin A acid) treatment.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Inhibition of the growth of bacterial populations by suspensions obtained from Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocinogenic strains].

Suspensions obtained from five Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocinogenic strains showed inhibitory and variable activity against bacterial strains belonging to the Nocardiaceae, Micrococcaceae, Neisseriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Vibrionaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae families. Under special conditions, the same pyocinogenic P. aeruginosa strain can be affected by it own suspensions. These pyocinlike particles could be considered as a regulatory factor acting on the rate and size of the population growth.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

[Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the bacterial flora in the trachea of healthy chickens].

The bacterial flora of the trachea of 17 to 38 day old chickens was quantitatively and qualitatively studied in two groups of animals from two different sources: an experimental disease-free flock and a commercial flock. In both groups of chickens, the aerobic flora consisted predominantly of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Streptococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and members of the genus Lactobacillus. Some differences between the two groups of animals were observed at the species level. Strictly anaerobic bacteria did not appear until the third week. No bacterial group seemed to predominate during the sampling period. The constant presence of Lactobacilli and E. coli in the trachea suggests that these organisms could play a prominent role in the bacterial ecosystem of the trachea.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of the different Staphylococcus species according to their meat or dairy origin.

152 Micrococcaceae strains, originating from meat or dairy products, already classified by the "Single Linkage" technique according to their biochemical profiles, into 13 taxa of food origin, are identified using the G + C content and biochemical tests, to the species of Staphylococcus described by Kloos and Schleifer. -The strains originating from near meat or dairy products are mainly S. aureus coagulase negative and S. xylosus biotype 2, the strains from raw milk include more varied species and correspond to S. epidermidis, S. hominis, S. aureus coagulase positive: the Staphylococcus found in different cheeses are principally S. xylosus biotype 1. - The API 20 Staph biochemical gallery enables the identification, in the Staphylococcus taxa (Schleifer) of most of the Staphylococcus strains isolated from meat or dairy products.

Dairy Products↗
PubMed1975

[Tests on the bactericidal effectiveness of iodophor A in the halls of a pig-fattening station].

In the halls of the pig fattening house the bactericidal effectiveness of cold water solutions of Czechoslovakia-made Jodofor A and the product of the Ciba-Geigy company Iosan was tested and compared with the effectiveness of Chloramin B used in a water solution at the temperature of 50 to 60 degrees C. The solutions were applied by fine spraying at the rate of 0.5 lt. per 1 m2 of area. After one hour the spray was applied again at the same rate. One hour after the last Jodofor spray and two hours after the last Chloramin B spray, smears were collected from the disinfected surfaces. The examination included the detection of coliform germs, germs of the Micrococcaceae family, and the determination of the total number of germs. On the whole, 384 smears were examined in four separate trials. The application of Jodofor A in 2% concentrations, after mechanical average-quality purification, did not give acceptable results, in comparison with the solution of Cloramin B. Only when solutions of Jodofor A and Iosan were used in 3% concentration after perfect mechanical purification, satisfactory results were obtained (with the exception of plaster and painted wood), in comparison with the Chloramin B solution. Better disinfectibility was found in aluminium sheet, terracotta, concrete, and metal, as distinct from plaster and painted wood. The comparison of Jodofor A with abroad-male Iosan indicates that Jodofor has the same or a better bactericidal effect than Iosan in all indices. Due to its bactericidal effect, Jodofor A is a suitable disinfectant for preventive disinfection of farm animal houses. In order to achieve results corresponding to those provided by 2% solutions of Chloramin B it is necessary to use at least 3% concentration of Jodofor A. Good mechanical purification is a basic prerequisite for its effectiveness.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1993

[Differentiation of staphylococci from sheep and goat milk samples].

A total of 447 micrococcaceae strains isolated from 88 ewe and 359 goat milk samples from cases of chronic mastitis were differentiated by means of the ATB 32 STAPH-test. Of these strains 389 (= 87%) could be identified. Fourteen strains were sensitive in the bacitracin-resistance-test and therefore classified as Micrococcus spp. In ewe milk following Staphylococcus spp. were found: S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. lentus, S. xylosus, S. warneri, S. equorum, S. haemolyticus, S. simulans, S. hominis and S. saprophyticus. Staphylococcus spp. identified in goat milk samples were: S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. caprae, S. lentus, S. simulans, S. capitis, S. lugdunensis, S. xylosus, S. chromogenes, S. hominis, S. arlettae, S. warneri, S. sciuri, and S. saprophyticus. Highest cell counts in the milk of both animals species, and the highest incidence of clinical udder alterations were caused by S. aureus. Increases in milk cell counts as well as pathological udder findings were observed in coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections for novobiocin-sensitive Staphylococcus spp. (S. epidermidis, S. warneri, S. simulans, S. lugdunensis, and S. chromogenes) and several S. lentus strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Technology for the production of cured ham].

The main factors to be considered in the preservation of hams are: pH level, temperature and level of water activity. There are four different stages in the process of curing. (1) Selection of the raw material: the longer the time of curing, the higher the percentage of marbled fat has to be (to control the drying process). The temperature within the ham should be kept between 1 and 3 degrees C. (2) In the salting stage, nitrifiers are added and the hams are either coated with salt for 1 day per kg of ham, or a specific quantity of salt is applied in a massager or a tumbler. (3) In the post-salting stage, hams are kept below 5 degrees C for at least one month. During this stage salt diffuses throughout the ham. Some dehydration, and selection of bacteria occurs. On the outside of the ham fungi will grow, while inside Micrococcaceae are the dominant flora. Finally the hams pass to a drying-maturing stage. As the level of water activity falls, the temperature is increased, causing proteolysis and lipolysis, which are important for the development of texture and flavour of the ham.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Coagulase-negative staphylococci in normal and chronically inflamed conjunctiva].

