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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Condylar movements during mastication.

To investigate the relationship between mastication and TMJ abnormalities, the incisal point and condylar movements during mastication were analysed in two normal subjects and six patients with stomatognathic dysfunction. The patients with stomatognathic dysfunction were two patients with unilateral anterior disk displacement with reduction, two with unilateral anterior disk displacement without reduction, and two with unilateral osteoarthritis. The incisal point movement was recorded using Sirognathograph Analysing System, and condylar movement was recorded with a pantograph. The movement path of the non-working condyle was shorter than that of the working condyle when patients with unilateral TMJ abnormalities used their non-abnormal side to chew, which resulted in deviation of the turning point (the point where the mouth changes from opening to closing) to the non-chewing side. Also, the convexity of the opening path was influenced by the condylar mobility of the abnormal side TMJ. Posterior dislocation of the condyle of the abnormal side TMJ resulted in a crossover chewing pattern of incisal point movement in the frontal or horizontal planes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of mastication in normal and dysfunctional subjects].

A computer based system to asses mandibular movements and EMG masseter and temporal muscle activity during habitual mastication was applied to 12 healthy subjects and to 86 dysfunctional subjects, the chewing performance was tested with a standardized bolus of crispy bread. A Siemens Sirognathograph instrument was used to record mandibular movements, while EMG signals were recorded with surface Ag/AgCl electrodes. The Dysfunction Index System was used to build two subgroups of patients with severe TMJ impairment (n = 21) and severe muscle dysfunction (n = 15) respectively. Data on the different parameters of mastication were obtained for the single patients, the whole group and the two subgroups were statistically compared together with those obtained from normal individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A fundamental study on the influence of posterior artificial tooth forms on denture movements during mastication].

The form of posterior artificial tooth is an essential factor related to denture stability during mastication and to masticatory ability. Generally, cusp teeth are selected out of consideration for balance during eccentric occlusion. From another viewpoint, cuspless teeth are selected to ensure stability and to prevent the occurrence of lateral vectors caused by the inclination of the occlusal facet. It has been reported, however, that the counterbalance phenomenon occurring between occlusal facets decreases the lateral vector. Moreover, cusp teeth are useful in increasing the possibility of establishing bilateral balance. Guidelines for selecting posterior artificial teeth in the production of functional dentures are diverse and cannot be said to have been firmly established yet. This model experiment, which employed complete lower dentures, was designed to provide basic information for discussing the influence of occlusal facets of cusp teeth on denture movements during mastication and to arrive at some clinical suggestions for selecting posterior artificial teeth. Artificial teeth with cusp angles of 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, and 30 degrees were made by adjusting setting conditions on a condylar type articulator. Four kinds of experimental dentures were made and used in measuring horizontal movements of lower dentures during the crushing of experimental food. Final phase of chewing stroke was taken into consideration in establishing two types of loading direction. One type was at 70 degrees (DL 70 degrees) to the occlusal plane on the frontal plane and from the outer side (the working side). The other type was 90 degrees (DL 90 degrees) to the occlusal plane. Maximum load was 15kg and the denture displacement was analyzed at 2kg, 4kg, 8kg and 15kg. Experimental foods were smoked cuttlefish (sectile food), raisins (food flattened under pressure), and peanuts (crushable food). Analyses were made of experimental denture movement patterns and denture displacement amounts. Results 1. Experimental denture movement patterns differed according to the nature of the experimental food. The pattern in the case of smoked cuttlefish was mainly of the C type; that is, primarily motion first to the balancing side and then to the working side. The pattern for raisins was mainly of the S type; that is, primarily motion first to the working side, then to the balancing side, and then to the working side again. Several patterns appeared in the case of peanuts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1987

Microencapsulation of potassium chloride with mastic.

The present investigation deals with the microencapsulation of potassium chloride with mastic. Spherical potassium chloride crystals with a mean particle diameter of approximately 450 microns were used. It could be shown that with a layer of mastic wall material thicker than 21 microns the release of potassium chloride in the in vitro test can be controlled for more than 6 h. The thickness of the wall material over the tested range of 21 to 33 microns has only a limited effect on the kinetics of release of potassium chloride. Increasing the thickness of the layer from 21 to 33 microns merely leads to a reduction of about another 10% in the amount of drug released in 6 h.

Capsules↗
PubMed1986

Proptosis with mastication: an unusual presentation of an orbital dermoid cyst.

