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Results for “Lymphopenia”

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Lymphopenia in SARS.

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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2001

Muscular-skeletal cryptococcosis in a patient with idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia.

A healthy 27-year-old woman presented, four months after childbirth, ingravescent pain and claudication of the left lower limb. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the lumbosacral and iliac regions showed widespread muscular-skeletal lesions. The patient underwent surgery; Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from surgical samples. Liposomal amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole were administered. Laboratory findings showed lymphocytopenia, with reduction of CD4+ lymphocytes (23 cells per cubic millimeter) in the absence of HIV infection and any other defined immunodeficiency. This is a rare case of muscular-skeletal cryptococcal infection isolated in a subject affected with idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia.

Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Naïve and central memory T-cell lymphopenia in end-stage renal disease.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with increased propensity to infections, diminished response to vaccination, impaired cell-mediated immunity, and reduced CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratio. Four subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells have been recently identified: naïve cells (as yet uncommitted), central memory (CM) cells (previously programmed), and CD45RA-positive and CD45RA-negative effector memory (EM) cells (programmed to perform specific effector functions). The effect of ESRD on subpopulations of T lymphocytes is unclear and was studied here. Twenty-one hemodialysis patients and 21 age-matched controls were studied. Pre- and post-dialysis blood samples were obtained and analyzed by three-color flow cytometry. CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the numbers of the naïve and CM CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly reduced, whereas the numbers of EM CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were unchanged in the ESRD group. The reduction of the naïve and CM T-cell counts in the ESRD group was associated with increased apoptosis of these cells. Negative correlations were found between severity of azotemia, oxidative stress, and hyperphosphatemia with the number of naïve T cells. Comparison of diabetic with non-diabetic ESRD patients revealed higher numbers of total CD8+ cells and EM CD8+ T cells in the diabetic group. Dialysis did not significantly change the naïve and CM CD4+ or CD8+ cell counts, but significantly lowered CD8+ EM cell count. Thus, ESRD results in increased apoptosis and diminished populations of naïve and CM T lymphocytes. This phenomenon may, in part, contribute to the impaired immune response in this population.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2001

Lymphopenia in occupational pulmonary silicosis with or without autoimmune disease.

An increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis has been demonstrated in silica-exposed patients. The aim of this study was to determine the peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype in a population of silicotic workers employed in the slate mines of the district. Silicosis was assessed in 58 patients according to the International Labor Office's criteria. Clinical and biological data including flow cytometric evaluation of the lymphocyte subsets were compared with those from 41 healthy volunteers. The silicotic patients had a higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases (6/58 versus 0/41: P < 0.05) and of elevated antinuclear antibody titres compared to the control group. A very significant decrease of total lymphocyte count (P < 0.001) involving B, T and Natural Killer cells was found in silicotic patients as compared with matched healthy volunteers. A significant increase in the percentage of activated T cells (12.3%) was observed in the silicotic group as compared to 6.5% in the control group (P = 5 x 10(-5)). Our results show that in silicotic patients, the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes is diminished with an increased proportion of activated T cells. Whether these findings could predispose to the development of autoimmune disorders is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Restriction in T-cell receptor repertoire in a patient affected by trichothiodystrophy and CD4+ lymphopenia.

Molecular analysis of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, by measuring the CDR3 heterogeneity length of beta-variable regions (spectratyping), is useful for acquiring novel information on the status of immune system in primary immunodeficiency. Here, we evaluate TCR repertoire in a child with trichothiodystrophy (TTD) and combined immunodeficiency (CID). Spectratyping revealed marked alterations of TCR repertoire distribution: 21 and 10 out of 27 TCR Vbeta (TCRBV) families and subfamilies were skewed in CD8+ and CD4+ subsets, respectively. These findings revealed, for the first time in a TTD patient with CID, a marked reduction in the TCR repertoire complexity, which may reflect alterations in the mechanisms regulating the generation and homeostasis of T cells.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed2000

T lymphopenia in genetically obese-diabetic Wistar fatty rats: effects of body weight reduction on T cells.

Patients with long-standing diabetes may have a propensity for infection-related mortality. In this study, lymphocyte subsets, the proliferative response of splenocytes to mitogens, and circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in genetically obese-diabetic Wistar fatty (fa/fa) rats (WF) were longitudinally compared versus lean (+/?) litters (WL). Moreover, the effects of weight reduction with voglibose treatment on immunity were evaluated (WFV and WLV). Body weight was significantly increased in WF compared with WL. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia developed, respectively, 11 weeks and 5 weeks thereafter throughout the observation periods. Circulating T cells and T-cell subsets of WF were significantly reduced after 22 weeks. There were also significant decreases in CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes and the proliferative response of splenocytes. Circulating levels of TNF-alpha were significantly increased in WF. Treatment with voglibose resulted in significantly reduced blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, and body weight in WFV. After weight reduction, circulating T cells and T-cell subsets were increased and TNF-alpha was decreased significantly in WFV. Our results suggest that the number and function of T cells in WF may be reduced, which may be related at least in part to elevated TNF-alpha levels, although the role of the other factors such as glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides on T-cell immunity should be further investigated.

Animals↗