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Results for “INTESTINAL DISEASES”

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PubMed1975

[Role of E. coli 06 in the epidemiology of acute intestinal diseases].

The authors demonstrated the etiological role of E. coli 06 in group acute intestinal diseases with the clinical picture of food poisoning. The leading role of the food factor in the spread of this infection was established. A study was made of 64 E. coli 06 cultures isolated from the patients in group infection and from the carriers examined by various indications. The cultures produced no keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs. The capacity to produce enterotoxin was revealed in 2 of 5 cultures tested in experiments with the intranasal infection of albino mice.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Study of the antibiotic sensitivity of the Shigellae, pathogenic Escherichia, Proteus and Staphylococcus isolated from young children in Tbilisi with acute intestinal diseases].

Sensitivity of Shigella, pathogenic Escherichia, Proteus and Staphylococcus isolated from children with acute intestinal diseases was studied with respect to antibiotics widely used in medical practice: streptomycin, levomycetin, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and neomycin. The antibiotic sensitivity was determined with the method of indicator discs. It was found that sensitivity of shigella was: 44 percent to streptomycin, 69.5 per cent to levomycetin, 18.5 per cent to tetracycline, 18.5 per cent to chlortetracycline, 23 per cent to oxytetracycline and 94 per cent to neomycin. Sensitivity of pathogenic Eschericia was 28, 33, 14, 14, 25 and 74 per cent, sensitivity of staphylococci was 46, 56.5, 21, 21, 31.5 and 89.5 per cent, sensitivity of Proteus was 15, 31.5, 3.5, 3.5, 7.5 and 52.5 per cent respectively. Cross resistance with respect to tetracyclines was found in all the microbes studie. Intragenera differences in the antibiotic sensitivity were observed among Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Characteristics of bacteria in the genus Proteus isolated from patients with sporadic and group intestinal diseases].

The biochemical and biological properties of 148 Proteus strains isolated from patients both in sporadic intestinal infections and in a case of group infection in children's hospital was studied. The study revealed that the etiological factor of the group infection was P. mirabilis belonging to rare serovar 48:2. Proteus organisms isolated in sporadic infections belonged to a great number of serovars. No relationship between the isolated serovar and the nosological form of the intestinal disease was established. Among the Proteus strains under study, 82 strains showed atypical biochemical properties in 1 test or more. No correlation between the clinical diagnosis and the occurrence of atypical strains was established.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease associated with fish and shellfish, England and Wales, 1992-1999.

Between 1992 and 1999 1425 foodborne general outbreaks of Infectious Intestinal Disease (IID) were reported to the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre. Of these, 148 (10%) were associated with the consumption of fish and shellfish. Three main aetiologies were identified. Outbreaks associated with fish (47%) occurred more frequently in the summer months, and were linked with Scombrotoxic fish poisoning caused by the consumption of tuna that was improperly stored. Outbreaks associated with molluscs (36%) were associated with the consumption of oysters contaminated with viral pathogens, particularly in February. Outbreaks associated with the consumption of crustaceans (11%) often involved eating prawns that contained either salmonellas or viral pathogens. The maintenance of microbial quality from prior to capture/harvesting until the moment of consumption, based on a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point style approach, is essential if gastrointestinal illness associated with such produce is to be avoided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease associated with person to person spread in hotels and restaurants.

Twenty-eight outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease, reported as being transmitted mainly by the person to person route, were identified in association with retail catering premises, such as hotels, restaurants, and public houses, in England and Wales between 1992 and 1994. Five thousand and forty-eight people were at risk in these outbreaks and 1234 were affected. Most of the outbreaks (over 90%) occurred in hotels. Small round structured viruses were the most commonly detected pathogens. Diarrhoea and vomiting were common symptoms and most of the outbreaks occurred in the summer months. Control measures to contain infectious individuals and improved hygiene measures are necessary to contain such outbreaks.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vegetarianism, dietary fibre and gastro-intestinal disease.

PURPOSE: To review the association between vegetarianism, dietary fibre and gastro-intestinal disease. DATA: There is an increasing trend towards vegetarianism in the United Kingdom. Studies have shown a lower than expected death rate in vegetarians with a significant association between meat eating and mortality from all causes in men. Vegetarians were found to have a lower incidence of gastro-intestinal cancer, gallstones, diverticular disease and constipation. Patients treated with vegetarian/high-fibre diets have not experienced significant benefits when diets are used in gastro-intestinal cancer, peptic ulcer disease or inflammatory bowel disease. CONCLUSION: The benefits of a vegetarian life-style may be conferred to non-vegetarians by eating a carefully planned non-vegetarian diet consisting of increased fruit, vegetables and fibre.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is immunoproliferative small intestinal disease uncommon in India?

Till date only three series of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) describing 22 patients have been reported from India. Seven patients with IPSID in two tertiary referral centers in India are included in the study. Diagnosis was based on typical clinical features [diarrhoea (7/7), weight loss (7/7), clubbing (6/7), fever (3/7), abdominal pain and lump (3/7)], biochemical evidence of malabsorption and duodenal biopsy findings. All patients were young males (mean age 29.8 +/- 11.8 years, range 17-53). Atypical features included gastric involvement (1/7), colonic involvement (1/7) and appearance of pigmented nails following anti-cancer chemotherapy (1/7) which disappeared six months after omitting doxorubin from chemotherapy regimen. Parasitic infestation was common. Ascaris lumbricoides (1/7), Giardia lamblia and hookworm (1/7), Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichura (1/7). In the latter patient S. stercoralis became disseminated after anti-malignant chemotherapy. One patient had gastric H. pylori infection. Four of the seven patients who were misdiagnosed as tropical sprue were treated with tetracycline. This raises doubt on efficacy of tetracycline alone in treatment of IPSID. One other patient was misdiagnosed and treated as intestinal tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and administration of chemotherapy may improve survival in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reovirus infection in adult mice: the virus hemagglutinin determines the site of intestinal disease.