A 25-year-old woman presented in 1973 with the complaint of proptosis of the left eye with mastication. A firm retrobulbar orbital mass was detected, and diagnosis of possible dermoid cyst was made. She was subsequently lost to follow-up. Computed tomographic (CT) scanning and surgical excision done in 1984 confirmed the presence of an orbital dermoid cyst communicating with the temporal fossa through a bony defect in the lateral orbital wall. We suspect that pressure by the temporalis muscle on the dumbbell-shaped cyst caused the proptosis with mastication.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect of taste and mastication on lymph flow in the neck region.

In 10 out of 12 patients, there was a significantly stimulatory effect on lymph flow during taste and in 9 out of 10 patients there was a significant stimulatory effect on lymph flow during mastication. The stimulatory effect of mastication could be a parallel to the conditions observed in the leg but the stimulatory effect of taste could also indicate an active process perhaps of neurogenic origin.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mastication forces and implant-bearing surface.

This article discusses the shift of emphasis in implantology from the phenomenon of osseointegration of implants to the accurate fabrication of the prosthesis, recognizing the implant/prosthesis unit as an actual replica rather than a replacement of the missing tooth. The study of kinetics with its succession of mandibular cycles is used to discuss the integration of mastication and occlusion. The importance of periimplant ligament in natural teeth is discussed, along with the impact of its absence on implant mobility. The impact of the bone types and the root surface architecture on the implant-bearing surface is presented along with the stress of the mastication forces. All these factors have to be considered in the treatment planning and effectively communicated to the laboratory. The learning objective of this article is to provide updated information in those areas for the reader.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1994

[Influence of anterior occlusal contacts of complete dentures on mastication].

The photocclusion and mastication analysis of the complete dentures with or without the anterior occlusal contacts were made. The results indicated that there was no obvious differences among the maximum occlusal contact intensities of each tooth position in central occlusion. Under the functional condition the activity of the anterior temporal muscles was influenced and the mastication efficiency was decreased by the relatively stronger anterior occlusal contacts.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Roengenocinematographic studies on the stability of the total prosthesis during mastication].

Two upper and lower full dentures of the same individual were subjected to stability tests. One of the dentures was done in a conventional way, while the other was mounted, using the author's words: "in a multilocal and autonomous stability". Both dentures were analyzed clinically, on the articulator, radiographically, and roentgencinematographically during mastication. Particularly in the latter examination it could be shown that the multilocally and autonomously stable denture offered more stability during mastication.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Ultrasonographic images of tongue movement during mastication.

We observed vertical motion of the tongue during mastication in ultrasonographic images of 6 males with an average age of 28.7 years. All subjects had complete dentition and no evidence of neurological disorders. We used a 7 MHz mechanical convex scanning transducer to obtain a continuous, real-time ultrasonic image of the tongue, and carried out real-time B-mode ultrasonic observation at the median sagittal plane of the mandible. We recorded vertical motion of the tongue in the M-mode on a line connecting the mandibular first molars. The transducer produced good quality images of the dorsal surface during mastication of peanuts, rice, crackers, boiled fish paste, pickled radishes, pudding and bananas. The transducer, which was small and light, permitted capture of the images on videotape without manual placement of the scanner. Continuous images showed that the tongue turned the food, mixed it with saliva, sorted out unsuitable particles and aided in bolus formation. Vertical motion of the tongue had two phases, sorting and bolus formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Horace Fletcher (1849-1919): "The Great Masticator.".

Horace Fletcher (1849-1919), nicknamed "The Great Masticator," was a well known and influential food and health faddist in early 20th century North America. As a man of virtually limitless energy, Fletcher became a world traveler, millionaire businessman, amateur painter, speaker, and author, and self-taught nutritionist who perfected and fanatically distributed his doctrine of "Fletcherism," for 24 years (from 1895 to 1919). This dogma taught that all food must be deliberately masticated and not swallowed until it turned to liquid. Fletcher believed that prolonged chewing precluded overeating, led to better systemic and dental health, helped to reduce food intake, and consequently, conserved money. People were cautioned not to eat except when they were "good and hungry," and to avoid dining when they were angry or worried. They were also told that they could eat any food that they wanted, as long as they chewed it until the "food swallowed itself." This article explores the development of Fletchrism during the early 1900s.

Diet Fads↗
PubMed1976

Lymphomas of the masticator space.

