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PubMed1983

The Health Services Research Labor Force in the United States.

In 1978, the Panel on Health Services Research Training of the Committee on a Study of National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel surveyed former health services research trainees and principal investigators to get information about the supply, employment, research, and teaching activities of people in these two groups. The survey shows that federal support for the training of health services research personnel has generated a cadre of investigators who remain active in health services research. Former trainees represent a cohort of largely younger investigators who are doing research of a type once done by older principal investigators who today engage in more administration and do less research. Most health services researchers are employed in academic settings and do research in their field.

Employment↗
PubMed1983

Equal opportunity for a geriatric labor force: some observations on marine surveying.

The issue of mandatory retirement is reviewed in the context of a physically arduous task with major implications for the safety of both life and property (marine surveying). The main physiological factor limiting the inspections of vessels and cargo is the individual's aerobic power. Over an eight-hour shift, the net energy expenditure can amount to 4 megajoule (MJ), equivalent ot 37% of aerobic power for an unfit 65-year-old employee. It is argued that the majority of marine surveyors should retire at about the age of 65 years, on grounds of (1) heavy physical demand, (2) ensuring continuity of operations through the recruitment of young, formally trained employees, and (3) public safety in the face of growing time pressures and a rapidly changing technology. Nevertheless, careful physiological tests may distinguish exceptional individuals who can continue with their work for a longer period.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The impact of informal care giving on labor force participation by rural farming and nonfarming families.

Using data from the National Survey of Families and Households, 1987, this study contrasts urban versus rural, and farm versus rural nonfarm informal care givers of the elderly and disabled to illustrate the conflicts that each group experiences when combining work and care giving. Women are the primary care givers in both rural and urban areas. Rural care givers spent more time providing care than urban care givers, whether the dependent resided in the care giver's home or elsewhere in the community. A moderate difference existed in the number of hours care givers spent at work, although the rural care giver's spouses worked significantly more hours than urban spouses. Rural nonfarm care givers spent more hours caring for individuals residing in their communities, while farm care givers spent the most time in household-related activities when caring for someone in their homes. In-home activity decreased the number of hours spent at work, while community care giving did not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Downsizing of the nation's labor force and a needed social work response.

While employers recognize that downsizings are not cyclical but rather strategic business decisions, there is not sufficient recognition of the importance of these human resources in the profitability and service quality in their organizations. The author highlights the challenge to the social work profession to sensitize management to the needs of their employees, both the released workers and the survivors. The author recommends strategies to sensitize employers to implement processes to humanize the consolidations occurring increasingly in the workforce. An emphasis is placed on the challenges to the social work profession in providing programs and services to America's businesses and employees.

Crisis Intervention↗