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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Autoimmune peripheral neuropathies with anti-MAG antibodies and hematological disorders. Five cases].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report our experience with autoimmune neuropathies associated with hematological disorders and to describe their etiological and clinical polymorphism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in five patients with autoimmune peripheral neuropathies with anti-MAG (myelin-associated glycoprotein) antibodies. RESULTS: Autoimmune neuropathies were associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (n=2), Hodgkin disease (n=1), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n=1) and idiopathic polyclonal B lymphoproliferation (n=1). Most of the patients had a sensorial polyneuropathy, predominant in the legs, exhibiting slow progress. Our patients showed a disappointing response to chemotherapy with stabilization or short response.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Practical considerations for using mag-fura-2 to measure cytosolic free magnesium.

The development of fluorescent ion-selective indicators for magnesium has provided valuable tools for measuring second-by-second changes in cytosolic magnesium activity. In the course of establishing appropriate protocols for using one of these indicators, mag-fura-2, to measure magnesium activity in BC3H-1 cells and chick ventricular myocytes, many potential pitfalls and limitations of this technique have been encountered and addressed. These observations are presented for the purpose of providing guidelines regarding the appropriate use of this indicator and on factors influencing the interpretation of resulting data.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The significance of a new radiopharmaceutic agent, 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG 3), in the diagnosis of diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract in children].

Using the method of dynamic scintigraphy of the kidneys by means of a new radiopharmaceutical preparation, 99mTc--mercaptoacetyltriglicide [MAG 3], the authors examined 35 children with various urological and nephrological diseases. In indicated cases the examination was supplemented by administration of a diuretic, further projections or indirect mictional cystography. The authors assessed normal parameters of functional curves and their normal extent in a group of 18 healthy kidneys. They did not find a significant difference, as compared with results obtained by means of 131I-OIH. The assessed values of global clearance attained 66% of the 131I-OIH clearance values. In 60% of the patients the visualization of the parenchyma and in 80% the visualization of the efferent urinary pathways was better than when 99mTc-DTPA was used. In all instances the scintigrams were better than when 131I-OIH was used. The new radiopharmaceutical preparation combines the advantages of technetium-labelled preparations and the favourable pharmacokinetic properties of hippuran. It is suitable for quantification of tubular secretion. It is superior to hitherto used substances as regard the quality of visualization and in particular the lower radiation load. Therefore it is particularly suited for paediatric practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monoclonal IgM gammopathy with anti-myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) activity and polyneuropathy. A study of three cases.

The authors describe three patients with a chronic sensory-motor polyneuropathy associated with a monoclonal IgM gammopathy. In each case, the M-component was shown to display an antibody activity against the Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) in a western blot technique. Sera from the three patients stained specifically the myelin sheaths of normal human peripheral nerves after incubation with rabbit anti-IgM. Motor conduction velocities were very low in each case. Morphological studies of the sural nerve from one patient revealed a moderate loss of myelinated fibres, some onion-bulbs but also a microangiopathy and signs of axonal degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Fatal peripheral neuropathy with predominant motor involvement associated with anti-MAG IgM monoclonal gammapathy].

A 75 year old woman died of predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy with amyotrophy and fasciculations progressing to tetraplegia and death within 19 months. There was a mild distal sensory loss. At electrophysiology, the pattern was initially demyelinating and later became axonal. Nerve biopsy disclosed severe myelinated and unmyelinated fiber loss with wallerian degeneration. The remaining fibers had demyelination widening of the external myelin lamellae and intense hypermyelination. Serum contained an anti-MAG monoclonal IgM reacting with SGPG. Two siblings without monoclonal gammopathy had died of definite amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This family association is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Effects of monovalent cations, pH and temperature on the dissociation constant (KD) for the fluorescent indicator mag-fura-2 at different excitation wavelengths.

