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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Video display terminal operators: technology's biopsychosocial stressors.

1. Professional nurses can contribute significantly to the implementation of a multidisciplinary team to solve biopsychosocial stress issues in the "high tech" workplace. 2. Educating workers about risk factors, ergonomics, and self management measures is one of the most important aspects of preventing video display terminal related disorders. 3. The evaluation of biopsychosocial stress involves examination of workers' physical health, psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, workstation design, and other special considerations such as electronic performance monitoring.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1995

Redundant leading and following zeros in comparative numerical judgment.

The objective was to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how people make numerical comparative judgments when digits are contained in numbers with redundant leading or following zeros, e.g., 00080 and 800.000. These sequences of numbers often appear on computer display terminals (VDT) as line numbers, but surprisingly little research has been done on this. The experiment manipulated three aspects of numerical stimuli: (1) redundant leading zeros, (2) redundant following zeros, and (3) length of string of digits. The subjects were to push one of the two button-switches to respond whether two stimulus numbers shown on the computer screen were equal or unequal. The target stimuli contained several forms of redundant zeros, and each performance was assessed by response RT of the subjects. Analysis indicated five significant findings: (1) Redundant leading zeros hindered performance, (2) The effect of redundant following zeros depended on the stimulus type, (3) Over-all, longer digits took more processing time, (4) The RTs for the second-block trials were significantly faster than the first, and (5) Task performance was facilitated when the redundant zero representations were identical in both stimuli of a pair. Nonlexicographic processing seems to occur when feature identification can be used for numerical identification, that is, when the format is consistent. The research has implications for those in computer science to provide numerical formats which make comparative judgments as easy as possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identifying the savings potential of bedside terminals.

Savings estimates from using bedside terminal systems must be unit and shift-specific to properly determine which functional areas offer savings potential, the potential savings on different shifts, and which nursing units have the greatest savings potential.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1977

Serial electrocardiograms in hypertensive cardiovascular disease.

A graphic method for depicting serial changes in electrocardiograms is described and demonstrated for patients being treated in an antihypertension clinic. For these patients, the diagnostic categories, normal, left ventricular hypertrophy, and biventricular hypertrophy, are of primary interest. For each electrocardiogram, 14 measurements are used to compute posterior probabilities for each of the three categories. A triangular grid is used to plot each set of probabilities for an electrocardiogram as one point, which by its position in the triangle can be related to the three categories simultaneously. Points representing successive electrocardiograms can be plotted in the same triangle, giving a pattern of change with time. This pattern of change has been corroborated with associated clinical information on a number of patients. This display, which can be produced quickly and efficiently on a computer graphics terminal, should be considered as a possible tool in evaluating the status of individual hypertensive patients in terms of increase or decrease of ventricular hypertrophy and the efficacy of therapeutic measures.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Results of computer-assisted stereotactic laser resection of deep-seated intracranial lesions.

A computer-assisted stereotactic system has been developed for the precise resection of deep-seated intracranial neoplasms. After the tumor volume is reconstructed from computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging data, a computer-monitored, stereotactically directed carbon dioxide laser is used to vaporize the intracranial tumor. A computer graphics terminal is used to monitor the position of the laser in relationship to the planar slices through the tumor, which are reformatted orthogonally to the surgical plane of view. This procedure produced satisfactory postoperative neurologic results in 36 of the 41 patients who underwent treatment. The system provides precise surgical control in three-dimensional space for the safe resection of substantial amounts (as assessed by postoperative computed tomography) of intra-axial neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Topographic EEG study of visual display terminal (VDT) performance with special reference to frontal midline theta waves.

Operators of visual display terminals (VDT) often complain of physical, as well as psychological stress. Under certain circumstances, increased psychological stress among VDT operators is seen to create serious problems in their occupations, yet few studies have dealt directly with this problem. It is not clear how this should be measured and evaluated. We report the results of experiments where psychological stress was induced during VDT tasks such as visual search and computer mouse operations. The relationship between spatio-temporal analysis of EEG activity and productivity of VDT work was investigated. The subjects were divided into three age groups: young adults (18-22 years old), middle-aged (38-42 years old) and the elderly (58 years and over). Characteristic EEG changes occurred during VDT tasks. These consisted of frontal midline theta waves with maximum amplitude at Fz. Statistically significant relationships were found between duration of working, EEG electrode location on the head, as well as correlations between work speed and variation of theta waves. It was concluded that some factors relating to the severity of a mental task and the distribution of cortical EEG potentials are closely related. When long lasting theta waves appear in the EEG, a rest period should be considered, before the subjects complain of fatigue. An effective method to optimally determine the duration of work and rest periods can be designed using the EEG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Video display terminals: potential health effects of office automation.

The use of video display terminals (VDTs) has increased dramatically in the past 10 years and is projected to increase. Particular concerns related to the use of VDTs include vision, radiation, reproduction, dermatitis, stress and ergonomics. This article summarizes the current literature related to possible effects of VDT use and health.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1992

Psychological and ergonomic aspects of work with video display terminals.