UNLABELLED: This study examines the prevalence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in normal and mildly inflamed conjunctiva, their sensitivity to antibiotics, and their relationship to the remaining flora. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 99 patients including 9 HIV-positives in an early stage of the infection, 100 conjunctival swabs were taken and microbiologically investigated for bacteria and fungi. Thirty-four were from healthy eyes. 40 were from patients with chronic (n = 28) and unspecific (n = 12) conjunctivitis, 17 were from patients with a variety of outer inflammatory ocular conditions, and 9 were from the HIV group from uninfected (n = 6) and infected (n = 3) conjunctivae. Samples from each patient were collected with three moistened cotton swabs and directly inoculated onto five different agars, followed by immersion into three specific culture broths. Staphylococci were identified species-wise, the other microorganisms genus-wise. Sensitivity to a broad spectrum of antibiotics was determined by agar diffusion tests. OUTCOME: Staphylococci were found in 89%, which was the highest prevalence genus-wise. Of those, coagulase-negative species accounted for 86%, while coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 12% of all swabs. In the 86 smears positive for coagulase-negative staphylococci, 151 different strains were isolated. In these strains, resistance to the 13 tested antibiotics varied from 0% for vancomycin to 66% for penicillin. Strains which were isolated from patients with chronic conjunctivitis showed a greater range of resistance than those from normal flora, with significant levels for ciprofloxacin, gentamycin and kanamycin (Mann-Whitney) U-test: P < 0.05). All except six strains of staphylococci were identified strains represented ten species, of which Staphylococcus epidermidis was most prevalent (74%), but only made up 70% of all isolated strains of the coagulase-negative staphylococci. Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria were found significantly more commonly in patients which chronic conjunctivitis than in healthy eyes, while coagulase-negative species of the Micrococcaceae family were significantly more prevalent in the healthy than in the chronically inflamed conjunctiva (chi-square: P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The conjunctiva can simultaneously host several stems of coagulase-negative staphylococci, which differ in regard to species and resistance to antibiotics. This variety might indicate a microbiological balance of the conjunctiva and be reduced in chronic inflammatory conditions. In patients with chronic conjunctivitis the risk for multiresistant coagulase-negative staphylococci is increased.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2003

Bacterial kidney disease as a model for studies of cell mediated immunity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

A cell mediated immune (CMI) response was measured in vitro to heat-killed and to paraformaldehyde fixed Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) experimentally challenged with live Rs. The mitogenic response to the T lymphocyte mitogen Concanavalin A (Con A) was reduced during samplings 4 to 6 weeks after immersion, but no effect of the response to the B lymphocyte mitogen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was detected. The subpopulation of lymphocytes, detected by the monoclonal antibody 1C2, was decreased from the 4th week to the 5th week of infection, and remained at the decreased level up to 10 weeks post immersion. The proportion of Immunoglobulin (Ig) bearing lymphocytes was not affected during the Rs infection period. The humoral antibody level to heat-stable Rs-antigens was increased up to 10 weeks after immersion but after 27 weeks was reduced to a level similar to that of the non-challenged fish. An anamnestic response was demonstrated in challenged fish, as intraperitoneal injection of heat-treated Rs bacteria into Rs challenged fish elicited a stronger humoral antibody response compared with injection into non-challenged fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Stomatococcus mucilaginosus produces a mannose-containing lipoglycan rather than lipoteichoic acid.

Five strains of Stomatococcus mucilaginosus were investigated to determine whether the organism produces a lipoteichoic acid or a lipoglycan. Crude phenol extracts were purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and shown to contain lipoglycan. The major carbohydrate component present was mannose, indicating that the macroamphiphile is a lipomannan. The fatty acid composition of the lipoglycan was similar to that of stomatococcal whole cells. These data provide additional chemotaxonomic evidence supporting the suprageneric classification of the genus Stomatococcus within a group of actinomycete genera that also includes the genus Micrococcus.

Fatty Acids↗
PubMed1976

[Sebaceous filaments (author's transl)].

Sebaceous filaments are cylindrical tubes of whitish-yellowish color, which can be expressed from areas of the face rich in sebaceous follicles by pinching the skin or by the cyanoacrylat-technique. Sebaceous filaments are most commonly found in the centrofacial areas and the alae nasae in postpuberal individuals with large facial pores and seborrhea. Sebaceous filaments are composed of a skeleton of 10-30 horny cell layers which enclose a mixture of bacteria, sebaceous lipid, corneocyte fragments and one hair. Following the expression of the filament the follicle refills within 30 days. The various portions of sebaceous follicles (acro- and infrainfundibulum) and the follicular contents are presented at the light microscopial and ultrastructural level. Follicles containing sebaceous filaments have a conspicuous granular layer and no acanthosis. Sebaceous filaments should be differentiated from a microcomedo and trichostasis spinolosa. They are a common morphological variant of sebaceous follicles.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1998

Stomatococcus mucilaginosus septicemia in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

A 16-year-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia which had relapsed for the third time developed clinical signs and symptoms of septicemia during a period of neutropenia. The patient had signs of oral mucositis, and Stomatococcus mucilaginosus was isolated from blood cultures. The patient responded well to antibiotic therapy. The biochemical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 68 other pharyngeal isolates of Stomatococcus mucilaginosus from immunocompromised patients are presented.

Adolescent↗