The use of fluorescent indicators to quantify intracellular magnesium ([Mg(2+)]i) requires accurate determination of the dissociation constant (K(D)). Ideally, the K(D) should be determined intracellularly; however, in practice this is difficult to achieve. An alternative method is to measure the K(D) in solutions which attempt to mimic the intracellular milieu. This study investigated the effect of monovalent cations, pH and temperature on the Mg(2+)-mag-fura-2 K(D) determined at individual excitation wavelength intensities of either 340 nm or 380 nm, with emission fluorescence set at 510 nm. Monovalent cation concentration had little effect on K(D). Temperatures in the range 25 degrees C to 37 degrees C had significant effects on K(D) measured at 340 nm and 380 nm. At 340 nm the K(D) values at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C were 2.02 and 1.15 mM, respectively and at 380 nm 2.84 to 1.68 mM, respectively. Changes of pH in the range 6.5 to 8.5 had variable effects on the K(D) depending on the wavelength at which it was measured. The results illustrate not only how estimation of K(D) can vary with environmental conditions, including temperature and pH. but also the choice of wavelength.

Fluorescent Dyes↗
PubMed1996

[Diagnostic value of renal scintigraphy with MAG 3 and DTPA in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis].

UNLABELLED: Angiography still remains the first line investigation to demonstrate a renal artery stenosis. We have evaluated the sensitivity and the specificity of renal scintigraphy in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis using two technetium markers, MAG 3 and DTPA. PATIENTS: 45 hypertensive (HT) patients (WHO criteria) referred for investigation of renovascular hypertension according to the criteria of the AHA Scientific Council and were found to have a unilateral renal artery stenosis of varying severity. Age was 61 > +/- 13 years; sex-ratio F/M 21/24; creatinine < 150 mumol/l. There were non insulin dependent diabetics, and none had been treated with ACE inhibitors or diuretics for 15 days. Bilateral arterial stenosis was excluded a posteriori. METHODS: MAG3 and DTPA scintigraphy were performed one hour after a dose of 25 mg of captopril plus hydration with 500 ml of intravenous saline. Blood pressure was measured by dynamap every 15 min from minus one hour to the end of the study. The principle outcome measure was nephorgram phase and the secondary measure was the angiographic phase (two images per second). The two scintigraphy techniques were performed at a mean interval of 2.9 +/- 2.1 days. Digitized angiography via the arterial route was performed using left anterior oblique and right anterior oblique images. RESULTS: [table: see text] CONCLUSION: There was only one false positive scintigraphy result with a polar artery. In contrast 45% of unilateral stenoses were not diagnosed by scintigraphy. Both markers gave similar results even if subjectively the MAG3 images were of better quality. Analysis of the angiographic phase and of the size of the kidneys did not improve the diagnostic accuracy and could lead to false positive results.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Prehospital neuroprotective therapy for acute stroke: results of the Field Administration of Stroke Therapy-Magnesium (FAST-MAG) pilot trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To demonstrate that paramedic initiation of intravenous magnesium sulfate (Mg) in the field in focal stroke patients is feasible, safe, and yields significant time-savings compared with in-hospital initiation of neuroprotective therapy. METHODS: We performed an open-label clinical trial. Inclusion criteria were: (1) likely stroke as identified by the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen; (2) age 45 to 95; and (3) treatment initiation within 12 hours of symptom onset. Paramedics initiated 4 g Mg loading dose in the field, followed by 16 g over 24 hours in hospital. RESULTS: Twenty patients were enrolled, with mean age 74 (range 44 to 92), and 50% were male. Final diagnosis was acute cerebrovascular disease in all (ischemic 80%, hemorrhagic 20%). Study agent infusion began a median of 100 minutes after symptom onset (range 24 to 703), and 70% received study agent within 2 hours of onset. The interval from paramedic arrival on scene to study agent start was: field-initiated, 26 minutes (range 15 to 64) versus in-hospital initiated (historic controls), 139 minutes (range 66 to 300; P<0.0001). Paramedics rated patient status on hospital arrival as improved 20%, worsened 5%, and unchanged 75%. Median NIHSS on hospital arrival was 11 in all patients and 16 in patients unchanged since field treatment start. Good functional outcome at 3 months (Rankin < or = 2) occurred in 60%. No serious adverse events were associated with field therapy initiation. CONCLUSIONS: Field initiation of Mg sulfate in acute stroke patients is feasible and safe. Prehospital trial conduct substantially reduces on-scene to needle time and permits hyperacute delivery of neuroprotective therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The quantitative determination of the protein content of milk by means of violet spectral photometry. 7. The milk analyzer MAG 100 (Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH)--a possibility for simultaneous measurement of protein and fat content in raw milk at the dairy farm].

