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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Medical-assisted reproduction and protection of the person].

The position of the Catholic community on medical assisted procreation is here put forward. The two values that need to be upheld are: the protection of human life from before the birth and its conception within marriage. These values need to be incorporated into juridical norms, which, in a pluralistic society, cannot involve anything other than a long process of reapproachment between varying positions towards an agreed text. The absolute nature of the values defended by catholics do not require "legislative rigidity", but allow collaboration towards the common good of all those involved. The United Nations' declaration on human rights and the nascent international conventions on bioethics provide us with negative limits at the least and encourage the political community to take on their proper legislative responsibilities in the field.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1995

[Assisted procreation: ethics and passions].

In vitro fertilization has become a subject of major ethical debate filled with passion and for two main reasons: On the one hand, it has posed in a very clear way the problem of the status of the human embryo, a problem intrinsically related to the debate on the voluntary termination of pregnancy. On the other hand, it looks again at the debate on access to these techniques, to the legitimacy of the desire for a child and to debate on the new families and from there, questions sexuality, life and death, subjects of fundamental existence. The authors analyses the phenomenon, develops a lay approach to embryo status and from there defends a vision of freedom of access to assisted procreation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1993

[Exploration of pathological sperm and its fertilizing power].

The exploration of human sperms has considerably progressed during the last few years, side by side with the development of medically assisted procreation techniques. The sperms are explored by a battery of techniques which evaluate their functional state and the expression of their fertilizing power. Sperm count and motility assessment remain the basic examination in the exploration of couples' infertilities but other more sophisticated techniques can be used to evaluate certain stages in the fertilization process, including the recognition by, and attachment of the sperm to the zona pellucida of the oocyte, its penetration into this zone, the fusion of sperm and oocyte membranes and the transformation of the nucleus into a male protonucleus in the cytoplasm of the oocyte. Up to now, however, most of the techniques that evaluate the functional state of the sperm cell have not been predictive, and the only feasible and repeatable means of evaluating the fertilizing power of a semen is fertilization in vitro.

Fertilization↗
PubMed2002

[Metamorphosis of the uterus from Hippocrates to Ambroise Pare].

The treatise Des monstres et prodiges (1579, 1585) by Ambroise Paré includes a vignette depicting a monstrous embryo in the form of a human head surrounded by snakes. This picture belongs to the iconographic tradition relating to the Graeco-Roman mythology of sexuality and procreation. It derives from the belief in the womb's animal nature, illustrated on magic Graeco-Roman and Byzantine gemstones, where the uterus is shown in turn as a cupping vessel, a scarab-beetle, an octopus or the head of Gorgo.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variations in elemental distribution in human spermatozoa.

Morphologically normal spermatozoa from groups of men attending the infertility clinic with normal density and motility had subcellular elemental composition measurements from various parts of the spermatozoa compared with anatomically similar spermatozoa from semen with marked oligo- or asthenozoospermia. In the two groups of semen the mean % value of the elements was similar in the acrosome, nucleus, mid-piece and tail regions excepting sodium and potassium which were significantly lower in the abnormal semen. Although a similar elemental distribution was found in each group the observed trend towards higher total values in the abnormal semen did not reach significance. Highest levels were found in the nuclear and mid-pieces of all spermatozoa suggesting future diagnostic possibilities for such measurements in determining spermatozoal procreative potential.

Elements↗
PubMed1982

Scientific cosmogony, mythology, and immortality.

Some current scientific theories of cosmogony demonstrate significant similarities to the cosmological theories of mythology and of certain religions. The notion that the universe originated in a specific cataclysmic explosion raises the mental construct of a center of the universe. This concept plays an important role in mythology and is related to the idea of the cyclical renewal of time. Such concepts, both scientific and mythological, serve as reassurance against the fear of extinction. Aspirations to immortality re-emerge in disguised form in the search for life elsewhere in the universe. Some of the cosmological theories resemble metaphorical elaborations of childhood concepts of procreation.

Astronomical Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

Pregnancy--procreative process, the "placental paradigm," and perinatal therapy.

Based on extensive clinical experience with childbearing women, a metaphor is suggested depicting psychic reality during pregnancy as a "procreative container," constituted through three intertwining systems--physiological-placental, intrapsychic-familial and socioenvironmental. Psychohistorically predisposed thresholds of tolerance are proposed, with each woman manifesting varying degrees of "permeability" or "psychological immunity" to engagement in the process of emotional gestation. A model illustrates variations in affective quality, fixity, and intensity of preconscious maternal representations underpinning defensive structures. This "placental paradigm" charts seven permutations of the combination of herself as mother to her fantasized baby (in relation to split aspects of herself as baby to her archaic mother) and effects of these imagined dyads on the postnatal exchange. The paper concludes with an exposition of unique features of psychoanalytic treatment during pregnancy and postnatally, and the impact of the procreative psychic reality on patient and analyst.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Human immunodeficiency virus and fertility care: embarking on a path of knowledge and access.

The convergence of medical and social factors in the HIV-infected community has produced a growing interest in procreation with the aid of assisted reproductive technologies. Meeting the needs of fertile and infertile, concordant and discordant couples will require the establishment of multidisciplinary treatment centers and research programs to define and provide the safest and most effective therapy possible.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed2001

[Signs of discovery. (Re-)construction of infertility in the age of reproduction medicine].

Even though infertility seems to be an old phenomenon, it will be argued that it was discovered in a new way once it became necessary to legitimize the technological possibilities of artificial fertilization at the end of the 1970s. With the birth of the first test-tube baby in 1978 the public became excited about the new possibilities of medical procreation. Reactions were extremely divided because extracorporeal fertilization seemed to undo the difference between natural organisms and technologically created human beings. Today reproductive medicine is an accepted field of gynecology and an increasing number of couples make use of it (even in managing their fertility). This development was the result of the successful integration of reproductive techniques into the discourse of infertility which is by no means self-evident. From the perspective of how societies communicate about reproduction it becomes clear that the dividing line between fertility and infertility is disappearing.

Adult↗