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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Topically applied antibiotics in acne vulgaris: clinical response and suppression of Corynebacterium acnes in open comedones.

Topical antibiotics were used on patients with acne vulgaris. Corynebacterium acnes organisms from open comedones were quantitated during treatment, and the progress of the disease was evaluated. Clindamycin lotion completely suppressed the growth of C acnes organisms, whereas erythromycin and tetracycline did not depress the C acnes counts. Taken as a group, these antibiotics gave a substantial improvement of the disease on the treated side as compared with paired untreated sides of the face and back.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism of propionyl erythromycin lauryl sulfate. I. Fate of the propionyl erythromycin moiety in the rat.

The absorption, excretion, and metabolism of propionyl erythromycin (PE) has been studied in the rat. The major routes of metabolism of PE are ester hydrolysis and N-demethylation. The rates of these two reactions have been examined in vivo using radiolabeled PE. The plasma half-life of the ester is 5.5 hr. The correlation of blood levels of radioactivity with 14CO2 production indicates that the ester is continually hydrolyzed after absorption. The half-life of the dimethyl-amino moiety of the desosamine sugar is estimated at 1.5 hr. This relatively short half-life compared to that of the ester is supported by the fact that at 3.5 hr after dosing there is twice as much desmethyl-PE in plasma as PE. After oral administration of either 14C-PE or 14C-erythromycin, 70% of the radioactivity is absorbed in 6 hr. The major route of excretion is via bile. Approximatley 40% of the absorbed dose is excreted in bile in the first 6 hr after dosing. Tissue levels of radioactivity after administration of 14C-erythromycin or 14C-PE indicate that PE or a metabolite accumulates in the tissue during chronic dosing, whereas erythromycin-related levels are similar after single or multiple doses.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism of propionyl erythromycin lauryl sulfate. II. Fate of the lauryl sulfate moiety in the rat and man.

The absorption, excretion, and metabolism of [1-14C]lauryl sulfate as either the sodium or propionyl erythromycin salt has been studied in the rat and man. In the rat 88% of the radiolabel from propionyl erythromycin [1-14C]lauryl sulfate was excreted in the urine in the 24-hr period following a single oral dose. More than 95% of the radiolabel was excreted as the metabolite butyric acid 4-sulfate. This metabolite was shown to be derived from carbons 1-4 of the lauryl sulfate moiety. There was no evidence of sulfate cleavage in the rat. In man 51-59% of the administered ratioactivity was recovered in the urine. The major excretion product was butyric acid 4-sulfate accounting for approximately 95% of urinary radioactivity. The remainder was unchanged lauryl sulfate. A significant portion of the radiolabeled propionyl erythromycin lauryl sulfate was converted to 14CO2 indicating that the sulfate linkage was cleaved. A minimum value of 9-16% of the dose was metabolized in this manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Rarity of failure of penicillin prophylaxis to prevent postsplenectomy sepsis.

All splenectomized individuals are at risk of developing pneumococcal sepsis, but most reports fail to mention how many patients are given prophylactic penicillin therapy. Fourteen reported cases of postsplenectomy bacterial sepsis in patients receiving prophylactic penicillin therapy are reviewed. In only five cases, the patients had penicillin-sensitive pneumococcal infection. Hence, the exact frequency of the failure of penicillin prophylaxis cannot be calculated, but it appears to be very rare. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis used indefinitely and pneumococcal vaccine are both strongly recommended for all children and adults undergoing splenectomy.

Adolescent↗