Forty-nine operators of video display terminals were administered a questionnaire on subjective complaints in connection with work conditions. Measurements of non-ionizing and ionizing radiation emissions during normal operation of video display terminals showed them to be within permissible levels. A detailed ergonomic analysis of equipment and workstations was also performed. Results showed a high occurrence of subjective complaints, significant differences between age subgroups in a few variables, and significant correlation between sets of variables of some perceived ergonomic features and subjective complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The measurement of the characteristics of x-ray radiation generated by video display terminals by using thermoluminescent detectors].

Exposure doses of X-rays generated by video displays were measured by means of highly sensitive TLD-500K type detector based on thermoluminophore Al2O3 and DTG-4 type detector based on thermoluminophore LiF. Individual human doses and doses accumulated on the display's surface can be measured. Trials showed efficiency of the method to evaluate the efficacy of protective screens for reducing the irradiation exposure.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1991

Computer prediction of possible toxic action from chemical structure; the DEREK system.

1. The development of DEREK, a computer-based expert system (derived from the LHASA chemical synthesis design program) for the qualitative prediction of possible toxic action of compounds on the basis of their chemical structure is described. 2. The system is able to perceive chemical sub-structures within molecules and relate these to a rulebase linking the sub-structures with likely types of toxicity. 3. Structures can be drawn in directly at a computer graphics terminal or retrieved automatically from a suitable in-house database. 4. The system is intended to aid the selection of compounds based on toxicological considerations, or separately to indicate specific toxicological properties to be tested for early in the evaluation of a compound, so saving time, money and some laboratory animals and resources.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Protective filters in the prevention of asthenopia at a video display terminal.

In this work 25,064 employees were studied with the aim of investigating whether the video display terminal (VDT) equipped with filters reduces the incidence of asthenopia with reference to weekly time spent at a VDT and duration of work at a VDT. Analysis showed that the filters themselves do not reduce the occurrence of asthenopia consequent to various factors (refractive defects, time spent at a VDT, and monitors' characteristics).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized ordering of ultrasound examinations.

A uniform format for requesting ultrasound examinations was developed in response to the installation of a computerized communication system within the hospital. This format consists of a sequence of eight question-lists (screens), which are presented to the referring physicians on a computer video terminal and from which he selects appropriate information with a light pen. With computerized ordering, it is now possible for the ultrasonographer to be assured of always receiving study indications and relevant patient clinical information while knowing that the referring physician has been advised of study contraindications, scheduling advice, and the proper patient preparation.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1977

Vector cardiographic assessment of implanted cardiac pacemakers.

The design and use of an on-line PDP 11/40 based vector cardiographic pacemaker assessment system is described. The system has been designed for comprehensive, automated testing of either fixed rate or demand implanted cardiac pacemakers. It is accurate and can be operated by a laboratory assistant without special training. Pacemaker parameters extracted are pulse height, width, rate, energy index and the frontal plane vector length and angle at maximum inspiration and during quiet breathing. In addition, a graphical representation of the patient's ECG and the pacemaker pulse is obtained on a computer graphics terminal. Patient data are written to cartridge disk for permanent record following the test. At each subsequent test of the implanted pacemaker, the data on disk are addended with the latest quantitative results. A separate off-line FORTRAN program can interrogate disk files for detailed analysis of patient data and display of parameter trends since implantation.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Automatisation of chronic toxicities.

Automatisation of collection and processing of chronic toxicity tests are presented in a 'pharmaceutical research center environment'. The data are either analog signals or numerical values transmitted to the computer, from terminals posted in various laboratories. The minicomputer works under time-sharing system which allows many users to access to the programs in the same time. This system controls about 3000 results a day and prints complete reports in less than two days. Rewriting is then avoided thanks to this system, and in such a way, the reports are more reliable.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Spatial adaptation to text on a video display terminal.

We employed vertical sinusoidal test gratings to search for spatial adaptation to lower-case text presented on a standard video display terminal. The parameters of the contrast sensitivity test were selected on the basis of waveform analysis of horizontal spatial luminance profiles of the text. We found that subjects exhibited a small (4-5 dB), but significant, frequency-specific spatial adaptation consistent with the frequency spectrum of the stimulus. The theoretical and practical significance of this finding is discussed.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Work at video display terminals].

The different problems connected with work at video-terminals are thoroughly discussed, and above all the preventive aspects both as to repercussions on the operator's health and as to a better relationship between operator and machine are set out. These aspects require the participation of a variety of specialists concerned with techniques, methods, and ergonomics, as well as norms, also with a view of the future given the ever wider use of computerized systems.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Video display terminals: their electromagnetic safety].

Widespread application of video terminals (VT) has led to accumulating some unambiguous data on harmful effect of electromagnetic and electrical fields on the health. An analysis indicates that the level of electromagnetic and electrical fields is below permissible limits. IRPA/INIC concludes that the electromagnetic effects on VT users health are unharmful. However, the problem of VT use is an integrated one and involves not only radiation but ergonomic aspects and in this context requires further studies.

Computer Terminals↗