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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Managing unofficial inventory: a piece of the materiel management foundation.

The implementation plan will remain the same: target an area of opportunity, measure and document the amount and value of the unofficial inventory, establish PAR levels, implement the use of hand-held terminals to assist in inventory control, and integrate inventory control with the implementation of new programs that will impact ordering, receiving, distribution, and invoicing. It is anticipated that the inventory in the main OR alone can be reduced by $1.5 million if we move forward with a stockless JIT system. This would reduce the days of inventory on hand from approximately 100 days to between 7 and 14 days. This could also mean a holding cost reduction of $150,000. The merit of reducing unofficial inventory is evident. Managing unofficial inventory is merely one piece of the successful materiel management foundation. The other foundation pieces include contract compliance and price negotiations, systematic methods of ordering products, and timely distribution of products to the end user. PHS cannot effectively move forward to a new, innovative materiel system for the future until we first measure, analyze, and document the present conditions. Once the foundation is laid by improving present business practices, then the framework of the structure can be designed and constructed. The goal is to implement a system that utilizes the full potential of people, equipment, logistics, and information so that our customers, the patient caretakers, do not have to worry about anything except the delivery of quality care.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed2001

Foundational model of neuroanatomy: implications for the Human Brain Project.

In order to meet the need for a controlled terminology in neuroinformatics, we have integrated the extensive terminology of NeuroNames into the Foundational Model of anatomy. We illustrate the application of foundational principles for the establishment of an inheritance hierarchy, which accommodates anatomical attributes of neuroanatomical concepts and provides the foundation to which other information may be linked.

Brain↗
PubMed2003

Efficient web-based navigation of the Foundational Model of Anatomy.

The University of Washington's Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA)1 is a complex, frame-based model composed of over 170,000 frames collectively specified by more than 1.4 million slot values. The Foundational Model Explorer (FME) was designed to provide simple and intuitive web access to this complex knowledge base. The Foundational Model Explorer (FME) (Figure 1) is built upon the Protégé 2000 knowledge base access library [http://protege.stanford.edu/]. The FME application, associated libraries, and the FMA database all reside on remote servers. Users of the FME are not required to download, install, or set-up any of these components. The FME application, in response to a query, retrieves the appropriate information from the FMA, formats these data into html documents, and transmits them, via the Internet, back to the client where they can be viewed from any standard web browser

Anatomy↗
PubMed2005

["A model of joint research"? Cancer research and the funding policies of the German Research Foundation and the Reich Research Council in National Socialist Germany].

In 1936 the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) started planning a programme for tumour research. After discussions between representatives of the German Research Foundation, the Reich Health Office and the Ministry of Science and Education about the extent of the scheme, in December 1936 the first scientists received their grants. The scheme was mainly drawn up by the Munich pathologist Max Borst, who was supported by the German Research Foundation's employee Sergius Breuer. Scientific research on cancer was divided into four sections: (1) etiology, (2) diagnosis, (3) treatment, and (4) constitution, disposition, heredity, and statistics. Well-known German scientists were invited to contribute to the scheme. When the Reich Research Council (Reichsforschungsrat) took over power in decision-making on research funding in 1937, cancer research was not seriously affected. Only in 1943, when further restructuring of the Reich Research Council took place, the situation changed through Kurt Blome's becoming the plenipotentiary for cancer research. Blome's position in cancer research was linked with the task of supporting scientific research on biological and chemical warfare. In general, however, the characteristics of the cancer research scheme remained astonishingly constant up to the end of World War II.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical practice guidelines proposed by the Hellenic Foundation of Osteoporosis for the management of osteoporosis based on DXA results.