Reovirus type 1, strain Lang, and type 3, strain Dearing, induced site-specific intestinal lesions in the adult mouse after intravenous inoculation. Reovirus type 1 caused inflammation and epithelial changes such as loss of nuclear polarity, villus blunting and crypt hyperplasia restricted to the ileum. In contrast, reovirus type 3 induced duodenitis, jejunitis, and ulcerative colitis. In the duodenum and jejunum, the epithelial cells appeared normal, but hemorrhage and inflammation in the lamina propria was present. In the colon, superficial ulceration, crypt abscesses, and intraluminal hemorrhage was observed. Segregation analysis using reassortant clones derived from reoviruses 1 and 3, suggested the viral hemagglutinin, encoded by genome segment S1, to be the major viral determinant of site specific intestinal disease following intravenous inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Thrombolytic therapy for venous thrombosis in patients with gastro-intestinal diseases.

Venous thrombosis in 2 patients with gastro-intestinal diseases (chronic liver disease and ulcerative colitis) is reported. A good clinical improvement was obtained after thrombolytic (urokinase) therapy without any haemorrhagic side-effect. A decrease in the plasma of the fast-acting antiplasmin has been correlated with urokinase thrombolytic effect in vivo. These preliminary reports suggest that thrombolytic drugs are a safe tool for the treatment also of thromboembolic complications in patients with potential haemorrhagic diathesis.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Chronic intestinal diseases in the dog: a review].

The most commonly encountered chronic enteropathies in dogs are inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), food allergies, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Recent research in the field of immunopathogenesis of IBD and food allergy in human beings have made available new therapeutic options with immunomodulatory drugs. However, the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of canine IBD and food allergy have not been elucidated so far. Further studies focusing on the immunological dysregulation in the mucosa as well as clinical trials with new therapeutic modalities are needed to improve our knowledge and approach to these chronic diseases in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales, 1992-2003.

We reviewed the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of 89 reported outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease affecting 4321 people in England and Wales over the period 1992-2003. Public water supplies were implicated in 24 outbreaks (27%), private water supplies in 25 (28%), swimming pools in 35 (39%) and other sources in five outbreaks (6%). Cryptosporidium was implicated in 69% of outbreaks, Campylobacter sp. in 14%, Giardia in 2%, E. coli O157 in 3% and Astrovirus in 1%. From 2000, there was a consistent decline in the number of outbreaks of waterborne disease associated with public water supplies. The incidence rate of outbreaks in recipients of private water supplies may be as high as 35 times the rate in those receiving public water supplies (1830 vs. 53 per million population). Private water suppliers need to be aware of the importance of adequate treatment and the prevention of faecal contamination of storage water. Swimming-pool operators need to ensure chlorination and in particular adequate filtration measures are in place.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed2006

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease in Greece: presentation of 13 cases including two from Albania.

OBJECTIVES: Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) represents a spectrum of clinicopathological entities including alpha-chain disease and other types of lymphoplasmacytic proliferations of the lamina propria of the small intestine, presenting with severe malabsorption. IPSID has been described mainly in the Mediterranean, Middle East, and African countries. It occurs rarely in western countries. We present here our experience from Greece describing some interesting findings in cases diagnosed during the years 1970-2002. METHODS: Current immunological and immunohistochemical methods for the detection of alpha heavy chains and the presence of clonality have been used to study 13 cases of IPSID diagnosed in Greece, two of whom were Albanian residents. RESULTS: The patients were categorized in three subgroups of IPSID: alpha-chain disease (n=8), non-alpha chain disease with other monoclonal immunoglobulins (n=3), and polyclonal 'non-malignant' IPSID (n=2). In several patients the disease had unusual features, and this in some cases delayed the diagnosis. In suspected cases it is thus of the utmost importance to proceed to an exploratory laparatomy. Patients with stage C disease had a short survival, whereas two patients with stage A alpha-chain disease responded to treatment with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine, vincristine and prednisolone, respectively, have a disease-free long survival of 35 and 12 years, and appear to be cured.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Oral manifestation of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease. A case report.

A patient with a previous medical history of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) presented with persistent red and ulcerated lesions on her attached gingiva. Despite the obvious long standing gingival inflammation, minimal destruction of alveolar bone had occurred. Following failure of the tissues to respond to routine periodontal therapy, a gingival biopsy was taken. Histological assessment of the specimen revealed several features in common with the intestinal lesions seen in IPSID. In particular, a large plasma cell infiltrate subjacent to the gingival epithelium was noted. There was a marked loss of normal connective tissue morphology and evidence of epithelial degeneration. Treatment has since consisted of palliative measures only. While this is a relatively rare condition, it (as well as other disorders of the immune system) provides a useful insight into the role that the immune system plays in the inflammatory periodontal diseases.

Adult↗