A new analysing apparatus is introduced, which allows to measure protein and fat contents of milk in the dairy farm. The instrument works on the basis of ultraviolet spectral photometry. Before measuring the milk sample must be diluted with a hydrous detergent solution in the ratio 1:100 and then homogenized. Accuracy and precision of the analytic results are influenced by detergent type, the water quality of detergent solution, the detergent foam, the air content and the pH of detergent solution, the reliability of homogenizer and thermostating system, the stability of photometer and by the error of dosage. Also a milk standard was developed, which is required for daily calibration of the apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Parameters for monitoring treatment effects in CIDP with anti-MAG/SGPG IgM antibody.

We used cycles of plasma exchange and intravenous cyclophosphamide to treat a patient who had chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein/sulfoglucuronylparagloboside IgM antibody. After treatment, serum anti-sulfoglucuronylparagloboside IgM antibody titers were reduced significantly, and clear symptomatic improvement followed. The percentage of CD57-positive lymphocytes and natural killer cell activity had also returned to normal. Our findings indicate that serial measurements of these parameters are useful for monitoring treatment effect in this disease.

Antibodies, Blocking↗
PubMed2003

Distal motor latency and residual latency as sensitive markers of anti-MAG polyneuropathy.

There is debate whether the terminal latency index (TLI) is a sensitive marker for polyneuropathy with anti-myelin-associated-glycoprotein antibodies (anti-MAGP). We examined 6 patients with an anti-MAGP and 6 patients with a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). The electroneurographic features studied were: distal compound motor action potential (CMAP), distal motor latency (DML), motor conduction velocity (MCV) elbow to wrist (distal MCV), MCV axilla to elbow (proximal MCV), MCV distal/proximal, terminal latency index (TLI), residual latency (RL), F-wave, and modified F ratio. We found significant differences between anti-MAGP and CIDP for DML and for RL. No significant differences were found for TLI and the other measures. The TLI values were not significant probably because our patients had a longer duration of disease,which supports the hypothesis of a distal to proximal progression of conduction slowing over time. We propose that a residual latency >4.0 and a distal motor latency >7.0 are strongly suggestive for an anti- MAGP.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1996

Cloning and characterization of a new allergen, Mag 3, from the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae: cross-reactivity with high-molecular-weight allergen.

A new immunoreactive clone whose sequence is not homologous to that of any of the previously identified mite allergens was isolated by successive immunoscreening of a Dermatophagoides farinae cDNA library with rabbit antisera to an extract of the house dust mite and IgE in pooled sera from patients allergic to mites. Rabbit antibodies specific for the recombinant protein recognized a 177 kD protein in a mite body extract. This immunoreactive protein was located in the circumferential tissues of esophagus, gut and the other internal organs in mites. The reaction of human IgE to the purified natural antigen was inhibited competitively to 30% by the recombinant antigen. In terms of the frequency and the intensity of response to specific IgE in sera from asthmatic patients, the natural protein was similar to Der f2, while the recombinant protein was slightly less allergenic by these criteria. We conclude that the natural protein from the house dust mite, D. farinae, is an important allergen.

Amino Acid Sequence↗