In recent years guidelines for the testing and treatment of osteoporotic patients have been published by recognised organisations, including the World Health Organisation (WHO), the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) has been considered the technique of choice because of its excellent precision and ability to predict osteoporotic fractures. Last December, based on the Appraisal of the Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE), the Hellenic Foundation of Osteoporosis, in collaboration with other scientific societies, provided guidelines for the use of DXA for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of osteoporosis and Quality Assurance (QA) of these systems. According to these guidelines, the adequacy of the present number of DXA units in Greece was assessed. There are 367 DXA units in Greece, and almost 50% are located in the capital city, Athens, where 34.1% of the population lives. The distribution of DXA devices per resident in the Greek provinces (except Attica) is between 4.2 units/100,000 heads (Ionian Islands) and 1.6 units/100,000 heads (Sterea Hellas). These guidelines have resulted in a suggestive yearly repeat of the measurements, to ensure the precision of the method, but mainly for reasons of compliance. Finally, these guidelines are viewed as a work in progress and will be updated periodically in response to advances in this field.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The library of Santa Maria Nuova hospital in Florence. Historical settings and book acquisitions from the foundation to transfer to the Superior Study Institute (1679-1893)].

The library of Santa Maria Nuova hospital in Florence. Historical settings and book acquisitions from the foundation to transfer to the superior study institute (1679-1893)--This study encompasses the development time span for the scientific and structural foundation of Santa Maria Nuova Library in Florence, beginning since 1679--year of its establishment--until 1893, year of its translation to the Istituto di Studi Superiori. The complete title transcription of the over thousand books which in a three year period only (1783/1786) created the foundation for the scientific-medical Library, is instrumental in pointing out the rules that the hospital and its School played inside the scientific debate in the contemporary European environment. So compounded, this paper aims at giving medicine historians valuable documents for an in-depth critical study.

History, 17th Century↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meeting the needs of people with arthritis: quality of life programs of the Arthritis Foundation.

The Arthritis Foundation's Quality of Life Action Plan (Brady et al., 1993) is a strategic planning document that provides direction for service and education initiatives through the year 2000. This plan is a guide for the fulfillment of the quality of life aspect of the Arthritis Foundation's Mission Statement: "To support research to find the cure for and prevention of arthritis and to improve the quality of life for those affected by arthritis." The plan is based on documented needs and challenges that affect the quality of life of people with arthritis, with a focus on physical, psychosocial, and economic issues. This article provides a review of these issues and describes the types of services that the Arthritis Foundation provides to help people with arthritis effectively deal with these problems.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1998

The digital anatomist foundational model: principles for defining and structuring its concept domain.

We define a foundational model as an abstraction of a body of knowledge that explicitly declares the principles and concepts necessary for coherently and consistently modelling a knowledge domain. Principles for a foundational model of anatomy are defined and used to specify the components of such a model. These components include an anatomy ontology (Ao), an anatomical structural abstraction (ASA), an anatomical transformation abstraction (ATA) and metaknowledge (Mk), which comprises the rules for representing relationships in the other three components of the model. The foundational model Fm is therefore specified as the four-tuple Fm = (Ao,ASA,ATA,Mk). We hypothesize that this abstraction captures the information that is sufficient and necessary for describing the anatomy of any physical entity that constitutes the body, as well as that of the body itself.

Anatomy↗
PubMed2002

Building young people's public lives: one foundation's strategy.

Foundations are awakening to the untapped potential of serious, policy-focused community change efforts led by teenagers and young adults. This chapter lays out background questions, a point of view, and programmatic strategies that one foundation developed for supporting young people who are taking direct action to improve their lives and communities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Biomedical engineering and the whitaker foundation: a thirty-year partnership.

The Whitaker Foundation, established in 1976, will close in 2006. It will have made awards totaling 805 million US dollars, with over 710 million US dollars in biomedical engineering. Close to 1,500 faculty members received research grants to help them establish academic careers in biomedical engineering, and over 400 graduate students received fellowship support. The Foundation also supported the enhancement or establishment of educational programs in biomedical engineering, especially encouraging the formation of departments. The number of biomedical engineering departments almost tripled during the past 10 years, now numbering close to 75. Leveraging of grants enabled the construction of 13 new buildings. With the field firmly established, the grant program supporting new faculty members will be the one missed the most. New opportunities, however, are emerging as interdisciplinary research is being embraced by both public and private funding sources. The life sciences will be increasingly incorporated into all areas of engineering, and it is expected that such "biofication" will pose both opportunities and challenges to biomedical engineering.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1994

Reproductive health research in China: the Ford Foundation initiatives.

