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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Visceral caseous lymphadenitis in thin ewe syndrome: isolation of Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and Moraxella spp from internal abscesses in emaciated ewes.

The relationship between the visceral form of caseous lymphadenitis and a chronic debilitating condition of mature sheep designated as the thin ewe syndrome was investigated. Internal abscesses were found during necropsy in 81% of animals with thin ewe syndrome and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C ovis) was recovered from 86% of the animals with internal abscesses. Other pyogenic bacteria, including C pyogenes, C equi, Staphylococcus epidermis, S aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were often recovered in association with C pseudotuberculosis. Moraxella sp was recovered in 41% of the animals with internal abscesses. In some abscesses, Moraxella sp was the dominant microorganism isolated and in others, they were outnumbered only by C pseudotuberculosis. Species isolated included M bovis, M osloensis, and M nonliquefaciens. The potential importance of Moraxella sp to the cause and pathogenesis of the thin ewe syndrome is not known. The results of the present study indicate that visceral caseous lymphadenitis is either an important contributing factor to the development of thin ewe syndrome or that the presence of thin ewe syndrome may predispose affected sheep to the development of visceral caseous lymphadenitis. A skin test reagent prepared by sonicating C pseudotuberculosis was of limited value in detecting animals with visceral caseous lymphadenitis. Only 56% of the animals with abscesses caused by C pseudotuberculosis gave positive delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test responses.

Abscess↗
PubMed2000

Aspirin esterases in North-West Indians: the influence of age and nutrition.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the activity of aspirin esterases in North-West Indian population and to find the effect of age and nutrition on it. SUBJECTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS: The serum albumin, plasma cholinesterase (PChE), aspirin esterase (ASPES) and phenyl acetate esterase (PAE) were determined in 175 subjects: young (< 40 years) and healthy (BMI > 19) = 74; elderly (> 50 years) and healthy (BMI > 19) = 32; young (< 40 years) and emaciated (BMI < 19) = 44; elderly (> 50 years) and emaciated (BMI < 19) = 25). RESULTS: The serum albumin levels significantly decreased with increase in age (r = -0.384, p < 0.01) and with decrease in body mass index (r = 0.457, p < 0.01). When the activity of esterases in four groups was compared, the PAE activity was not found to be affected by age or nutrition and the ASPES and PChE activity were significantly lower only in elderly emaciated (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: As elderly emaciated have decreased serum albumin, ASPES and PChE activity, they may need a lower dose of aspirin to achieve the desired antiplatelet and analgesic effect. The young emaciated subjects, in spite of their lower serum albumin levels, may not require a lower dose of aspirin.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of Russel's diencephalic cachexia].

The case of an infant admitted for evaluation of severe emaciation with intermittent ocular anomalies including strabismus and nystagmus is reported. This case demonstrates the value of magnetic resonance imaging and transfontanellar ultrasonography for the diagnosis of diencephalic syndrome of infancy. The prognosis of this condition is usually grim, in particular because of the severe emaciation which is disproportionate with the tumour spread. Pathophysiologic hypotheses put forward to explain this cachexia are reviewed. Although cytokines such as TNF alpha are currently incriminated in the pathophysiology of cachexia induced by a number of conditions, they have not yet been studied in diencephalic syndrome of infancy. TNF alpha is a potent lipolytic agent. Excessive production of TNF alpha may be involved in the genesis of the emaciation characteristic of diencephalic syndrome. Inappropriate production of TNF alpha may respond to the administration of specific anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies. This approach may be considered as a means for treating emaciation in patients with diencephalic syndrome of infancy.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed2006

Disseminated pilocytic astrocytoma involving brain stem and diencephalon: a history of atypical eating disorder and diagnostic delay.

The association of weight loss and pediatric brain tumors that affect the diencephalon or brain stem with weight loss is a recognized, but not fully understood phenomenon. Tumors located in the hypothalamic region may induce the diencephalic syndrome (DS), which is characterized by profound emaciation with almost complete loss of subcutaneous fatty tissue. Tumors that compress or infiltrate the brain stem rarely cause both psychological disturbance and emaciation. The clinical presentation may be different, depending on the location of the lesion and age of the patient. In this report we present an unusual case of severe emaciation in a 4(9)/(12)-year-old girl with a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the hypothalamic region and brain stem with neuroaxis dissemination. This case illustrates the importance of considering intracranial mass-lesions in the differential diagnosis of weight loss, psychological disturbance and atypical eating disorder. We discuss the importance of tumor multifocality and the role of patient age in the clinical presentation with reference to the literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