Lymphomas that involved the masticatory space occurred in three patients. In one patient, the masticator space remained the sole manifestation for many years; in the other two patients, the masticator-space involvement was a local manifestation of constitutional disease. In all three patients, excisional biopsies and microscopical tissue examinations were carried out because of a mass deep to the parotid gland. The symptoms and signs are quite similar to those manifested in patients with infection. Surgical procedures other than incisional biopsy are not indicated. Irradiation and chemotherapy appear to be the treatments of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Complete pterygoidectomy--a novel method for the topographical investigation of the deep masticator space and its contents.

The complexity of the topographical anatomy of the infratemporal fossa (=masticator space) remains underappreciated because of limitations of the methods used to expose it; these methods are described and critiqued. The disposition of the lateral pterygoid (LPt) muscle in the masticator space obscures the anatomical relations of clinically significant neurovascular structures. Controversies regarding the nerve supply and actions of the two LPt heads are summarized. Since the LPt has been implicated in temporomandibular (joint) dysfunction (TMD), its precise relationships to the mandibular neurovascular structures is essential in understanding its role in TMD. We recently developed a method involving the en bloc removal of the LPt-tensor veli palatini complex along with all vital neurovascular structures. Further investigations using our method--in conjunction with contemporary imaging techniques (CT, MRI)--should help describe the detailed topography of masticatory structures. This information should help in understanding, differential diagnosis, and treatment of TMD.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Masticator myopathy.

A 31-year-old woman developed low-grade fever and pain and swelling of the masticatory muscles. A T2-weighted magnetic resonance image showed high signal intensity in these muscles. Coxsackie B3 and echo 30 viruses were detected from a nasopharyngeal swab and feces, respectively. The clinical symptoms accompanied a marked decline in the serum immunoglobulin G level with progressive eosinophilia. Her symptoms disappeared by 8 weeks after onset. She was diagnosed as having masticator myopathy, which has rarely been reported in humans. The present case suggests that masticator myopathy is associated with coxsackie or echo virus infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Subacute mandibular and hypoglossal nerve denervation causing oedema of the masticator space and tongue.

We report the MRI of five patients with denervation oedema in the head and neck. Four had denervation oedema in one masticator space caused by a skull-base tumour invading the ipsilateral foramen ovale. Another case had denervation oedema confined to the half of the tongue ipsilateral to oral reconstruction surgery which involved mandibulectomy, free flap repair and wide excision of a buccal mucosal carcinoma. Inversion-recovery and/or T2-weighted spin-echo images showed increased signal in the affected areas. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images revealed enhancement of the muscles. There was no evidence of tumour or infection in the masticator space or tongue. It is important to differentiate denervation oedema from other disease processes causing high signal on T2-weighted images, such as tumour infiltration and soft-tissue infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Recurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma isolated to the right masticator and left psoas muscles.

We present the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a patient who, following treatment for pancreatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), relapsed with apparently isolated involvement of the right masticator space and left psoas muscles. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising from the masticator space muscles is very rare. In addition, simultaneous lymphomatous involvement of multiple discrete skeletal muscle sites, in the absence of disease elsewhere, has previously only been reported in the limb or limb girdle muscles. Lymphoma should be considered as a cause of isolated enlarged skeletal muscles, even when involving such distant sites.

Female↗
PubMed2003

New methods of dissecting the masticator space of the rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta).

The aim of our project was to develop a method to examine the deep masticator space of the rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta) in order to investigate the following particulars of the mandibular nerve: (1). its manner of entry into the masticator space, (2). its branching within spaces/canals in the spheno-temporal bony complex, and (3). the location of its principal divisions with reference to the lateral pterygoid plate and muscle heads. In order to access these structures it was necessary to develop novel lateral and medial approaches. These and the instruments used are described. The proximal branching of the mandibular nerve is described and contrasted with that of the human. The implications of nerve branching in humans with reference to (1). evolution, (2). electromyography and (3). anesthetic control are discussed.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1996

Pictorial review: radiology of the masticator space.

The suprazygomatic portion of the masticator space (MS) or the temporal fossa is superficial and accessible to clinical assessment. The nasopharyngeal masticator space or infratemporal fossa is deep and can only be adequately evaluated by imaging studies. Infection secondary to odontogenic abscess or malignant otitis extema commonly affects this space. Primary tumours may arise from both soft tissues and bony structures. Malignant invasion of the MS from surrounding structures may take place. The delineation of these lesions is readily achieved by both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, perineural infiltration and intracranial extension is better seen on MRI. Accurate assessment of disease extent is necessary for drainage procedures, surgical intervention or radiotherapy planning.

Abscess↗