Increasing demographic and epidemiological evidence shows that maternal health problems are widespread and are linked to social, cultural, and economic factors, in particular, to women's status in society. Thus, there is an urgent need to expand existing knowledge about these influences on reproductive health and to empower women to gain control over them. To this end, there is a need for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach with an emphasis on social science research and training. The Ford Foundation, after an extensive review of its work in population and development, embarked on a new, ten-year, comprehensive reproductive health program for the 1990s. This paper describes one component of that program, a partnership with the All China Women's Federation to sponsor a series of reproductive health research activities. It examines the development and evaluates the positive and negative outcomes of the project, which commenced in 1991, from the perspective of a consultant involved in the process. So far, the project has generated interest in reproductive health in at least twenty-one Chinese provinces and has fostered a real partnership between the sponsoring and the collaborating agency. Based on the immediate outcomes of a research competition designed to identify research projects and investigators, of participant evaluation of the methodology training course, and of the strategies aimed at building capabilities and strengthening institutions in order to ensure future success, I conclude that the Ford Foundation's reproductive health initiative in China is a worthwhile and sustainable project.

China↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Francis I. Proctor Foundation: the first fifty years.

September 15, 1997 marked the golden anniversary of the Francis I. Proctor Foundation, which was established in affiliation with the University of California in San Francisco. Over 50 years, 182 fellows from 27 countries have been trained in programs focusing on the study of infectious and inflammatory eye disease, and the prevention of blindness worldwide. Many of the people and events that have contributed to the success of the Proctor Foundation are presented in this brief essay.

Anniversaries and Special Events↗
PubMed1988

National Kidney Foundation report on dialyzer reuse.

Numerous organizations have presented their views previously on the reprocessing of hemodialyzers. These were well summarized by Easterling (Easterling, RE: Regulations and Standards, in Deane, Wineman, Bemis [eds]: Guide to Reprocessing of Hemodialyzers. Martinus Nijhoff, 1986, pp 183-197). The publication of the Recommended Practice by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) on the reprocessing of dialyzers, coupled with the announcement of the Federal Government to accept these as the basis for Regulations administered by HCFA (now published as "Standards for the Reuse of Hemodialyzer Filters and Other Dialysis Supplies," Federal Register, Oct. 2, 1987), prompted the President of The National Kidney Foundation, Dr Richard Glassock, to appoint a Task Force to formulate the Foundation's position on the above. The members of the Task Force were: Michael J. Fisher, Raymond Hakim, MD, Nathan W. Levin, MD, Chairperson, John M. Newmann, PhD, David A. Ogden, MD, and Vincent Pizziconi, PhD. After having reviewed the previous NKF report on the issue of dialyzer reuse (American Journal of Kidney Diseases 3:466, 1984), the Task Force resolved that the principles of patient consent to dialyzer reuse and right to refuse a reused dialyzer as presented in the report be reaffirmed. While accepting the AAMI Recommended Practice as the basis for its recommendations, the Task Force recognized that the concerns of some patients were not met by the document. In addition to a number of technical amendments that were proposed, the Task Force, acting in the interest of patients, felt that it was essential to add information concerning the potential advantages and disadvantages of reuse.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Disposable Equipment↗
PubMed1999

Public health policy paradoxes: science and politics in the Rockefeller Foundation's hookworm campaign in Mexico in the 1920s.

The origins of US international health endeavors are intertwined with the Progressive Era's faith in science as arbiter of humankind's secular problems. No agency better exemplifies the period's confidence in science than the Rockefeller Foundation's International Health Board (IHB), which set out to export the new public health theory and practice around the world. An examination of the IHB's hookworm program in Mexico in the 1920s demonstrates that, notwithstanding the Rockefeller Foundation's (RF) self-conscious commitment to scientific neutrality, its programs continuously engaged political criteria, exhibiting the competition, coexistence, and inseparability of the worlds of science, politics, and international health policy. Analysis of the program's quotidian decisions and larger strategies further reveals the protean quality of RF science-politics, which enabled responses to parochial and broadly-conceived needs at multiple levels. In the focus on hookworm, the selection of campaign sites, hookworm diagnosis methods, treatment procedures, definition of cure, and the assignment of responsibility for prevention, scientific and political considerations were inextricably bound. The science-politics paradox was molded by the hookworm program's constituencies in Mexico, including political leaders, health bureaucrats, physicians, business interests, public health workers, peasants, and Rockefeller officers. The multiple, often contradictory, roles of the RF's hookworm campaign are characteristic of the policy paradoxes that emerge when science is summoned to drive policy. In Mexico the campaign served as a policy cauldron through which new knowledge could be demonstrated applicable to social and political problems on many levels. The repeated pledge of scientific neutrality belied the hookworm program's inherent aim of persuading government officials, the medical community, business interests, and the populace of the value of investing in public health as a means to improve social conditions, further a medical model of health and sickness, increase economic productivity, and promote good relations between the US and Mexico.

