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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The economics of ideas and intellectual property.

Innovation and the adoption of new ideas is fundamental to economic progress. Here we examine the underlying economics of the market for ideas. From a positive perspective, we examine how such markets function with and without government intervention. From a normative perspective, we examine the pitfalls of existing institutions, and how they might be improved. We highlight recent research by us and others challenging the notion that government awards of monopoly through patents and copyright are "the way" to provide appropriate incentives for innovation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Bio-prospecting or bio-piracy: intellectual property rights and biodiversity in a colonial and postcolonial context.

Despite the rhetoric of decolonization following World War II, developing countries are, if anything, more dependent now on the science and technology of the developed world than they were in colonial times. This has led some critics to describe their situation as "neo-colonial." This paper will explore the issue in relation to the biotechnology industry, and to the 1993 United Nations Convention on Biodiversity. This convention challenged the assumption that the earth's biological and genetic resources are part of the "global commons" by giving property rights over these resources to the nation-states. While the objective of encouraging states to conserve biodiversity is universally endorsed, the strategy of using property law to do so is not. The search for new genetic and biological resources has become a major priority for the agrichemical and pharmaceutical industries, and despite continuation of the colonial tradition of appropriating indigenous knowledge and resources, new and more equitable models are being explored and developed within the convention's framework. These strategies, while controversial, offer the hope of a new and more just "International Genetic Order."

Biotechnology↗
PubMed1996

The Chelyabinsk data base: current Russian legislation on databases and intellectual property and its implications for international scientific collaboration.

The Chelyabinsk data base contains medical and radiation dosimetry data from the archives (handwritten paper files) dating from the early 1950's at the Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine (URCRM). The original medical records of the off-site population (about 100,000 people) exposed to radiation due to at least three nuclear events in the Urals are stored in the archives.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Intellectual property. Coauthorship and coinventorship.

Although the accepted criteria used for inclusion as author or inventor are similar, the average number of authors in scientific articles is significantly higher than the number of inventors on the corresponding patents. This finding can be attributed to an artificial inflation of coauthors, to the exclusion of coinventors, or--more probably--to a mix of both causes. This article argues that the discrepancy between the numbers of coauthors and inventors can have significant legal consequences, as the exclusion of an inventor can render a U.S. patent invalid or seriously harm its value. A proposal aiming to avoid such consequences and taking into account legal as well as authorship credit considerations is described.

Authorship↗