Culture↗
PubMed1999

The role of patients in the implementation of the National Kidney Foundation-Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative.

Patients have a fundamental right to be involved in making decisions that affect their health care treatment and outcomes. Patients need to be knowledgeable about disease process and treatment options to exercise this right. The National Kidney Foundation-Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-DOQI) Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hemodialysis Adequacy, Peritoneal Dialysis Adequacy, Treatment of Anemia of Chronic Renal Failure, and Vascular Access, introduced in 1997, include new clinical recommendations that may impact patient treatment choices. Access to these guidelines presents a unique professional opportunity to empower patients through education related to NKF-DOQI. This article highlights the role of patients in implementing NKF-DOQI in light of studies conducted by two renal patient organizations, the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and the American Association of Kidney Patients (AAKP). Results from the AAKP survey indicate that end-stage renal disease patients are willing to change behavior to feel better and live longer. Results from the NKF focus study show that dialysis patients need to receive information about NKF-DOQI and understand its direct impact on patient outcomes. In addition, results from both studies reveal that patients feel strongly about participating in health care decisions that impact on their treatment and outcomes.

Association↗
PubMed2000

[Foundations--a means for implementing strategic goals and measures in public health].

Social innovations are happening in many critical areas. Foundations make an enduring contribution towards increasing access to innovations in public welfare based on the philosophy that believes state-run organizations are neither efficient nor responsive to the people's changing needs. In this sense, foundations help to close the gap by turning hitherto tolerated conditions into problems and claims to action. The effectiveness of voluntary bodies as advocates of change owes much to their informal nature. In Germany, voluntary actions in Public Health are still underrepresented. Therefore, donors should be more supported by state government through adequate regulations. In addition, funders need to concentrate their efforts on the limited number of areas where they can have the greatest impact.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1999

[60 years Alfred Vogt Foundation. The prize winners and their work].

BACKGROUND: The Alfred Vogt-Prize is the highest award in Switzerland for scientific research in ophthalmology and related fields of research. The Alfred Vogt institution was founded 60 years ago in Zürich, where Alfred Vogt was working as the head of the department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital. For this reason the activity of the foundation was recognized on the occasion of the annual meeting of the Swiss Ophthalmology Society in Zürich 1998. METHOD AND RESULTS: The biographical notes of Alfred Vogt were compiled. The winners of the prize and their distinguished papers are listed below. During the 60 years since the establishment of the foundation the prize was rewarded to 53 researchers or research teams. The awards were divided among several researchers in those years when many outstanding papers were submitted. On the other hand in many years no award was given due to lack of award worthing research papers. 7 researchers received the prize more than once. CONCLUSION: The list of the winners of the Alfred Vogt-Prize reflects the history of the Swiss Ophthalmology. To a number of researchers the awards allowed them further research, which let to excellent contributions to international Ophthalmology.

Awards and Prizes↗
PubMed1986

Commercializing university research. Lessons from the experience of the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.

Universities that are now seeking ways to capture the financial rewards of advances made in biotechnology and other fields on their campuses have been encouraged by the apparent success of previous efforts to benefit from the commercial application of research findings by obtaining patents and granting licenses. Notable among these efforts is the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF). A close examination of the experience of this foundation reveals that, with good fortune and good management, a patenting and licensing organization can enjoy financial success. It also indicates, however, that the success experienced by WARF would be difficult to achieve today and that such efforts may yield lower financial returns than university administrators expect. Universities should be aware that such ventures entail financial risks and pose potential threats to traditional university values.

Academic Medical Centers↗